Various devices installed in kitchens, industrial hygiene rooms, bathrooms and toilets - sanitary equipment. This is otherwise known as plumbing. The list of such devices includes: a shower cabin, a shower tray, a bathtub, a wall-mounted or floor-standing urinal, a bidet, a play closet, a toilet bowl and a cistern (flushing device), a kitchen sink, a washbasin in the bathroom, and so on.
Technology
Sanitary equipment is not a trifle, and many outstanding minds have worked to ensure that humanity lives comfortably and with high quality in everyday life. Most of the sanitary ware is made of semi-porcelain and faience, which is glazed. Since the materials and technologies are the same, sanitary equipment is most often kits with one composition for plastic, shape,color solutions.
But structurally, the models are very different from each other. Take, for example, a toilet bowl, without which sanitary equipment is in no way complete. This is a celebration of engineering. If earlier the drain was carried out from top to bottom from a high-mounted tank and flushing was carried out only by the force of falling water, then later a siphon was invented. And now these are such ingenious devices that it is not so easy to explain the operation of modern sanitary equipment systems.
Toilet
Quite often now you can find a tank built into the wall. This saves a whole square meter in usually cramped apartment toilets. However, this design is quite expensive and complex, it requires a certain piping. Hanging or floor-mounted kits are easier and more commonly used.
If the tank is suspended, it makes cleaning much easier for the hostess, which is practical. If a bidet is installed next to the toilet, it is usually a set with a combined design. The design is also identical. Dimensions must be selected individually so that the position of the body always remains favorable, as recommended by physiologists.
How to make it comfortable
The plumbing installer must be aware of the location, angle, installation height of the kit and other wishes of the client, of course, before work begins. Normal height, for example, a toilet up tofour hundred millimeters, but there are also models for children - up to three hundred and fifty millimeters. Older age also needs to be taken into account: since getting up is difficult for the elderly, the toilet should be installed as high as possible.
Plumbing fixtures for residential buildings do not provide for the installation of a urinal, but this item is increasingly found in apartments. In the bathroom, a toilet is rarely installed, only if the family is small, or there is another "guest" toilet. The bidet, too, has not yet become for Russian residents the device that would be considered necessary, although the hygiene of the lower body must be maintained in proper cleanliness daily, as well as washing.
Bathroom
Wash basins usually either stand on a pedestal (leg) or are attached to the wall at a height of about a meter. They are very convenient, and therefore they are common with a cabinet below and a table top. Firstly, the pipes are hidden in this way, and secondly, it allows you not to take far away accessories for washing, cleaning products and the like. The sanitary ware trade offers a wide variety of cute additions that will make the bathroom a place of rest and relaxation. These are racks, and mirrors, and an exceptional, exotic beauty of a sink with built-in shelves.
The comfort level of an apartment is quite rightly determined by the convenience and complete set of the bathroom. It is here that not only bathe and wash, but also store towels, soap and everything.the rest, necessary for that. Here they dry their hair and do their hair, shave, apply cosmetics. Laundry is most often done here, for which both a washing machine and a dryer are installed, here is also a storage place for dirty linen, medicines and household chemicals, and the like.
Requirements
First of all, sanitary and engineering equipment must fully meet the needs of personal hygiene. In addition, the bathroom provides opportunities for relaxation: a cold shower when it's hot, as well as a hot one after sports or physical work, a warm fragrant bath before bedtime.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide this room with appropriate materials and sanitary equipment rationally, so that each device is convenient to use, and subsequent cleaning does not cause unnecessary trouble. It is very convenient to combine a washbasin, shower and bath. Naturally, a long, lying bath is more comfortable, then not only rest is possible, but also the adoption of certain cosmetic or medical procedures.
Bath or shower?
The shower is, of course, an absolutely essential addition to the modern bath. The designs of both are constantly being improved. In the shower, for example, a circular shower is installed, and even now a Jacuzzi is not uncommon. There are shower cabins with a sauna, water massage and sprays of useful additives, with a solarium and musical accompaniment. But even the most commonbells and whistles, the shower already always has some elements that would have been amazing even twenty years ago.
In addition to the convenience and ease of use, already an integral part of modern plumbing equipment are devices in the shower that prevent the hose from twisting, easy disconnection, a lifting device, a switch for jet modes - from concentrated narrow and strong to fan fine spray, as well as massage, pulsating. And there are no more different nozzles, just press the button or turn the lever on the head of the watering can or on the mixer.
Bath
The bath is certainly more comfortable, even sitting. The internal dimensions of its bowl, the most convenient for ninety percent of adults, are 680 x 1670 millimeters. However, longer models are not uncommon today. The materials for the manufacture of bathtubs are very different. This is primarily cast iron with enamel, as well as steel, faience, synthetics. For example, acrylic has become quite popular, although it is not without some drawbacks. It is light, elegant, pleasant to the touch, keeps heat for a long time, ergonomic. Sufficiently durable, although not cast iron, which is still the most valuable material for this item.
Now they make bathtubs of various designs. For example, a double one helps to do a neck massage on its own, and it is completed with hydromassage equipment. Rectangular, triangular (angular), oval, round - what kind of species does not offer us today's trade! Large, luxurious, with sideseats, huge interior space, shelves for accessories, non-slip bottom - you can't list them all.
Plumbing work
The complex of construction and installation works includes the construction of a heating, ventilation, gas, heat, water supply and sewerage system. The whole process is divided into external work (laying of all networks and pipelines) and internal work (installation of a heating, water supply, ventilation, sewerage and gas supply system).
Internal plumbing work should at least include: making holes in walls and ceilings, installing underground ducts for pipelines and blowers, foundations for boilers, pumps and other equipment. It is the installer of sanitary equipment who installs, repairs and dismantles all systems, both central heating and sewerage, water supply, gas supply. He knows how to work with steel and cast iron boilers, tests and adjusts piping systems, apparatus and equipment. Heating systems are also handled by installers. And, of course, they carry out an audit and repair of any plumbing equipment.
Speci alty
A sanitary systems and equipment installer is the person who provides residents with all the comfort and convenience of life. It is not at all strange that this profession has always been popular and its demand is even higher in the future, because engineering systems in construction are becoming more sophisticated. Plumbing needs constant diagnostics, it needstimely repair.
It's not just the domestic industry that depends on the plumbing installer. Without his intervention, the uninterrupted activity of urban enterprises and agriculture will cease, where there are also industries with the necessary equipment - water supply and sewerage. Today, this person should be a highly qualified specialist.
What an installer should be able to do
The area of professional activity of a specialist in sanitary equipment includes: water disposal and sewerage, water supply, heating and heat supply, control and repair of these systems, the ability to mark and cut metal, cut threads, assemble a plumbing unit or any fragment of these systems.
You need to be able to refine the workpiece of any part or unit of equipment, to assemble any complexity, to be able to identify the cause of the problem and find ways to eliminate it. The installer must understand the connections of internal systems, building structures of the building.
