Combat coherence is one of the most important conditions affecting the cohesion and combat effectiveness in the army team. The clear and coordinated actions of the personnel performing drills with and without weapons are considered its brightest indicator.
What are drills for?
Combat techniques with and without weapons are necessary to maintain order, organization and discipline in the army team.
As a result, a tactically trained unit is characterized by resistance to prolonged stress, speed and accuracy in the execution of commands and signals, skillful and well-coordinated actions in combat conditions. Performing combat techniques with and without weapons teaches each soldier to unquestioningly obey the commander. Also, personnel acquire the following qualities:
- Correct and fast execution of commands.
- The habit of maintaining an exemplary appearance.
- Collective responsibility, mutual assistance, serious behavior both in the ranks and out of it.
Tactical combat techniques with weapons are necessary for the coherence of the actions of a company or battalion in possible combat conditions. The drill charter contains a combat training program, which indicates all the rules and regulations regarding tactical drill exercises for the entire training period. The combat coherence of each unit is assessed by specially appointed inspectors.
Features of conducting classes
One tactical training lesson takes three or four training questions, each of which is divided into separate elements. At the very end of the work, they are connected and worked out together. When carrying out receptions with the formation, the commander must clearly and briefly give commands and orders. For conducting drill exercises, a drill parade ground or a specially equipped site is used.
Starting classes
Classes begin with the disclosure of the topic "Combat techniques and movement without weapons", where military personnel get acquainted with the elements of the system. They will learn what "flank", "line", "front", "interval", "closed" and "open formation" means. Combat techniques and movement without weapons are performed after the command given by the commander. For this, in addition to the order by voice, flags and lanterns can be used. The commander can also give a hand signal.
Combat techniques on the spot without weapons
After the commands "Socks together!" and "Toes apart!" military personnel must, in accordance with the task, put their heels along the front line. After the command "Stand in line!" stress-free learnersbecome in line. At the command "Attention!" privates are required to deploy socks to the width of the foot. Hands should be lowered along the body so that half-bent fingers touch the hips. The knees should be straight, the legs should not be tense. Students are required to pick up their stomach, turn their shoulders and look ahead. Exposing the chin is not recommended. Soldiers in this position are ready to act quickly.
Performance of combat techniques without weapons does not exclude possible mistakes of trainees. These include:
- Toe too narrow or too wide.
- Arms bent at the elbows.
- Head down.
- Palms turned back.
- Protruding belly.
It is also considered a mistake if the trainee transfers the weight of the body to the heels.
Unarmed combat moves performed at least five times.
Performing turns in place
Unarmed combat moves involve turning. These tasks are carried out by military personnel one by one after the commands “Left!”, “Right!”, “Round!”.
Perform these unarmed drills. Trained after the command "To the right!" must do the following:
- Turn the body to the right side. To do this, use the right heel and left toe. Performing the task, the soldier should not bend his knees. To perform this technique, it is important to learn how to turn, while maintaining the correct combat stance and hand position. It is important that the weight of the body is on the frontleg.
- Put your back foot in front of you. In this case, the socks should be deployed so that the distance between them corresponds to the width of the foot. At the command "Left!" trainees perform similar actions with the only difference that the rotation of the body occurs through the left shoulder.
Practicing the command "Circle!", the serviceman performs:
- Energetic turn to the left, using the left heel and right toe.
- The body needs to be pushed forward a little.
- Hands should be held along the body with the hands turned palms to the body.
- It is necessary to put your feet after the turn so that their socks are in the same front line. The distance between them should correspond to the width of the foot.
Students learn turns on the appropriate command. At the same time, the team itself is divided into two parts:
- Preliminary is served to the soldier in order to prepare him for action. The soldier already knows what action the commander requires of him.
- Executive is the signal to start action.
"Right!". The ending "-in" is considered the executive part of the command, after which its execution should begin.
Soldier at the expense of "One!" performs a drill step from the left foot. Hands should make one stroke in time with the movement. After the step, the trainee stops, and the arms fall along the torso. The toe of the left foot should be pulled back. It needs to be 200mm from the ground.
After the combat step, the leg should stand firmly on the ground with the whole foot. As soon as she gets to the ground, the trainee begins to lift the next leg. At the expense of "Two!" on the left foot, you need to turn to the right. The right leg is brought forward. At the same time, one wave of the hands is also made. On the count of "Three!" the left foot is attached to the right. The servicemen, taking a step from the left foot, bring their right hand forward, and the left - to the limit back. When moving with the right foot, the left hand is extended forward, and the right hand is retracted. In order to develop these movements in trainees to automatism, special exercises for the hands have been created. They are performed standing still.
How should one salute military honor on the spot?
