Ideological diversity: a general characteristic. Constitutional principles of ideological diversity

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:41

Ideological diversity is a concept considered by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and regulated in our country by legal standards and laws.

Basic of the current order

Studying the Constitution, you can see that already in the first chapter all the fundamental legal norms that are significant for our country are listed. Further regulation takes place, focusing on this base. At the same time, the rights and freedoms of a citizen are put at the forefront. Also, the first chapter of the Constitution is devoted to declaring the power of the people, declaring the economic space unified. There are certain clarifications here regarding local self-government and property. Ideological diversity, multi-party system, distribution of power along the hierarchical ladder are considered.

The constitutional system assumes that there are some values of society, the state, recognized as basic. All of them must be unconditionally observed. There are no exceptions, the standards apply to individuals and groups united on some basis.

Basis of peace and prosperity

Constitutional norms can be compared toa skeleton on the basis of which legal regulation in the state is built. All branches of law are subject to this framework. All legal acts of the country must comply with the Constitution and be devoted to a detailed disclosure of the main provisions. The principle of ideological diversity is no exception.

The Constitution declares the relationship between the individual and the state. In fact, it is the basis of the legal status of an individual citizen. The consolidation of the ideological diversity of the Russian Federation in this most important legal act has become obvious evidence that the country has left socialism in the past. If we turn to the previous Constitution (adopted in 1977 in the Soviet Union), we can see that the basic document declared a mono-ideology, namely, scientific communism. The country was under the control of the Communist Party, was forced to obey the teachings of Marx and Lenin in everything.

Freedom matters

How great the importance of ideological diversity in the Russian Federation can be understood, even if you just look around. Society includes an abundance of groups formed on the basis of confessions, political views, and social aspects. Their interests partially coincide, but not always. Human values are recognized by some groups, rejected by others in whole or in part. All this diversity of worldviews was concentrated in the Constitution, and the right to one's own point of view was declared through the principle of ideological diversity in the Russian Federation.

Ideologicalpostulates in the country are based on numerous concepts that are relevant to modern society. These are the rights of an individual, and the democratic structure of society, as well as local self-government, a market economy.

Theory and practice

The current constitution was adopted in 1993. This period turned out to be sufficient to sum up certain statistics, and today many scientists, sociologists, politicians agree that the principles of ideological and political diversity turned out to be effective to a much lesser extent than intended.

Initially, the idea was that it is through diversity, a large number of parties that one can set guidelines for the development of society. It was assumed that if there was a deviation from the set course, the country would be in stagnation, which would affect not only political aspects, but also the economy, social sphere and other public systems.

Search for the guilty

At the same time, it must be admitted that this was supposed only by a certain group of people. The text of the Constitution itself does not directly contain such a guideline. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that the main legal document is to blame for the insufficient development of the country.

Of course, the Constitution declares ideological and political diversity, but the actual implementation of what is stated in this document is assigned to various state authorities. Responsibility is borne by the executive, legislative bodies, including local government inregions. But one cannot deny the fact that the constitutional foundations of ideological diversity are one of the tools for uniting society into a single whole. That is, without ideology, the development of the state is impossible. Many experts agree that in the current state of affairs, the normal development of the country is no longer possible precisely because of the lack of unity in society.

Ideology: yes or no?

If the country has adopted the constitutional principles of ideological diversity, there is no unambiguous ideology, directively set by the authorities, this is not a reason to talk about the absence of an ideological struggle as such. In fact, the Constitution simply declares that the government cannot support a specific ideology and impose it on citizens.

Some scholars are convinced that the effective development of ideological and political diversity will eventually lead to the formation of an ideological concept. Its distinguishing feature will be taking into account the interests of all nationalities of the state. It is assumed that such development will help to integrate popular forces, due to which tasks that are important for society as a whole will be solved more efficiently.

Theoretical aspects

Ideological diversity has three significant aspects:

• the basis of the right declared in the Constitution;
• principle of law;
• Institute of Law.

Ideology includes concepts, theories, ideas formed by a collective or an individual. They are formed in various fields.social interaction, such as politics, religion, culture, society, economy. That is, in fact, ideological diversity is a qualitative description of life in the context of society, the state. Ideologies can form freely, compete with each other and share as they evolve.

