Arthur Nikolaevich Chilingarov is a famous geographer, oceanologist, and also an explorer of the Antarctic and the Arctic. This is a truly outstanding personality, the biography of this person will be discussed in detail in our article.
The beginning of a scientific career in the Soviet Union
Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov was born in Leningrad in 1939. Father is Armenian, mother was Russian. In the 1940s, the Chilingarov family ended up in a besieged city. At the end of the war, Arthur and his parents were able to move to North Ossetia. For a long time he lived in Vladikavkaz.
In 1958, Chilingarov entered the Leningrad Naval Engineering School. Arthur graduated as an oceanologist, after which he began working as a researcher at the Antarctic and Arctic Research Institute. Chilingarov spent a lot of time in the Yakut village of Tiksi, where he worked as a hydrological engineer in a scientific laboratory. Many colleagues of Artur Nikolaevich noted his highest ability to work, propensity for organizational work, initiative, as well as the ability to get along with people.
By the beginning of the 80s in the biography of ArthurNikolaevich Chilingarov, a key moment comes: he is noticed by the USSR State Committee for Hydrometeorology. The hero of our article holds a prestigious post in the territorial administration of Amderma, a village in the Nenets region. Here Artur Nikolaevich in a short time grows from an ordinary employee to a deputy chairman.
Working activity in the USSR
Arthur Nikolaevich Chilingarov successfully combined his scientific activity with political one. So, in 1965 he was elected to the Bulka District Committee of the Komsomol for the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Here he held the position of secretary for some time. An interesting fact is that it was Chilingarov who was the first non-party secretary in the history of the Komsomol.
From 1969 to 1971, Artur Nikolaevich led a major scientific expedition "North-21". The research work was of a high-latitude nature, and therefore the results obtained made it possible to substantiate the possibility of year-round use of all routes of the Northern Sea Route. At the drifting station "SP-19" ("North Pole"), the hero of our article was the head, and at the base "SP-22" - the deputy head.
In 1971, Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov was appointed head of the 17th Bellingshausen Arctic station. From 1974 to 1979, the hero of our article managed the territorial office for the control of the natural environment in Adermin. Having finished his work here, the scientist became the head of the Department of Educational Institutions and Personnel in the Hydrometeorological State Committee of the USSR.
In the early 80sChilingarov becomes president of the cultural community "USSR-Canada". Within the framework of this project, friendly contacts were established both with Canada itself and with other developing states. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova played a significant role in this community.
In 1986, Artur Nikolaevich again returned to the post of deputy head in the State Hydrometeorological Committee of the USSR. In the early 90s, the scientist began his scientific activity on the nuclear-powered ship "Sibir".
Thus, for more than thirty years of his scientific career in the Soviet Union, the politician, oceanologist and polar explorer Artur Chilingarov has changed many positions, written a huge number of scientific papers, and also earned an impeccable reputation and authority for the world scientific community. What did the hero of our article do after the collapse of the USSR? More on that later.
Scientific career in the Russian Federation
In the 90s, the biography of Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov was mainly connected with political activities. The hero of our article resumed research work only in 1999, when he took charge of the flight of the Mi-26 helicopter to the central regions of the Arctic Ocean. It would seem that nothing remarkable event actually had a breakthrough character. No one before Chilingarov was able to plan and implement such long-range research flights.
In 2001, Artur Nikolaevich became the curator of the conference "The Arctic on the Threshold of the Third Millennium". At a major scientific meeting were putthe main goals and objectives that scientists are going to implement in the near future. The conference itself was held in Brussels. It was attended by representatives of the European Union, Canada, USA, Russian Federation and many other countries.
In 2002, Artur Chilingarov takes responsibility and leadership for the flight of the An-3T single-engine aircraft to the South Pole. The plane itself was disassembled on board the Il-76. Chilingarov wanted to demonstrate the convenience and efficiency of using light aircraft on the Antarctic ice sheet. However, something went wrong. The plane did not start, and therefore could not break away from the glacier. A few months later, the car was still started, but not without the help of American colleagues.
