Oymyakonye is a territory known to the whole world as the pole of cold (the lowest temperature is -71.2 degrees). In addition, the largest temperature fluctuation on earth is recorded here - on average from 61 with a minus sign to 39 with a plus sign. This territory is located between two ridges - Chersky and Suntar-Khayat. In the basin between them in 1931, the Oymyakonsky ulus (district) was created. The reason for its occurrence is the richest reserves of gold, tungsten, tin, arsenic, antimony, mercury and other rare minerals.
Location of the settlement
Toward the north, where the Nera River flows into the Indigirka, is Ust-Nera, an urban-type settlement that since 1954 has become the regional center of the ulus and the largest settlement of Oymyakonya. The founder of the village, as well as several other settlements in northeastern Yakutia and Kalyma, was the Soviet geologist Valentin Alexandrovich Tsaregradsky (July 24, 1902-1990). Shortly before the war, a seaplane with geologists on board arrived at the mouth of the Nera. August 6, 1937 is consideredday of the founding of the village of Ust-Nera.
Founder of Ust-Nera
Valentin Alexandrovich, who was the first to set foot on this earth, is very revered in these places - a street was named after him. The expedition fruitfully worked until 1941 - many gold deposits were explored, and in 1942 the first mines were opened. In addition, this year, reconnaissance work was carried out at the future tungsten mining enterprise "Alyaskitovoye", where during the war years, prisoners-"Vlasovites" attempted to assassinate V. Tsaregradsky when he was inspecting underground workings. The famous geologist miraculously survived.
Builders of mines and settlements
Of course, there were prison camps everywhere in Yakutia. Roads were laid by their hands, including the Magadan tract, mines were created (they also mined gold) and housing facilities were erected. The village of Ust-Nera owes its first school (1945-1946) to prison builders. In those days, the entire settlement was surrounded by barbed wire, because it was they who worked at many facilities. According to the documents of the Memorial Society, from 1949 to 1957, Indigirlag was located in this village.
Years of successful development
In 1938, Dalstroy was established - a trust for managing road and industrial construction in Kalyma. In the village of Ust-Nera in 1944, the Indigirsk GPU, belonging to Dalstroy, was located (liquidated in 1957). The settlement itself was surrounded by impenetrable swamps. In 1945, it comes into operationpower plant, and in 1946 Ust-Nera receives its industrial current, and telephone installation of the village immediately begins.
In 1950, this settlement, located in the north-east of Yakutia, received the title of an urban-type settlement. But not only the harsh climate makes this place difficult to live in. The Indigirka, which is the coldest river on the planet, carries many dangers during floods. The floods of 1951, 1959 and 1967 were terrible - the water rose to the second floor of the old school (the new one was built in 1974), flooded food warehouses. After the flood of 1959, the banks of the wayward river began to be strengthened. The population of the village of Ust-Nera grew steadily and in 1989 reached 12.5 thousand people. Local residents were the first to watch TV (1971) in Yakutia. In 1978, a concrete bridge was built across the Indigirka.
Tough times for the industry
The harsh years of perestroika also affected this promising area. The mines began to close, the population began to decline steadily, and already in 2010, 8.4 thousand people lived here. Now the social policy of the federal authorities, including in relation to Yakutia, is the most important direction of the state's activity. Special programs are being developed to help stop the outflow of the population. Much is being done to make promising industrial areas attractive to new settlers.
Realities of our days
Not bypassedattention and the village of Ust-Nera. Yakutia (Republic of Sakha) pays great attention to youth policy. Now a mining and processing gold mining plant is operating in the village. This is a city-forming enterprise. In addition, there is an airport, a modern clinic and hospital, a sports complex with a swimming pool and a stadium. Actually, everything that characterizes the modern regional center is in the village of Ust-Nera. Reviews about him, of course, are very different. Pessimists claim that the village is dying. Optimists list the beautiful buildings of Sakhatelecom State Enterprise and Metallurg Palace of Culture, new buildings of the Pegasus Medical Center and the Sever Cinema. There are banks, hotels, a city museum, modern shops, markets and kindergartens.
