Choosing a good seed pea is no easy task. There are a lot of varieties now. Each has not only its own advantages, but also disadvantages. On the territory of the country, brain, peeling and sugar varieties are registered and grown. All of them have different yields, resistance to pests and weather conditions.
Sowing peas: types
As we have already said, there are three main varieties of seed peas: sugar, brain and shelling. Each of them is represented by a variety of varieties, which differ in taste characteristics, nuances of cultivation. Let's talk about this in more detail.
Splitting peas
Shelling - the most popular sowing pea. It is in great demand in farms that grow this crop for further sale as grain or seed.
It has a very smooth and round shape, easily split into two halves. This quality is very valuable, because it facilitates the further process of grinding and processing on peeling machines.machines.
Sowing peas are used as animal feed. Of particular value is pea groats and peel, which have a huge amount of vitamins and high calorie content. In addition, peas are used in the food industry and to obtain starch, which the plant is rich in, but at the same time does not contain sugar. However, shelling peas are not suitable for sowing in dachas and household plots. The description of this species suggests that its taste characteristics in green form are an order of magnitude worse than other varieties. Yes, and it is difficult to implement it in small quantities.
Brain peas
Brain peas are a very popular plant and are often grown at home to make delicious beans. When ripe, the seeds have a wrinkled appearance. Because of this fact, the common pea got its name. However, it is brought to a ripe state only at seed stations. It is consumed in the green state by gardeners. Its peas are sweet, large and early ripening. As a rule, brain peas are used for preservation and for eating fresh.
Absolutely all varieties of this representative of legumes have remarkably acclimatized in our country. Therefore, the choice of variety will directly depend on the purpose of cultivation. Let's talk about the most popular varieties.
Alpha
Alfa sowing pea is an early peeling variety. With good watering, the harvest can be up to forty-five centners per hectare. Peas ripen in 85-110 days. Long podgrows up to 7 centimeters, the grains are large and round. The height of the stems is up to 15 centimeters, in fact, this is a dwarf small plant.
Atlant
Atlant is a fairly good variety with a yield of up to 55 centners per hectare. The bushes of the plant are quite high, the pod in length reaches 14 centimeters. This variety is very sweet. Pea seed variety Atlant is one of the few species that is perfect for conservation and for grain.
Viola
The Viola variety in Russia is considered the best of the mid-season, because it has a fairly high yield, is resistant to many diseases and is practically not afraid of drought. Seed peas ripen 70 days after the appearance of the first shoots. Plants reach up to 75 centimeters in height. One bush can have from 15 to 20 pods. The amount of sugar reaches 7 percent.
Emerald
But the Emerald is an early ripe variety, its yield is slightly lower in our climate zone, but it is very sweet in its green state. Pea seeds are large, irregular in shape, and therefore it is grown by farms.
Premium
Such a variety as Premium will allow you to collect the maximum yield. The fact is that up to 50 fruits are tied on one bush. With good care, this is not even a record. Plant height does not exceed 80 centimeters. The bushes grow quite voluminous, large and lush.
Tropar
This variety from the Caucasian selection has been grown for a couple of years on the territory of the Russian Federation and neighboring countries. He is good because he does not require a strongcare during growth. However, it has an average yield. Plants are not affected by pests. The variety is popular due to its unpretentiousness.
The best varieties of brain peas
The best brain varieties include:
- Belladonna is a late frost-resistant variety, so it can be planted as early as February, when the first warm weather sets in. With good care, it can give large yields. Peas are round in color, sweet and delicious.
- Debut grows well in fairly hot regions where drought is possible in spring. However, this variety has a low yield. The advantages of this species include its resistance to pests.
- Calvedon is one of the best varieties available in supermarkets. It is used for import in the industry, because it is quite sweet. Plants are resistant to powdery mildew.
- Honey is a unique variety. Contains the largest amount of sugar of all known green peas. However, experienced gardeners will be disappointed by its yield, it is very low. That is why it is grown only by amateur gardeners exclusively for personal needs.
- Sweet giant - peas with a growing season of only 60 days. The beans are large, but the plant is extremely whimsical to weather conditions, requires constant watering and does not like heat. The yield of the variety is average.
