The capital of the Russian Federation Moscow is the largest city in Europe. As of 2017, 12.3 million people live in this city. And this is without taking into account the huge number of illegal workers from neighboring republics. The administrative division of Moscow is complex, due to the special status of the city and the large population. It acquired its modern look after the reforms of 1991, when the districts were merged into districts.
Organization of municipal government
Moscow is the political and economic center of the Russian Federation. Therefore, the municipal government in the capital should be thought out to the smallest detail. The administrative division of Moscow includes districts, districts and settlements. The new system was installed in accordance with the 1991 reforms. Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the administrative division of Moscow included 33 districts. All of them were relatively autonomous units and couldindependently choose the course of their socio-economic development. However, after the collapse of the USSR, such a system was recognized as ineffective.
The self-government reform of 1991 was designed to eliminate problems associated with the availability of power and control over the development of territories. As a result, 10 districts were identified. They included existing areas, many of which were previously divided into several smaller ones. Prefectures became the main body of executive power in administrative districts, and councils in districts. It is believed that the new three-tier management system has improved coordination and brought government bodies closer to local residents. Between 1991 and 2017, two more districts were formed. Thus, today there are 12 of them, they include 125 districts. During the implementation of the project to expand the territory of the capital in 2012, settlements were also allocated. To date, there are 21.
South District
Most Muscovites live here. The population of the Southern District as of January 1, 2016 is 1.774 million. In terms of area, it is only in fifth place. It is limited by the Bitsevsky forest, the valleys of the Kotlovka and Moscow rivers and Leninsky Prospekt. If we consider the administrative division of Moscow by districts, then the South includes 16 districts. A large number of research centers and industrial enterprises are located on its territory. This district is considered the most comfortable in Moscow. Here are equippednumerous parks and squares where residents of the capital like to relax. Natural monuments of local significance are also located here. Among them are Arshanovsky, Tsaritsynsky park and Zagorye. Also on the territory of the Southern District there are architectural monuments, nature reserves, Orthodox churches and museums.
Oriental
If we consider the administrative division of Moscow, then this district is in second place in terms of population. It is home to 12.16% of Muscovites or 1.505 million people. It is in third place in terms of area. This district occupies 154.84 square kilometers or 6.13% of the territory of the capital. It is limited by the Moscow Ring Road, Losiny Ostrov, Ryazan and Yaroslavl railway lines. This is one of the most environmentally friendly counties. There are many green spaces and parks. It is on the territory of the Eastern District that the world-famous Cherkizovsky Market is located.
Southwestern
This district is in third place in terms of population. Its share in the total number of residents of the capital is 11.52%. Considering the administrative-territorial division of Moscow, one cannot but pay attention to the area occupied by each district. According to this indicator, Yugo-Zapadny is in eighth place. Many industrial enterprises of citywide importance are located here. For example, the plant "Cheryomushki", which is engaged in the production of bakery and confectionery products. South-West is also rich in cultural objects.
Novomoskovsky
Consideration of a question such asThe administrative division of Moscow would be incomplete without taking into account the characteristics of the least populated districts. In the penultimate place in this indicator - Novomoskovsky. In terms of area, it is in second place. This district was formed during the implementation of the project to expand the capital in 2012. It has 11 settlements. The administrative division of the city of Moscow today includes three types of entities. During the transitional period, a common prefecture operates in the Novomoskovsky and Troitsky districts. It is assumed that the city of Moscow will become the center of the first in the future. However, today the common prefecture is located in Troitsk. About a hundred enterprises operate in the district. Among the main attractions of Novomoskovskoe are the estates "Izvarino" and "Milyukovo", the Church of John the Baptist and the Orthodox cross in Shcherbinka.
Trinity
This county is the last in terms of population. Less than 1% of Muscovites live in it. Like the previous one, it was formed in 2012. In terms of occupied area, Troitsky is in first place. Its share in the total territory of the capital is 42.92%. The main city of the district is Troitsk, which has the status of a science city. There are 10 research centers here. About 5 thousand inhabitants of this city work in the field of science. The high level of education of the local population determines the large number of cultural events held in Troitsk. The priority is the construction of a universitycampus of the Higher School of Economics. In the future, an intensive growth in the population of the city and the district as a whole is expected due to the development of the scientific and educational sphere.