Chilingarov's research activities today
At the moment, Artur Nikolayevich actively contributes to the development of extreme tourism. He organizes air excursions to the North Pole, to the regions of the Arctic, the most interesting for the scientific world. Hundreds of people, including children, land directly on the ice in order to see with their own eyes the beauty and amazing landscapes of the northern corners of the planet.
The Arctic exploration program was closed in 1991. Perhaps it was because of this that Chilingarov temporarily retired from activity. Until the early 2000s, he took an active part in the political field. Only in 2003 did he manage to open Russia's first long-term drifting station, North Pole-32.
In 2007, together with the head of the FSBNikolaev Patrushev, Artur Nikolaevich made two polar expeditions by helicopter. In the summer of the same year, the Mir submarine sank to the bottom of the Arctic Ocean. At the initiative of a number of researchers, including Chilingarov, the Russian flag was hoisted at the bottom. A year later, Artur Nikolayevich is elected a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
In 2013, the hero of our article carried the Olympic flame at the North Pole. In 2014, Chilingarov joined the board of directors of Rosneft, where he headed the subcommittee on the development of the Arctic.
Political work
What can you tell about the political activities of Artur Chilingarov? It is known that the hero of our article took up parliamentary activities at the insistence of his polar explorer friends. From 1993 to 2011, Artur Nikolayevich was elected to the Russian Federal Assembly from the Nenets District. For some time, Chilingarov was Deputy Chairman of the State Duma from the fourth convocation.
From 1993 to 1996, the polar explorer Artur Chilingarov was the chairman of the ROPP - the Russian United Industrial Party. Here he acted as a member of the deputy group "Duma-96 - New Regional Policy". He was also a member of the Defense Committee. In 1996, Artur Nikolayevich was elected President of the State Polar Academy. At the same time, Chilingarov becomes a member of the presidium of United Russia.
As a deputy, Artur Chilingarov repeatedly emphasized the leading role of Russia in polar research. The scientist guaranteed that our state would never cede leadership to someone else. The hero of our article promised the use of new development mechanisms in the development of the richest regions of the North Pole. This is necessary for solving important political tasks and goals, as well as for in-depth analysis of the processes of changing the Arctic regions.
By the way, Artur Nikolaevich spoke not only about the Arctic. So, in December 2012, Chilingarov voted for the adoption of the sensational "Dima Yakovlev's law." According to this act, orphans from Russia cannot be adopted by US citizens. At the same time, Chilingarov rightly noted that each initiator of the adoption of the law must adopt at least one child.
At the moment, the hero of our article has completed his work as a member of the Federation Council from the Tula region. Since 2016, he has headed the party list of United Russia in the Republic of Tuva.
Prospects and plans of the scientist
According to Artur Nikolayevich himself, in November 2017 it is planned to organize the research station "SP-41". This is the largest drifting system that is frozen right into the ice. Polar explorers will have a safe base and optimal conditions for the implementation of their professional activities. The participation of foreign scientists on the basis of "SP-41" is also planned.
The hero of our article writes books. Artur Chilingarov produced about fifty scientific publications throughout his life. At the same time, the scientist is not going to stop: in the future he plans to devote himself even more to scientific research.research work. Today, the most famous work of Artur Nikolaevich is the book "Depth 4261 meters", dedicated to the work of the expedition "Arctic-2007". It was from this station that scientists descended to the bottom of the Arctic Ocean to take samples of flora and soil.
Chilingarov is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the only person in the world who was able to visit both the North and South Poles within six months. Artur Nikolaevich has an outstanding ability to work. This is emphasized by many of his colleagues and associates. The main goals of Chilingarov are: the study of the Far North, assistance in establishing a dialogue between the authorities and the public, as well as protecting the interests of scientists. To implement all the tasks presented, the hero of our article turned to political activity.
Arthur Chilingarov plans to solve basic issues for the development of the Arctic: it is the improvement of the transport system, the implementation of energy and environmental projects, the development of single-industry towns, support zones, industrial cooperation, communication systems and much more. The tasks outlined in the program "The Arctic for the period up to 2020" should also be implemented.
