Russia is a politically free country. This is evidenced by a considerable number of registered various political parties. However, according to the Constitution, parties that promote the ideas of fascism, nationalism, call for national and religious hatred, deny universal human values and undermine moral norms have no right to exist in Russia. But even without that there are enough parties in Russia. Below we will announce the entire list of political parties in Russia and give brief information about them.
Features of parliamentarism in Russia
Unfortunately, democracy in the historical development of our country is an atypical phenomenon. Monarchism and totalitarian socialism are something else. The entire experience of parliamentarism in Russia is reduced to a short period from the creation of the State Duma (1905) to the October Revolution of 1917. ATIn the USSR, parliamentarism in the conditions of a one-party system (the Communist Party of the Soviet Union) was absent in principle. In the transition to democratic lines, this "legacy" manifests itself in the form of methods of struggle, intolerance towards opponents. It seems that the purely Russian concept of "party of power" has also become a legacy from the CPSU.
Administrative resource
The experience of the one-party system in Russia is the richest. It is not surprising that, remembering the past, government officials and the highest echelons of power are interested in creating a party that supports the current government. Its main members are government officials, state and municipal employees, to a certain extent, the so-called administrative resource (power support) is used in the activities of the party. Guided by these signs, political scientists include "United Russia", as well as the former "Our Home is Russia", "Unity" from the list of political parties in Russia.
Oldest Batch
The Communist Party of the Russian Federation should probably be recognized as such as the direct successor of the CPSU. Political changes forced modern communists to shift their views much to the right and reorganize, but still, no matter how indignant other left-wing parties are, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is the "daughter" of the CPSU.
Regular Duma
Only two parties received mandates in all seven convocations of the State Duma. This is the Communist Party and the Liberal Democratic Party. This is the result of the firstdue to the traditional popularity of socialist ideas in Russia, the "critical" position towards the Russian government, which is a win-win in a country that is not without problems. Political scientists reduce the achievements of the "liberals" to the personal charisma of the founder and permanent leader of the party, Vladimir Zhirinovsky.
It should be noted, however, that there have always been representatives of the "party of power" in the Duma. "United Russia" is their direct continuation, but legally it can be considered a lie. "United Russia" are present in the Duma only for the last four convocations.
Political poles
Modern parties in Russia (in the list below), at least the leading ones, serve as spokesmen for popular ideas and a kind of leaders in their promotion:
- Thus, "United Russia" is the desire for a balanced right-wing centrism, propaganda for the strengthening of state power and respect for it, patriotism, internationalism, harmony in society.
- The Communist Party of Russia (KPRF) – social justice, patriotism, respect for history.
- The Liberal Democratic Party (LDPR) is radicalism in pursuit of social justice.
- "Fair Russia" - the ideals of social democracy, including the European persuasion. In this sense, the SR follows the once influential, but lost authority Yabloko association.
Missing from the list of political parties in Russia is a strong separate party expressinginterests of business and liberalism of the pro-Western type. The Union of Right Forces went bankrupt politically, and the Civic Platform remained small. The last attempt so far is the Party of Growth, but it seems that in a country where the income gap between the rich and the poor is large, and the poor are many, the interests of the rich are alien to the majority of the population. The situation on the political "market" is changeable. For example, it has always been difficult to imagine that the popular Yabloko would lose seats in parliament. However…
All registered political parties in Russia: list and their leaders
Let's present to your attention the table.
| Party | Year of founding | Ideology | Creators | Leader |
| "United Russia" | 2001 | Right Democratic Centrism | Sergei Shoigu, Yuri Luzhkov, Mintimer Shaimiev | Dmitry Medvedev |
| KPRF | 1993 | Central Left | Valentin Kuptsov, Gennady Zyuganov | Gennady Zyuganov |
| LDPR | 1989 | Declares liberalism, but if you pay attention to the leader's statements - ultra-right. | Vladimir Zhirinovsky | Vladimir Zhirinovsky |
| "Patriots of Russia" | 2005 | Central Left | Gennady Semigin | Gennady Semigin |
| Democratic Party "Yabloko" | 1995 | Social Democracy | Grigory Yavlinsky, Yuri Boldyrev, Vladimir Lukin | Emilia Slabunova |
| "Fair Russia" | 2005 | Social Democracy | Sergey Mironov | Sergey Mironov |
