Yenisei is one of the largest rivers in the world, flowing in Siberia. Its length is about 3.5 thousand km, and the width at the confluence with the Kara Sea is 50 km. Geographically, the Yenisei River is divided into three parts with a different flow pattern in each - these are the Upper, Lower and Middle Yenisei.
The name of the river has a different origin according to different sources. Translated from Kyrgyz, the word "enee-sai" means "mother river", and "ionesi" among the Evenks is translated as "big water". Both meanings of the name can be fully attributed to the majestic Yenisei. In the ranking of world rivers in terms of high water, it ranks seventh.
Its source is the confluence of two rivers: Ha-Kem and Bi-Kem in the Sayan Mountains, in Mongolia, at around 1400 meters above sea level. Geographically, the Yenisei divides Siberia into East and West.
The Upper Yenisei stretches from the mouth of the Sayan Mountains to the Tuba River. This part is characterized by a mountain current at a speed of up to 40 km/h and a narrow valley. The width of the river is up to 75 meters.
The Middle Yenisei originates at the mouth of the Abakan and ends at the Angara. Here the current is changeable - the mountain is replaced by the plain. In the Minusinsk region, the river slows down and forms islands 5-6 km in size. The middle Yenisei is characterized by a large number of tributaries. The largest of them is Biryusa.
The Lower Yenisei is located below the Angara, here begins its delta and the Yenisei Bay. The river ends with a group of Brekhov Islands. In Ust-Port its width reaches 20 km. The Lower Yenisei receives Kureika, Dudinka, Nizhnyaya and Podkamennaya Tunguska.
About 20 thousand rivers flow into the Siberian river, the largest of them are the Lower and Podkamennaya Tunguska, Angara, Kem, Turukhan, Kass, Elogui, Sym.
The Yenisei River flows in cities such as Krasnoyarsk, Minusinsk, Yeniseisk, Kyzyl, Sayanogorsk, Abakan, Lesosibirsk, Igarka, Dudinka.
Water regime of the Yenisei River
It is characterized by a fairly long spring flood, the appearance of summer floods. The Yenisei River is fed by rain and melt water, much less by groundwater. The ice melts by the beginning of May and reappears in early November.
Fall of the Yenisei River
The height difference between the source and the mouth is a fall. At the Yenisei, this value is about one and a half kilometers.
Fishing
The Yenisei River has always attracted fishermen with its variety of fish species. There are such species of salmon and sturgeon as nelma, sturgeon, omul, whitefish, muksun, sterlet. There are many other diverse species: pike, taimen, perch, burbot, crucian carp. But the number of fish here is still less than in other rivers, which is associated with a high flow rate, an undeveloped floodplain, and a rocky channel. Beautifully described the beauty of the river and all the subtletiesSiberian fishing in the works of the great writer V. P. Astafiev.
The Yenisei has a well-developed shipping and shipping industry. But it is more convenient to pass here for ships that sit shallowly. Cargo from Europe is brought to the port of Yeniseisk.
The Yenisei River is relatively densely populated in its middle part and very rarely in its lower reaches. The main part of the population is Russian, but indigenous peoples live here too - Tungus, Ostyaks, Dolgans and Yuraks.