Being free is a birthright

This is exactly what the Constitution in force in our country says. It follows from the most important legal act that every citizen has the right to think and say what he considers right and true. In addition, ideological diversity implies freedom of the media.

You can't stop a person from thinking what he thinks is right. If a certain citizen has found for himself an ideology that seems to him the most fair, accurate, correct, no one from the outside can point out to him that this is an erroneous decision. But it is not necessary to join an already existing ideology, you can create your own, unique postulates that reflect an individual view of the world, your own position. This is how the theories came about. Some of them were soon forgotten, while others turned life on the planet upside down.

Freedom of thought and freedom of speech

The main distinguishing features of these two freedoms are legal regulation. What a person says is to some extent controlled by laws, authorities, the state. What a person thinks is subject only to him.

Freedom of thought is given to people by nature, it is a natural right and property, duepersonality traits. Freedom of thought is directly related to the attitude of the individual to events, objects and other things that surround him. A person can formulate his own beliefs, which he will adhere to. The process takes place inside, it is closely connected with the personality, psyche, upbringing, education. Many people, using the freedom of thought, do not show their beliefs to anyone at all, but even more of those who seek to express their own attitude towards some object and share it with others in order to find supporters of their position. Here the concept of freedom of speech becomes relevant, which ideally every citizen has. This means that a person has the right to formulate his thoughts, pronounce them, write them down.

Freedom and power

It follows from the Constitution that the authorities do not have the right to interfere in the process of forming the beliefs and opinions of individuals. Moreover, the state is obliged to protect the right of a citizen to form his own position. Violence, diktat, control by those in power over citizens are unacceptable phenomena.

Freedom of speech in our country is guaranteed by the provisions of the Constitution. It follows from the main legal act that every individual has the right to express his position on a certain issue. Such regulations have been included because it is required by international standards in the field of observance of human rights. At the same time, many say that the freedom of thought and speech are closely related and represent a single whole. Any person should be able to think as he sees fit and express his thoughts by sharing them with others. It is unacceptable that freedom of thought, freedom of speech provoke persecution both by other people and by the authorities.

Media and ideology

The media is one of the most important tools for the formation of ideology in society. It is through the media that one can convey to people the idea of democracy and the "correct" worldview. Therefore, freedom of speech and freedom of the media come to one of the first places in a society striving for true freedom.

Media is a method of ideologically orienting a citizen, one of the ways to socialize an individual. They are indispensable in a democratic society, as they provide an influx of fresh information about what is happening around - positive and negative events. But information is not the only thing that an individual receives through the media. They give an idea of different ideologies. In the conditions of the ideological diversity declared by laws, it is possible to convey to people through the mass media the entire abundance of different positions, but it is also possible to campaign in favor of a specific (usually the most beneficial for the authorities) direction. Through the media, ideally, free competition of opinions can be achieved, for which citizens are provided with access to information.

Instilling a point of view: or is it still impossible?

So, theoretically, through the media, one can propagate one or another ideology that is beneficial for managers who keep the country under control. But this question is extremely delicate: of course, the ruling party is interested in promoting an ideology that is beneficial to it, but according to the law,She has no right to do such things. It follows from the Constitution that in our country it is impossible to name an obligatory ideology or choose one and designate it as the state one.

In fact, the mentioned ban applies to all officials and politicians, including the President. “Games” are also unacceptable for executive and legislative authorities. Even individuals cannot impose some ideology on others if they want to. Through such a ban, it was possible to limit the power of state institutions and the state as such.

Ideology and restrictions

When they talk about the inadmissibility of imposing an ideology on others, they consider a variety of legal entities. For example, the church also does not have the right to declare a mandatory ideology. Religion is not the only area of social life protected by law. Similarly, the norms of law protect the independence of education, culture - all areas of social life.

Ideological diversity is accompanied by a multi-party system, as it declares political pluralism. Citizens have the right to unite in groups, calling to themselves all those who have similar interests and worldview. Social, political orientation is an important basis for interactions in society. At the same time, it must be remembered that political parties are important for a democratic society and must necessarily exist in the state so that the chosen legal form is preserved, that is, the Constitution is respected.