Basic military training is the basis of a strong state and the formation of the national consciousness of the younger generation. The formation of basic concepts, training in tactics and technology, the ability to protect oneself if necessary are the basis of the program. A synonym for this term is pre-conscription training, which consists in presenting modern youth about military affairs.
Organization of training
Earlier, pre-conscription training was carried out on the job, classes were parallel to the main learning process. As a subject was introduced from the ninth grade. Both boys and girls of pre-conscription and military age were trained.
Teachers were selected from officers or other military personnel who retired after years of service. Officially, they were assigned the title of military leader, and they taught a class or wholegroups. On average, there were two sessions per week. During the process, training weapons were used, which were represented by small-caliber rifles or dummies of hand grenades, personal protective equipment was issued in the form of respiratory masks and gas masks, as well as radiation and chemical reconnaissance equipment and training posters with mock-ups on which to train.
Modern initial military training at school is based on the standard concept of education, but in addition to the main classes, electives and additional circles can be formed.
Program elements
The learning process can be divided into several stages. The initial stage included the definition of the armed forces and its tasks, the study of the composition, structure and division into different types of troops. Also in the classroom, the structuring of the system of military ranks and distinguishing signs were presented, the order of military service was studied.
The initial military training included the study of combat training and fire tactics. Classes were held on the theory of combat and the actions of military personnel in the process of combat, protection against weapons of mass destruction and medical training was taught. Thanks to a superficial study of the provision of first aid, it was possible to help those who were injured and injured, the charters were studied and elements of topographic training were given.
Some of the classes included engineering training and learning how to equip and camouflage military positions. Mandatory afterAfter graduation from the program, pupils or students were taken to a training camp in a military unit, where they could test their knowledge in practice and take a full-fledged course.
The combination of theoretical and practical elements helped to fully implement the initial military training program and get a quality result.
Additional Organizations
In the process of training, one could get additional training in the voluntary society for the assistance of the army of aviation and navy, whose representatives were in each regional center or district. This included courses in driving trucks, tracked vehicles, radio telegraph operators.
Also, those who wished were taught parachuting, driving a motorcycle and motorcycling, sports radio direction finding and modeling. DOSAAF was engaged not only in the military-patriotic education of young people, but also in the quality training of young men who wanted to enter military higher schools.
Modern learning
Initial military training at school today is based more on theoretical study and structuring of the acquired knowledge. They get acquainted with the general tasks and goals that the armed forces set for themselves, study the elements of the composition and structuring of the armed forces, as well as the order in which military service takes place. As for practical classes, they are held after getting acquainted with the theoretical part in the form of active educational games and sports competitions.
Modern initial militarytraining in the Russian Federation is focused on the development of physical endurance and an increase in strength indicators. Therefore, in the process of training, sports exercises and physical activity are included.
Country situation
Today, some countries have excluded initial military training from training programs, but there are a number of states where the discipline is considered basic and mandatory. These include Kazakhstan, Belarus, where the wording of pre-conscription training is used. This concept is synonymous with the main one.
In Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan, training began in 2012 and 2014. Also, the countries where the initial military training program is practiced are Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan. As for Russia, here the teaching of NVP in schools was resumed only in some secondary educational institutions.
Relevance of learning
The basics of basic military training allow students to form not only patriotism, nationalism, but also a clear understanding of their role for the state. Thanks to this discipline, self-esteem, self-confidence, a sense of usefulness and a desire to prove oneself for the good of the Fatherland are formed.
In the process of fully studying the subject, students received knowledge not only from the field of military science, but also from topography, medicine, drill and physical development. The institutions of basic military training were a stage in the formation of a disciplined patriotictuned person. After graduating from colleges and military schools, you can continue your military career.
Other States
Israel can be a model in this regard, where pre-conscription training begins at the age of 13, both boys and girls are called to it. Training is carried out by youth battalions, mandatory two-week training in military camps.
The program is structured in such a way that more attention is paid to practical exercises and the ability of students to practice their knowledge. The learning process is monitored by experts who issue conclusions on the level of training at the certification and put marks on the basis of which you can choose military speci alties.
Also in these systems there are aviation and naval sections, where students can learn not only planning, driving and control technologies, but also practice on the sites. As for the UK, here the basics of initial military training are not included in the general educational system, but are represented by voluntary organizations of schools and colleges that are aimed at the paramilitary type.
There are joint cadet units, aviation training corps, naval cadet corps. Girls and boys aged 11 to 18 are accepted here, first they are enrolled for one year, and after the expiration of the training period, they can continue.
Also, departmental management monitors progress. The process includes not only car maintenance, communications, overcoming natural obstacles and ridingriding, but also a theoretical part, where various information is provided, which will be useful for learning.
The benefits of discipline
Completing a course of initial military training helps the student to form his worldview and become more disciplined. In most cases, young men choose to continue their military career and enter military schools. From the course of military training, knowledge, universal in terms of usefulness, basic skills in medical care and orientation on the ground remain. Also, thanks to the practical blocks, physical data develops and the endurance of schoolchildren increases.
