This article will discuss what are the main types of political regimes. Most ordinary people do not think about the various features of the form of government, the ideology of the political regime. So let's get started.
The concept and types of political regimes
The political regime is a set of ways, methods of exercising power in the state by the political elite. This term is diverse, because every political scientist or other scientist, as well as an ordinary person, has his own view on understanding political reality.
Studying the main types of the political regime is very important and relevant due to various processes in society. For example, Stalin and Hitler allowed the country to have a rather nice and romantic constitution with completely democratic provisions. But did it compare with reality? The treatment of people was terrible, they could simply be killed, burned in an oven, imprisoned, sent to a concentration camp. Therefore, it is real activity, deeds that characterize the political regime. Types of political regimes are divided intodemocratic and non-democratic.
Nondemocratic has its subspecies: authoritarianism and totalitarianism. In this regard, opening the textbook on the paragraph "What are the main types of political regimes?", You will find the following classification: democracy, authoritarian regime and totalitarianism.
In principle, the features of democracy are more or less clear, but what about the difference between the other two terms? The main difference lies in the scope of penetration. The totalitarian regime affects all social areas - from how to speak, think, dress, read, and even how to have sex. Authoritarianism penetrates the political sphere of society, that is, you can calmly dress as you wish, go to your favorite cafes, but if you have a desire for fair elections, criticism of the actions of the authorities, shout about the oppression of rights and freedoms, then the state will quickly silence you.
Below we will compare according to some criteria so that we can form knowledge about what are the main types of political regimes.
On whom the regime is based, its foundation
Democracy is based on the will of the majority of the population. In other words, it is the power of the majority. In such states, people support democratic initiatives.
Totalitarianism is based on the marginalized, the poor and poor sections of urban residents and semi-criminal elements. Let's take, for example, the October Revolution, because the sailors and soldiers who believed in the Bolshevik ideology became the performers,clear propaganda action.
Defenders of the authoritarian regime are civil servants, police, officials, the army, the church. Look at the news stories: if the role of the security forces is significant in your country, and civil servants have great power, using it for their own purposes, you live in authoritarianism.
The main types of the political regime have such a base.
What about the rights and freedoms of citizens?
Democracy is just built on the fact that the rights and freedoms of citizens flourish and become sacred. If someone somewhere violates the rights of minorities, women or any other communities, there will be a lot of screaming and they will be loud. Democrats believe that a free person can bring many benefits to the state, living and developing in a full-fledged society.
Totalitarian countries are very fond of declaring, legislating rights and freedoms, but this is just paper and empty words. Try it, joke about power. Expulsion from school, party, dismissal from work - this is the best thing that can happen to you. The worst scenario for a joker is to be shot and send his family to a concentration camp.
The authoritarian regime has a constitution in which everything is very beautifully spelled out, but the legislation only works for the state and officials associated with it. If you knocked down a person at the crossing - sit down if the deputy did it - there are many ways to hush up the case.
After this analysis, your understanding of what the main types of political regimes should be expanded, but we continue further.
Regime and party system
Democracies allow many parties to exist. It doesn't matter how many, even thousands. Of course, all these organizations cannot come to power, but please register.
The totalitarian regime provides for only one party, the only and officially permitted. She is a state. It is strictly forbidden to create others, but if you want to try, then get ready to become a convict in a concentration camp, because the leader will not forgive you for this.
Authoritarianism welcomes the existence of several parties, but the ruling and leading will be pleasing to the state. The mayor of the city will definitely be a representative of the ruling party.
Economic features in different modes
In a democracy, the economy is market, and private property is very important and indestructible. Naturally, there is both state and mixed property, but market relations rule the roost.
Under a totalitarian regime, the entire economic region is subordinate to the state, and you will not find any private cafes or shops. The economy is in the interests of the country.
Authoritarianism allows the existence of two types of property: private (small and medium businesses) and state (large and important factories and plants).
Features of ideology
Democratic country will not criminalize you for different views. Nothing and no one should prevent you from expressing your personal opinion. If this happens, go to court and prove your case.
In totalitarianism there is only one - single and correct - ideology, which can be used to explain everything. All dissidents are declared enemies of the people.
The authoritarian regime is cunning in this regard. Other ideologies seem to be allowed, but only one is approved and imposed everywhere and everywhere.
After reading the article, you should have a good idea of what types of political regimes are and their features.