Execute the command "Salute!" a soldier can without a headgear in place. To do this, he must be turned towards the commander in the Attention stance. If a soldier has a headdress, then the honor is given using the right hand. To do this, you need to put your fingers together so that the middle ones touch the visor. The palm when saluting military honor should be straight. The elbow of the right hand rises to shoulder height. Turning his head towards the commander, the soldier does not change the position of the hand. When the senior in rank goes further, the soldier is obliged to turn his head back. Then the hand goes down.
How is the movement saluted?
Execute the command "Salute!" a soldier may be out of action. If there is no headgear, then the distance between the soldier and the commander shouldbe six meters. Performing a movement near the authorities, you need to turn your head in his direction, and swinging your arms to the beat stops. They resume after the serviceman has passed by the commander. If a serviceman has a headgear, military honor on the move should be given with the right hand on the visor.
The left hand must be pressed to the thigh. After the commander is passed, the soldier's head is turned straight ahead, and the right hand is lowered.
Techniques for exit and return to duty
A serviceman can leave the formation only at the command of a senior in rank. Hearing his last name and the instruction "Get out of order!" (a certain number of steps is indicated), the soldier must answer: “I!” and "Yes!". Then he takes a marching step. After he has passed the front rank, the soldier is obliged to start counting the steps. Having completed their number indicated by the commander, the trainee must turn to face the formation. If the private is in the ranks, in the second row, he needs to put his left hand on the shoulder of the one in front of him so that he misses him.
You can get back in line after the command "Get in line!". The soldier must do the following:
- Turn to your commander and say "Me!".
- After the executive command, answer: "Yes!", put your hand on the visor of your headdress.
- Turn around.
- Perform the first march and lower the arm.
- Return the sameway back to service.
Weapons training
Combat techniques with weapons on the spot are performed using a machine gun. It can have both a wooden and a folding stock. Weapons must be inspected prior to the start of training. The machine must be on the safety, and the belt is adjusted to be worn in any position.
How is the machine belt adjusted?
After the commander's command "Release the belt!" or “Tighten the belt!” required from a soldier:
- Raise your right hand up (it slides along the weapon belt) and remove it from your shoulder.
- Use your left hand to pick up the weapon.
- Take the machine gun with your right hand. If the weapon has a folding butt, then it must be expanded. To do this, the left hand holds the machine gun, and the latch is retracted with the right hand and the butt leans back.
- To the right, make half a turn.
- Step your left foot out to the side. The butt of the weapon should rest against the foot of this leg. The barrel of the weapon should be located on the bend of the elbow of the right hand.
- Slight forward bend.
- Use your right hand to hold the machine belt by the buckle.
- Using your left hand, you can tighten or release the belt.
During this technique, the soldier's legs should not bend.
After completing the task, the trainee gets back to the combat position on his own.
What is a gun stance?
Combat techniques with weapons on the spot begin with familiarization of military personnelwith a military stand. It is identical to the unarmed combat stance.
There are three options for the position of the weapon in the combat stance and in motion. For each of them there is a corresponding command: “On the belt!”, “On the chest!”, “On the back!”.
At the drill stand "On the belt!" the gun is held upside down. The right hand should be in contact with the upper edge of the belt with the brush. For a light (company) machine gun, a place is provided at the foot. The right hand in this combat stance is freely lowered. The butt plate of the machine gun butt should rest against the ground, in contact with the soldier's right foot.
The same position is provided for the drill stand with a carbine as with a machine gun. With the difference that the gas pipe of the weapon must be clasped with the freely lowered right hand.
The command "On the belt!" used each time before changing the position of the machine gun or carbine. It is served before the command "On the chest!" or "On your back!".
After the command "On the belt!" the machine gun with a wooden butt must be positioned so that its muzzle is at the top. A weapon whose stock is folded, on the contrary, is located with the muzzle down.
The assault rifle should hang on the right shoulder. In this case, the soldier is obliged to bend his right arm at the elbow and press it to the body. Holding the weapon is carried out with the help of the right hand on the belt. The left hand must be lowered along the body.
Command "On the chest!"
Combat techniques with weapons include knowledge and skills of personalcomposition to wear a machine gun. Having received the command "On the chest!", A soldier armed with a weapon with a butt must perform the following actions:
- Remove the assault rifle from the belt with your right hand, and with your left hand pick it up by the fore-end. The weapon must be held in front of you in an upright position. In this case, the automatic magazine should be turned to the left, and the muzzle should be located at the height of the chin.
- Throw the belt over your head while lowering your right hand. The stock is held with the right hand.
For a soldier using a machine gun with a removable butt, the command "On the chest!" performed in two steps:
- Use your right hand to remove the weapon from your shoulder. The forearm is held with the left hand. The grip of the handguard is made from below. The magazine of the machine should be pointing down, and the muzzle should be to the left.
- Use your right hand to throw the belt over your head so that the machine hangs on your left shoulder.
