The Yakhroma River in the Moscow Region: description, source, mouth

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:46

The Yakhroma River is located in the Moscow region. It is a right tributary of the Sestra River; two relatively large cities stand on it - Dmitrov and Yakhroma. We will talk in detail about the features of this river, its tributaries and hydrology.

Hydrology

The Yakhroma River before the construction of the Moscow Canal had a length of 78 kilometers. It flows into the Sestra River near the village of Ust-Pristan. At present, it is divided by a canal into two approximately equal parts. The upper one goes from the sources to the Yakhroma reservoir, and to the north from the Tourist station, which belongs to the Savelovskaya railway. The lower part of the river begins in the western part of the canal, where water is discharged from the canal and merges with the waters of its two tributaries - the Iksha and the Volgushi.

The source of the Yakhroma River is located in the swamp area near the village of Martyankovo, located in the Pushkinsky district. After that, it goes along the slopes of the Klin-Dmitrov ridge, flows along a narrow valley to the north of the region. In the Dmitrov region, it turns out to be on a peaty basin up to eight kilometers wide. In this basin, peat occurs at a depth of up to 14 meters; it was formed in the pre-glacial period,now it is called the Yakhroma floodplain. The researchers called such valleys pradolin.

After about 25 kilometers downstream, the floodplain merges with the valley of the Sestra River, turning into the Upper Volga Lowland. The Yakhroma River itself belongs to the flat type, it receives food mainly from snow. Freezes around November, and opens in March or April.

The mouth of the Yakhroma River is located near the village of Ust-Pristan, Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Region. It belongs to the Bolsherogachevsky rural district.

Since 1912, the drainage of the Yakhroma floodplain began. Three years later, an experimental scientific station began to function here, now it is the Dmitrovsky department of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands. The work carried out at the station made a significant contribution to the study of the origin and properties of reclaimed peatlands.

Tributaries

The Yakhroma River itself, which is described in this article, has several tributaries of different sizes. This is the 40-kilometer Volgusha River, which flows from the Nerskoye Lake, flowing into the Yakhroma near the Tourist station.

The Ilyinka River flows two kilometers north of the village of Lugovoi. Its length is about 14 kilometers. Now it has been mostly turned into a canal, but even in this state it remains attractive to tourists, thanks to the swamps that stretch along its banks, as well as dense forests. But for visiting by land, Ilyinka remains inaccessible almost all year round.

One morea tributary is the Kamarikh River, which stretches from the village of Melikhovo to the intersection of the Yakhroma Canal named after Moscow. Its total length is about 11 kilometers. Mostly Kamarikh is covered with moraine hills, wooded areas deeply cut into the valley create corners of nature almost untouched by man, which attracts a large number of tourists.

The Kukholka River is the right tributary of the Yakhroma, flowing into it five kilometers north of the village of Gorshkovo. Numerous holiday villages of the Moscow region are scattered on the banks. In the southern part, it flows through treeless wetlands. The kitchenette is of no interest to tourists.

Sister River

Yakhroma itself is a tributary of the Sister. This is a larger river flowing through the territory of the Klin, Solnechnogorsk, Dmitrovsky districts, as well as in the Tver region. In the Moscow region, it passes through the city of Klin, and in the lower reaches it passes under the Moscow Canal.

The total length of the river is about 138 kilometers, and the basin area is more than two and a half thousand square kilometers. The river is fed mainly by snow. The Yakhroma is its main tributary.

Local Attractions

There are many attractions on the banks of the Yakhroma River. However, tourists are only interested in the upper reaches of the river.

The fact is that after the canal, the river flows through wetlands and is actually straightened by the canal. It enjoys a certain popularity among fans of kayaking, who, starting from the bottomcurrents of Yakhroma, go on a hike along Dubna and Sestra.

Fishing

Fishing is extremely popular on the Yakhroma reservoir. It is quite shallow (the average depth is about three meters), but it is quite extensive. The most diverse fish are found here in large numbers. These are perch, roach, pike, bream - they regularly come here to feed from the Moscow Canal. In Yakhroma, there are mainly small perch, but the pike comes across very large, weighing up to three or four kilograms.

