Economic and mathematical methods are currently widely used and are an important direction in improving the analysis of the activities of economic entities, as well as their divisions. This can be achieved by reducing the timing of the study, in-depth characterization of the factors, as well as by replacing complex calculations with simpler ones. In addition, multidimensional tasks are set and solved in the process, which are simply impossible to perform using traditional methods or manually.
Mathematical methods of economic analysis require:
1) systematic approaches to the study of the economic activity of enterprises, as well as taking into account all interrelated areas in various areas of the organization's management;
2) to develop a set of economic and mathematical models that reflect the characteristics of the tasks and processes in quantitative terms;
3) improve the reporting system on economic activityenterprises;
4) availability of automated systems that are responsible for processing, storing and transmitting the data necessary to apply the methods;
5) organization of specially trained personnel, which will consist of mathematicians, programmers, economists, operators, etc.
The task set can be formulated in an appropriate way and solved using economic and mathematical methods. The statistics are also widespread. Its methods are used when the analyzed indicators change randomly. Statistical methods help solve problems that require a forecast.
The application of mathematics in economics is due to an increase in the efficiency of the analysis of the enterprise's activities due to the fact that the expansion of the studied factors and the rationale for decisions are used. There is also a choice of the best options for the use of resources and the identification of reserves to improve the efficiency of production and labor output.
Economic and mathematical methods can be conditionally divided into 4 groups:
1) accurate optimization;
2) approximate;
3) exact non-optimization;
4) approximate.
The use of these methods for analyzing the activities of an enterprise helps to get a clear idea of the object under study, quantitatively describe and characterize its external relations and internal structure. Economic and mathematical methodsused primarily in modeling. The sample that is finally obtained is a model of the object of study. The subject of management creates it with the display of characteristics: properties, relationships, structural and functional parameters of the object, etc.
Unfortunately, in economic and mathematical modeling, a situation may arise when the object under study has a complex structure. As a result, it is difficult to create a sample that will cover all the features of the system under study. An example is the economy of an economic entity as a whole.