Best sugar grades
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Zhegalova 112 is a hybrid form bred in Russia. It is very popular among summer residents,because not only the beans themselves are sweet, but also the "clothes". On average, up to 50 pods are laid on each bush, much depends on watering. The variety is resistant to pests, but needs to be treated with chemicals.
- Inexhaustible - A drought tolerant variety that has large pods. The wings are also very sweet and are used for food. One pod contains up to 9 seeds.
- Rubchik is a sweet hybrid (up to 12 percent sugar), perfectly acclimatized in Russia. This is a fairly productive variety with good watering.
- Sugar 2 is a late sweet variety with excellent taste characteristics. The beans are firm and sweet, good for vegetable and fruit salads.
- The first-born has very large bushes (up to 120 centimeters in height, and sometimes more), from which it is easy and convenient to harvest. Plants are unpretentious to drought, withstand frost, but need to be treated with chemicals.
Which variety to choose when planting?
If you first decided to plant peas in your backyard, then you need to approach the choice of variety wisely. You need to understand that productivity is not at all the main indicator. It all depends on care, watering and timely pest control.
When choosing a variety, consider which region you live in, what are the weather conditions in your area. In addition, it is better to take the seeds of those plants that are adapted to your climate. As a rule, overseas seeds are not well behaved.show in other people's conditions. You need to purchase proven varieties that have been sown in your area for several years and have managed to prove themselves from the best side. After all, not all plants feel equally good in different regions.
How to grow peas?
Peas are cold-resistant crops, and therefore its sowing can be started in early spring. This crop can be grown after any vegetables. The only condition is a large amount of humus. But peas are not picky about nitrogen.
On the roots of plants, as well as on many other legumes, nodule bacteria develop and live, which are able to assimilate atmospheric nitrogen. If you are at some site for the first time, then you can add a special drug "Nitragin" when sowing along with the seeds. It will help plants develop well initially without nitrogen starvation. It is good to apply rotted compost or humus, nitrogen and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers under peas.
It makes sense to fertilize the soil well for peas. Planted areas, prepared and processed in advance, give excellent yields, and the beans themselves have a sweeter and more delicate taste.
Sowing peas: characteristics of plants
It should be noted that peas are an annual plant, cold-resistant, with a short growing season. Therefore, it pleases with fruits even in the northern regions. Under favorable conditions, the root system reaches one meter, but most of the strongly branching roots are near the surface. The stems of the plant branch little,in length reach from 50 centimeters to several meters. They are completely hollow inside. The tendrils of the pea seed help it rise up. In the presence of supports or a net, the whips curl high enough, clinging to each other.
Flowers appear in the leaf axils. Common peas, the leaves of which consist of four small parts, end with tendrils. However, some varieties do not have a leaf part at all, only one antennae, while others do the opposite. At the base of small leaves there are so-called stipules, which are much larger than the leafy part itself. Such an unusual appearance has a sowing pea. The flower of the plant is quite typical for legume representatives. Outwardly, it resembles a moth. Flowers may be solitary, but are usually collected in inflorescences. Each has 5 petals. The most common color is white. But there are pink, purple, purple.
An interesting fact is that the pollination of a flower occurs when it is still closed. The share of cross-pollination is only one percent. So that the crop does not depend on insects. In addition, this property allows you to keep pure varieties, since the option of cross-pollination is practically excluded.
Proper sowing of seeds
Seeds before planting should be soaked in a solution of water with microfertilizers. They are sown in rows, the distance between which is 45 centimeters. Plants should be at a distance of 20 centimeters from each other. Seeds are sown to a depth of up to 3 centimeters in light soil, and in heavy soil they can be planted in smaller grooves, but then the ground needs to be from above.crush with straws or cover with small twigs.
The first shoots appear in a couple of weeks. Sugar varieties grow quite slowly at first, so they will be clogged with grass. During this period, plants need weeding.
A little later, you need to put the tapestries at a distance of half a meter. The plants will climb up and hold on tightly to the net, this will prevent the wind from laying seedlings, and it will be easier for you to harvest. And green peas look very good on the site.
As for care, it comes down to watering and weeding. Plants begin to bear fruit depending on the variety, this period, with careful care, stretches up to 35-40 days.
We hope that our article will be useful to you when choosing a variety of peas for home cultivation in home gardens, as well as tips on planting seeds. We wish you good luck and good harvests.
