Alexander Ivanovich (real middle name Isaakievich) Solzhenitsyn is a writer, author of poems, essays, playwright, public figure and politician. Throughout his life he worked in the USSR, USA, Switzerland and Russia. Alexander Solzhenitsyn actively opposed the policies of communism and the Soviet regime. Was a dissident. His works were banned in the Soviet Union for a long time. In 1970, the writer was awarded the Nobel Prize. In the article we will tell about his life and death and find out where Solzhenitsyn is buried.
The last days of a great man
Alexander Ivanovich Solzhenitsyn died at the age of ninety in the city of Moscow. Until his last hours, he continued to work despite the fact that he was ill. With the help of his wife, he worked on a collected works, which consisted of thirty volumes.
Before his death, Alexander Ivanovich edited the chapters of the historical cycle called "The Red Wheel". By this time, only the first volumes were ready, the writer was very afraid that he would not have time to finishyour work.
The author was, according to relatives, an insecure and self-doubting person. Alexander Ivanovich had the ability to see and admit his mistakes. For this reason, he considered The Red Wheel incomprehensible to the reader, and therefore he corrected and modified it many times.
Hard way of life
Alexander Solzhenitsyn was born on December 11, 1918 - a year after the October Revolution. He is a native of Kislovodsk. The father died hunting a few months before the birth of the boy. Sasha was brought up by her mother Taisiya Zakharovna.
Ever since childhood, Sasha differed from his peers in his life position. Despite the fact that it was the era of atheism, the boy was baptized in the Kislovodsk Orthodox Church. At the age of seven, Sasha Solzhenitsyn and his mother moved to Rostov-on-Don. They did not live well.
In elementary school, Alexander was often attacked by classmates for wearing a cross and going to church. Later, the reason for ridicule was the refusal to join the pioneers. In 1936, under pressure, he was forced to join the ranks of the Komsomol. In high school, the young man became interested in literature, history and social activities. In 1941 he graduated from Rostov State University, where he left as a researcher in the field of mathematics and as a teacher.
Sentence
Solzhenitsyn was arrested for the first time in 1945 while at the front in the ranks of the Soviet army, where he showedreal heroism, was repeatedly presented for awards and held the position of commander, being in the rank of captain. The reason for the detention was Solzhenitsyn's correspondence with a school friend. In his messages, the writer spoke unflatteringly about Stalin, mentioning him under a pseudonym. The result was a sentence of eight years in prison and a life sentence.
In 1952, Solzhenitsyn was diagnosed with cancer. The operation was carried out right in the prison. Fortunately, the disease has receded. Later, Alexander Ivanovich spoke about this in his works, where he described all the horrors and torments that he had to endure.
Creativity
The first work that was published is "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich". In order for the story to be published, Alexander Tvardovsky had to put in a lot of work. And so, it happened - the essay was published in one of the issues of the Novy Mir magazine in 1962. In the late sixties, the same publication published four more works by the author. Everything else was forbidden. Unpublished compositions were copied by hand and distributed illegally.
In 1967, Alexander Ivanovich Solzhenitsyn took a decisive step and wrote a message to the Congress of Writers, in which he urged them to abandon censorship. From that moment on, the creator was severely persecuted.
In 1969, Solzhenitsyn was expelled from the Writers' Union, and a year later he won the Nobel Prize. The author was able to receive his award only in 1974, when he was expelled from his country. The reason for thiswas the publication abroad, namely in France, of the work "The Gulag Archipelago: An Experience of Artistic Research". For twenty years, a talented writer was forced to live away from his homeland.
In 1984, Solzhenitsyn's works began to be published again in Russia. In 1990, Alexander Ivanovich was returned to the citizenship of the Soviet Union. In 1994, the writer was able to return to his native land.
Departure
Throughout his difficult journey, Alexander Ivanovich Solzhenitsyn demonstrated amazing fortitude and fortitude in the face of trials. He resisted the regime and, at the same time, managed to survive and survive. It is rare for anyone to succeed. But no matter how hardy and strong a person is, his time on earth will eventually expire.
Alexander Ivanovich Solzhenitsyn died on August 3, 2008 in Moscow. As it turned out from the words of his son, the cause of death of an outstanding writer was heart failure. With his departure, a certain era in literary creativity ended.
Funeral
To see Solzhenitsyn on his last journey, among others, came the President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev. He expressed condolences to the family of the writer. The ceremony passed quietly, without speeches. Near the coffin were Solzhenitsyn's widow, his sons and grandchildren. Many representatives from the sphere of politics came to say goodbye to the outstanding figure.
In front of the cathedral, where the funeral took place, more than a thousand gatheredHuman. Many journalists could not get to the place of the mourning ceremony, as they did not have proper accreditation.
To the place where Solzhenitsyn was buried, the coffin was moved and accompanied by a guard of honor. This was accompanied by religious chants.
Where Solzhenitsyn is buried
Strange as it may seem, the writer does not rest on the territory of the Novodevichy cemetery, where the graves of famous representatives of art are located. Why did this happen and who chose the place where Solzhenitsyn is buried. There are many cemeteries in Moscow, so why this one?
The fact is that Alexander Ivanovich prepared for his death in advance, in a Christian way. The cemetery where Solzhenitsyn was later buried, he chose for his burial himself. His attention was attracted by the Moscow Donskoy Monastery.
Five years before his death, Alexander Ivanovich turned to the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Alexy II with a request to be buried there and received a blessing for this. Near the place where Solzhenitsyn was buried, there is the grave of Vasily Klyuchevsky. Alexander Ivanovich considered himself his follower. That is why he chose this place. You can clearly see the grave where Solzhenitsyn is buried in the photo below.
The deceased was buried in the Great Cathedral of the Donskoy Monastery in accordance with all the rules of Orthodoxy. The service was officiated by Archbishop Alexy.
The grave where Alexander Solzhenitsyn is buried is located in the central part of the old cemetery of the monastery. Many prominent figures are also buried in this area.history of Russia, such as the princes Trubetskoy, Dolgoruky, Golitsyn. In the cemetery where Solzhenitsyn is buried, some Russian emigrants found their last refuge. After their death, their ashes were transported from abroad to their native land.
