What is the weather? How is the weather forecast made? What weather events should be feared?

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:43

This is not always a predictable "lady". In our life we deal with it every day, sometimes we rejoice in it, we often think about it with annoyance, sometimes it spoils our property and well-being. All these weather conditions, sometimes favorable or unfavorable. What is weather? Let's try to consider this concept in more detail.

A little about the concept of "weather"

So what is it? Simply put, this is a combination of such indicators as ambient temperature, wind, sun, cloudiness, precipitation.

Let's look at the nature of weather conditions, where they form and what they are. What determines the weather? Processes in the atmosphere and air currents affect climatic conditions. Due to the fact that air masses move, water participates in the cycle, and the sun gives its heat, we can observe a variety of weather. Meteorologists are studying these processes.

What are the elements of meteorology and what is the weather, or rather, such weather phenomena as fog, drizzle, thunderstorms, snowstorms, temperature fluctuationsair, wind speed, visibility, rainbow, rainfall, snow depth, halo?

Air masses move endlessly. This affects the air temperature, which is very important for us. Its indicators vary from the highest to the lowest. The coldest place is on the mainland Antarctica, while in Africa, in the Libyan desert, the air temperature is always high.

Air temperature

The most pleasant temperature for humans is about 23 degrees. Although the inhabitant of the planet will not necessarily be comfortable with such indicators, a lot still depends on gusts of wind, atmospheric pressure, which sometimes causes people to feel unwell in the form of a headache. Siberia in Russia is known for having the highest pressure, unlike anywhere else on the planet. And the lowest is observed in countries with a tropical climate.

Forecasting attempts and the work of weather forecasters

Survey maps with the weather are weather forecasters in 3, 6 and 12 hours. They are carried out both on the earth's surface and in the atmosphere, because atmospheric processes cause changes in conditions on earth. The weather forecast is also communicated to us thanks to satellites, which are specially released into outer space to study air currents. It also happens that forecasts turn out to be wrong, yet nature is an unpredictable thing. However, the determination of the weather for a short period is always the most accurate. Two weeks is the maximum period for which a decrease or increase in air temperature, precipitation andpressure. What does forecasting give the population? It is necessary for those who are engaged in agriculture, it is extremely important for pilots and industrial enterprises.

Weather phenomena of nature. Grad

Of course, everyone is familiar with the phenomenon of hail. These are particles of ice that have fallen out of the atmosphere, rounded, not always of the correct shape. Why is hail dangerous? The fact is that the size of the pieces of ice can be very large. Some reach 10 cm. Hail is a natural phenomenon that is detrimental to the countryside. The losses from it are sometimes very large-scale. What can happen if a lot of big hail falls? It destroys crops, damages cars, damages buildings, causes injuries to people and animals, and ruins everything that is located on the street.

How do people try to reduce the damage that hail can cause? The hailstones begin to crush even before they touch the ground. To do this, iodine reagent is released into the air using a sprayer. Thus, the hail does not increase in size, but falls in the form of small pieces of ice. The most devastating natural hail fell in Kansas, Munich and Moradabad.

Thunderstorms, lightning and their dangers

Thunderstorms are inclement weather in the form of heavy rain with lightning and thunder. The accumulation of electricity in the clouds leads to this natural phenomenon. Lightning flashes across the sky due to electrical discharges that occur in or below the clouds. These are quite dangerous weather conditions, which are accompanied by strong gusts of wind, constantlychanging their direction, raising dust into the air. Why are thunderstorms dangerous? A sharply rushed wind can tear the roofs off the houses. There is also potential for extensive damage to orchards, as the hurricane rips leaves from trees, breaks branches, and strong torrents of rain can pluck fruit.

Thunderstorms sometimes cost a person's life, as the most dangerous is a direct lightning strike. They can cause tragedy during the flight, as they knock down instruments, cause breakdowns and fires. Also, the destruction of buildings and falling trees are often fatal for people.

Ice on the roads

Ice-covered roads are definitely a dangerous factor. After all, what is the weather? Now a blizzard, then a hurricane, and the next day everything turns into slippery ice. Black ice is a dense ice cover that not only covers roads, but also settles on wires and tree branches. Sometimes the layer can be impressive, and the branches break off under the weight of the ice crust. Graceful beauty can be destructive to people themselves.

For example, injuries sustained during a fall on the ice, or even death, unfortunately, are often found in both villages and cities. If black ice is announced, it is better not to take risks and postpone the car trip, and also try not to go out. The most dangerous are concussions due to hitting the head, falling on the back or in an unfortunate position. To eliminate the possibility of falling, you need to pick up non-slip shoes for yourself and try to leave the house a little earlier, so as not tohurry up.

Severe frosts and blizzards

What is the weather, or rather, bitter frosts? This natural phenomenon is called cavitation. Frosts are dangerous for humans, as they can cause frostbite. Therefore, be sure to dress for the weather and try to spend time in the cold on the move. But the greatest danger is frost (especially at night) for crops and trees. This natural phenomenon causes cracks, or frost holes, that damage the bark of trees. Moreover, young and waterlogged trees are more likely to be damaged by low temperatures. To combat these weather conditions, nitrogen fertilizers are used in agriculture.

Snowstorms can also cause significant damage - these are very dangerous weather events. The movement of snow masses at high speed often causes skidding of people, buildings and cars, contributes to frostbite, destroys wires, which can cause power lines to fail. Also, snowstorms are the enemy of motorists.

Dry weather

Such adverse weather events as drought and hot winds occur due to a rather long lack of precipitation. In these cases, there is usually high air temperature and low humidity. Drought is dangerous because the lack of moisture is harmful to the root system of plants and crops. Most often, dry weather is inherent in the steppe, forest-steppe terrain and deserts. In such cases, agriculture usesartificial type irrigation.

What measures are taken to conserve crops if the weather in the area is sunny and dry? Usually this is a set of measures that are designed to preserve moisture in the soil. They use special plowing across the slope, make holes to improve the microrelief of the soil, create intermittent furrows, take steps to reduce moisture evaporation.