Reform is change controlled and planned by the ruling elite. They tend to cover the most important societal parameters. Reform is a process that affects the political, cultural, social, economic sphere of the country. Changes are usually aimed at increasing public energy through modernization, reducing disorganization, and overcoming the state of discomfort. Reform is an event that results in a deeper (new) consensus. As a result, as a rule, it is possible to avoid a catastrophe. It is very important! Reform is an attempt to eliminate a sociocultural contradiction, the effectiveness of which is achieved through the introduction of new ideas and appropriate relationships.
Features of the reform process in Russia
Those or other changes in the country are carried out, as noted, by the ruling elite. Transformations can affect private areas. So, for example, the government can reform he alth care, courts, the army, education and other areas. As a rule, changes are perceived by the government as a need for modernization and economic development. The forces of traditionalism, on the other hand, consider transformations as a downward shift of the center of power, a kind of leveling, a source ofincrease in benefits of various kinds. As historical practice shows, the people expect a miracle from the changes. So, for example, the land reform and other transformations of 1861 eventually led to the restoration of serfdom in full and large-scale terror. Liberalism in the changes provoked some discomfort, which, in turn, gave impetus to the establishment of statehood, capable of equalizing everything.
Factors provoking reform in Russia
One of the main prerequisites for the beginning of the transformation is considered the identity of the country, the specifics of its historical development. These factors in one or another period of the existence of the state provoked a split in the system of power. This inevitably entailed destruction within the culture, violations in social relations. The split begins to take on endless cultural and social forms. Destruction is present in the very activity of people. This is reflected in the mixing of the desire to keep social relations and culture unchanged and change them at the same time. In this regard, there is a need to evaluate the reform, applying a dual position: to reduce the split by increasing it. The driving force behind the transformation is an increase in the mass state of discomfort. In other words, there is an increase in the idea that previously comfortable, acceptable, habitual "native" social relations, the socio-cultural environment are becoming dangerous, hostile, alien. This puts before the reform the task of reducing, weakening thisa process that could threaten to increase discontent, developing into mass disorganization and, probably, into a social catastrophe. In this case, the assessment of transformations is carried out through a dual opposition: through an increase in the state of comfort.