Command Back
Performance of combat techniques with weapons in motion on the command "On the back!" begins after the weapon has taken the position "On the belt!". Exercises are performed using machine guns equipped with wooden or removable stocks. To do this, a soldier whose weapon has a folding stock must, holding the machine by the muzzle with his right hand, move it behind his back. The servicemen begin to learn combat techniques and movement with weapons on the command "On your back!" after the bayonet-knife is removed from the machine. After dismantling from a weapon, it shouldfasten to the belt. Learning these techniques begins with the command "Weapon behind your back!". The soldier must do the following:
- On the account of "One!" grab the machine belt with your left hand. At the same time, the right hand holds the butt down.
- On the count of "Two!" the right hand raises the weapon, and the left hand throws the belt over the head. The machine gun should hang on the left shoulder, and the arms should be kept down.
Command "To the foot!"
Combat technique "Put down your weapon!" performed by the following steps:
- The serviceman is obliged to take the machine gun with his right hand.
- Step forward with your left foot.
- Bend down and put the machine gun on the ground so that its bolt carrier is at the bottom, and the butt plate is next to the right foot.
- Stand up and stand up. To do this, the soldier needs to put the left foot back to the right.
When executing this command, students make the following mistakes:
- During the tilt bend the right leg.
- At the beginning of the reception, do not perform a full step on the left.
- Don't look straight ahead.
Servicemen armed with a carbine perform this command using the following three tricks:
- Left hand drops quickly. At the same time, the right hand clasps the fore-end of the carbine in its upper part.
- The soldier's right hand carries the carbine towards the right leg. The shutter turns to the student. The left hand in this technique is used to hold the carbine. She wraps around the bayonetweapon tube. The butt of the carbine should be in contact with the foot of the right leg. The weapon itself is located near the hip.
- The left hand drops quickly and the right hand places the weapon on the ground.
Shoulder Command
The position of the carbine or machine gun from the position "To the foot!" to the position "On the shoulder!" changes using the following tricks:
- The right hand raises and turns the weapon so that the bolt is in front. Then the machine gun or carbine is transferred to the left side, while the right hand intercepts the weapon by the handguard and forearm. The left hand moves slightly forward. An example is placed on it. As a result, he should lie on his palm with his butt pad: the thumb is located in front of the butt pad, and the rest are pressed against the butt on the left side. When using the left outstretched hand, the carbine is held on a plumb line. The elbow of the right hand should be at shoulder level.
- The right hand drops quickly, and the left hand raises the carabiner until its clip lies in the notch of the shoulder. The weapon is held without it falling to the sides. The left hand should be placed below the elbow, the butt is pressed against the belt.
Learning weapon turns and movements
Performance of combat techniques with weapons in motion is the same as without weapons. Having received the command “To the foot!”, The soldier raises the machine gun and gives the bayonet to himself. The right hand is pressed against the thigh. After turning, the weapon drops to the ground.
In the process of executing the commands "Run!", "Step!", "Stop!" students learn combattechniques and movement with weapons. So, after the command "Step!" the soldier raises his machine gun. While running, the elbow of his free left arm is bent. The weapon is in the right, which is also bent at the elbow. The machine gun or carbine muzzle should protrude forward. If the formation in which the exercises take place is closed, the bayonet turns inward.
When moving with a weapon located in the “On the back!” position, both hands of a soldier perform swing movements in front of him. If the machine is located in the positions “On the chest!”, “On the shoulder!”, “At the foot!”, The serviceman has one left hand free. She swings to the beat of the movement. After the command "Stop!" the soldier stops and independently returns the weapon to the “To the leg!” position.
After the command "On the shoulder!" the carabiner can be raised from the ground, as well as on the spot, using the same techniques. Their implementation should begin while putting the left foot to the walking right. The performance of each technique is accompanied by the obligatory attachment of the left leg.
During the movement, the machine located in the “Shoulder!” position, after the command “To the foot!” lowered using three techniques similar to the position in place. Having received the command, the serviceman must step with his right foot, put his left foot on it, and only then start performing each technique.
Features of the training of the Guard of Honor in the Russian Federation
The company of the Guard of Honor of Russia masters combat techniques with weapons using special weights for arms and legs. Training takes place every day for sixhours. When studying tactical combat techniques, military personnel do not use weapons. For training, instead of weapons, their layouts are used. One mock-up weighs ten times the original. The combat training of the Guard of Honor of the Russian Federation includes the performance of obligatory gymnastic exercises: longitudinal and transverse splits. Much attention is paid to the development of the muscles of the legs and the press. To develop the correct combat posture, wooden crosses are used in the preparation process, which are placed behind the back. A specially developed original methodology is used to train the Guard of Honor of Russia.
As a result, the combat techniques performed by the Guard of Honor are distinguished by impeccability and special expressiveness.