Mass bite here starts only from the first ice and during spring thaws. It is worth noting that according to the new fishing rules in force on the Moscow Canal, spawning areas in Yakhroma are considered to be the distance from the source to the mouth, as well as the Yakhroma reservoir itself, 50 meters deep into the water area along the entire coastline. For this reason, recreational fishing is strictly prohibited in these areas.

City of the same name

In the Dmitrovsky district, the Yakhroma River flows through the territory of the city of the same name. It is located 55 kilometers from Moscow, the population is slightly less than 15 thousand people. The bridge, located far from residential areas, is the only link between the two parts of the city.

It is believed that the name of the city and the river comes from the expression "lake river" in the already extinct Meryan language (a variety of the Finno-Ugric dialect). It is noteworthy that there is also an anecdotal version of the origin titles. According to one of the toponymic legends, the name of the Yakhroma River was explained as follows. Once upon a time, the Grand Duchess, who was driving through these places with Prince Vsevolod, stumbled, getting out of the wagon, shouting after that: "I'm lame."

From the beginning of the 2000s, in Yakhroma itself and on the banks of the river, to which our article is devoted, a boom in summer cottage construction began.

Port on channel

Also on Yakhroma is the city of Dmitrov, which is also a fairly large port on the Moscow Canal. It is located 65 kilometers from the capital, and about 68 thousand people live in it.

In the Yakhroma valley, Dmitrov was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky back in 1154. Previously, Slavic settlements existed here. It got its name in honor of the son of the prince, who was born in the same year, Vsevolod the Big Nest (at baptism he received the name Dmitry).

There are several iconic buildings near the river. For example, one of the earliest examples of a stone residential building is the house of the merchant Titov, built in the classical style. When it appeared, it is not known exactly, but the building can already be found on Dmitrov's plan from 1800. It is located between the canal and Yakhroma. In the second half of the 19th century, the house belonged to the mayor Yemelyanov.

But across the Yakhroma River used to be the estate of the Tolchenovs grain merchants, merchants of the first guild. Only the house built according to Osipov's design in 1788, an outbuilding and the remains of the garden have survived to this day. The estate is also known as Tugarin's house, as it became known afterwas sold to a merchant with that surname. In the middle of the 19th century, it fell into decay, the outbuilding and the house were restored only in the 60-70s of the 20th century.

Water system

The water system, which includes this river, can be considered quite extensive. Flowing into the Sestra River, it carries its waters to Dubna, from there it flows into the Volga, and then into the Caspian Sea.

Mystic River

You can find many mysterious and mystical stories dedicated to Yakhroma. In its vicinity, holidays are often held according to Old Slavonic customs with round dances, ancient rituals, old songs, with the participation of the Magi.

Eyewitnesses say that, going for a walk at night, for example, on the day of the autumn equinox, you can see a thick fog rising above the river, which rapidly covers all nearby meadows and banks. Then some see a foggy arch about five meters high, similar to a lunar rainbow, as it shimmers with all the colors of the rainbow. The main thing is that when returning from such a walk in the fog, you can find out that time literally stops, some tourists lost up to an hour and a half.

Some say that when approaching Yakhroma, they got into such a heavy fog that it was completely impossible to make out the road. And then the driver seemed to have a vision, the road appeared clearly, but as if it was a toy. Of course, try to explain the changed depth of vision in extreme situations, but why some people begin to see through the fog, approaching Yakhroma, remains so.unknown.

From this we can conclude that the river is fraught with many secrets and secrets, which attracts even more tourists and travelers who like to pitch tents on its banks, spending time in peace and quiet with friends and closest people. The surroundings of this river are one of the few places in the Moscow region where this type of tourism is still possible. In addition, you can still fish here to your heart's content, with a certain amount of luck, set the table exclusively from river gifts caught with a fishing rod on the shore. Despite certain environmental problems, Yakhroma remains a fairly clean and safe reservoir in this regard. So those who want to relax here need to hurry up.