Community activities
A little more detail should be told about the social activities of Artur Nikolaevich. Since 1990, Chilingarov has been the president of the Russian Association of Polar Explorers. At the same time, the hero of our article is actively cooperating with Western states. Thus, recently the scientist has been a member of the International Research Club located in the USA. SimultaneouslyChilingarov is a member of the Royal Geographical Society in the UK and a representative of the Russia-Armenia club for the exchange of experience. Since 2001, Artur Nikolayevich has been one of the chairmen of the Council of the Parliamentary Club under the State Duma. Chilingarov is fond of sports, and therefore is the chairman of the public council at the National Rugby Premier League.
Chilingarov is trying to actively cooperate with many financial and public organizations. This makes sense: Arctic work requires a lot of effort and money, and therefore dialogue with banks such as VTB, Gazprombank or Sberbank is a useful and pragmatic exercise.
Artur Nikolaevich is friends with some scientists and public figures. So, with the famous traveler Fedor Konyukhov, the hero of our article is trying to find funding for work at the bottom of the Mariana Trench. The project is planned to be implemented in 2019.
Arthur Chilingarov's family
It is known that Artur Nikolaevich devotes most of his life to scientific and political work. And what is known about his personal life - his wife and children?
By nationality Artur Chilingarov is an Armenian. As already mentioned, the scientist's father was Armenian, and his mother was Russian by nationality. Ksenia, the daughter of Arthur Chilingarov, is very similar to her famous parent. The features and oval of the face, the color of her hair and eyes she inherited from her father.
WifeArtur Chilingarova, Tatyana Alexandrovna, met her future husband back in the 70s. In 1974, the couple had a son, Nikolai, and in 1982, a daughter. Ksenia Arturovna is a public person. She is quite well known to the general public, because the daughter of the famous polar explorer is the designer of the winter clothing line. The son of a scientist, Nikolai, graduated from the Maurice Thorez Moscow Institute of Foreign Languages. Today Nikolai Arturovich is engaged in simultaneous translations in the design department of Vneshprombank. At the same time, he is vice-president of the Association of Russian Polar Explorers. Nikolay often travels with his father and also sponsors the trips of famous scientists.
About Artur Chilingarov's awards
Throughout his life, Artur Nikolaevich has done a lot of useful things for our Motherland. The scientist received a huge number of prizes, awards and thanks. His two largest awards are the Hero of the Soviet Union from 1986 and the Hero of the Russian Federation from 2008. Artur Nikolaevich received both medals for heroism and courage in carrying out scientific work. In the 80s, he carried out the task of releasing the research vessel "Mikhail Somov", for which he was awarded. In 2008, the scientist received the title of Hero of Russia for the successful conduct of a deep-sea Arctic expedition.
In addition, Chilingarov was awarded the "Badge of Honor", the Order of Lenin, medals "For Services to the Fatherland", diplomas and thanks from the President, Parliament, Government, the Order "For Navalmerit", medals from the Russian Orthodox Church and scientific communities, honorary diplomas, etc.
For his considerable contribution to the development of Russian-Armenian relations, Chilingarov was awarded the Order of Amania Shirakatsi in 2000. In 2006 he received a medal from Chile, in 2009 from South Ossetia. In 2010, Artur Nikolayevich became a Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor.
The significance of Chilingarov's research
A person of such magnitude as Chilingarov deserves respect. Artur Nikolaevich throughout his life tries to serve in the interests of his Fatherland. Why are Arctic expeditions so important and why should the role of the hero of our article not be underestimated? After all, it is known that the state spends a huge amount of financial resources on the development of the North Pole, which often do not even pay for themselves. Maybe the case of Chilingarov and his associates is irrelevant scientific research?
Of course, a lot of finances, efforts and material and technical resources are spent on the development of the Arctic. However, it should be borne in mind that the North Pole is a real storehouse of a wide variety of resources and minerals. It is believed that under the ice of the Arctic is about 80 billion barrels of oil, billions of tons of coal and trillions of cubic meters of gas. In addition, the largest deposits of silver, gold, tungsten, nickel ores, platinoids and other rare metals are concentrated at the North Pole. There are also reserves of mercury, polymetals, phosphorus.
No expenses allocated for the study of the Arctic territories can be considered excessive orexcessive. Everything will definitely pay off - even if not today, but definitely in decades. In fact, Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov is helping to build a strong economic base for the country for centuries to come. However, it is equally important to properly manage the available resources. But this is the task of the authorities.