| "Growth Party" | 2008 | Right Conservative | Boris Titov | Boris Titov |
| People's Freedom Party | 1990 | Right centre, liberalism | Vladimir Lysenko, Stepan Sulakshin, Vyacheslav Shostakovsky | Mikhail Kasyanov |
| Democratic Party of Russia | 1990 | Right centre, liberalism | Nikolai Travkin | Timur Bogdanov |
| "For the women of Russia" | 2007 | Conservatism, protection of women's rights | Galina Latysheva | Galina Khavraeva |
| Green Alliance | 2012 | Social democracy, ecology | Mitvol Fetisov | Alexander Zakondyrin |
| Union of Citizens (SG) | 2012 | Social democracy, protecting the rights of urban residents | Ildar Gayfutdinov | Dmitry Volkov |
| People's Party of Russia | 2012 | Centrism | Andrey Bogdanov | Stanislav Aranovich |
| Civil Position | 2012 | Liberalism | Andrey Bogdanov | Andrey Poda |
| Social Democratic Party of Russia | 2012 | Social Democracy | Andrey Bogdanov | SirazhdinRamazanov |
| Communist Party of Socialist Justice (CPSU) | 2012 | Socialism | Andrey Bogdanov | Oleg Bulaev |
| Party of Pensioners of Russia | 2012 | Social democracy, protection of the rights of pensioners | Nikolai Chebotarev | Nikolai Chebotarev |
| Party "GROSS" | 2012 | Social democracy, protecting the rights of urban residents | Yuri Babak | Yuri Babak |
| Young Russia (MOLROSS) | 2012 | Centrism, protection of youth rights | Nikolay Stolyarchuk | Nikolay Stolyarchuk |
| Free Citizens Party | 2012 | Constitutionalism, liberalism | Pavel Sklyanchuk | Alexander Zorin |
| "The Greens" | 1993 | Centrism, ecology | Anatoly Panfilov | Evgeny Belyaev |
| Communists of Russia (KOMROS) | 2009 | Left | Konstantin Zhukov | Maxim Suraikin |
| Agrarian Party of Russia | 1993 | Centrism, protection of the rights of citizens employed in the agricultural sector of the economy | Vasily Starodubtsev, Mikhail Lapshin, Alexander Davydov | Olga Bashmachnikova |
| Russian People's Union (RUS) | 1991 | Patriotism, conservatism, Orthodoxy | Sergey Baburin | Sergey Baburin |
| Party for Justice! (PARZAS) | 2012 | Patriotism, socialjustice | Vladimir Ponomarenko | Vladimir Ponomarenko |
| Social Party protection | 2012 | Social Justice Left | Viktor Sviridov | Viktor Sviridov |
| Civil Force | 2007 | Liberalism, ecology, protection of the rights of small and medium businesses | Alexander Revyakin | Kirill Bykanin |
| Pensioners' Party for Social Justice | 1997 | Social justice, protection of the rights of pensioners | Sergey Atroshenko | Vladimir Burakov |
| People's Alliance | 2012 | Patriotism | Andrey Bogdanov | Olga Anishchenko |
| Monarchist Party | 2012 | Patriotism, monorchism | Anton Bakov | Anton Bakov |
| Civil platform | 2012 | Liberalism | Mikhail Prokhorov | Rifat Shaikhutdinov |
| "FAIR" | 2012 | Christianity, liberalism | Alexey Zolotukhin | Alexey Zolotukhin |
| Labor Party of Russia | 2012 | Liberalism | Sergey Vostretsov | Sergey Vostretsov |
| Against everyone | 2012 | Social justice | Pavel Mikhalchenkov | Pavel Mikhalchenkov |
| Russian Socialist Party | 2012 | Socialism | Sergey Cherkashin | Sergey Cherkashin |
| PartyRussian veterans | 2012 | Patriotism, protection of the rights of military personnel | Ildar Rezyapov | Ildar Rezyapov |
| ROT FRONT | 2012 | Left | Victor Tyulkin, Sergey Ud altsov | Viktor Tyulkin |
| Cause Party | 2012 | Democracy, protecting the rights of entrepreneurs | Konstantin Babkin | Konstantin Babkin |
| The National Security Party of Russia (PNBR) | 2012 | Patriotism | Alexander Fedulov | Alexander Fedulov |
| "Motherland" | 2003 | Patriotism | Dmitry Rogozin, Sergei Glazyev, Sergei Baburin, Yuri Skokov | Aleksey Zhuravlev |
| Union of Labor | 2012 | Social justice, protection of workers' rights | Alexander Shershukov | Alexander Shershukov |
| Russian Party of People's Control | 2012 | Social Democracy | Albert Mukhamedyarov | Albert Mukhamedyarov |
| "Women's Dialogue" | 2012 | Traditionalism, patriotism, protection of the rights of women and children | Elena Semerikova | Elena Semerikova |
| Village Revival Party | 2013 | Protecting the rights of rural people | Vasily Vershinin | Vasily Vershinin |
| Defenders of the Fatherland | 2013 | Populism, protection of the rights of military personnel | Nikolai Sobolev | Nikolai Sobolev |
| Cossack party | 2013 | Patriotism, protection of the rights of the Cossacks | Nikolai Konstantinov | Nikolai Konstantinov |
| Development of Russia | 2013 | Social Democracy | Aleksey Kaminsky | Aleksey Kaminsky |
| Democratic legal Russia | 2013 | Moderate liberalism, constitutionalism | Igor Trunov | Igor Trunov |
| "Dignity" | 2013 | Liberalism | Stanislav Bychinsky | Stanislav Bychinsky |
| Great Fatherland | 2012 | Patriotism | Nikolai Starikov | Igor Ashmanov |
| Gardener Party | 2013 | Populism, protecting the rights of gardeners | Igor Kasyanov | Andrey Mayboroda |
| Civil initiative | 2013 | Democracy, liberalism | Dmitry Gudkov | Ksenia Sobchak |
| Renaissance Party | 2013 | Socialist Democracy | Gennady Seleznev | Viktor Arkhipov |
| National Course | 2012 | Patriotism | Andrey Kovalenko | Evgeny Fedorov |
| People against corruption | 2013 | Anti-corruption | Grigory Anisimov | Grigory Anisimov |
| Native Party | 2013 | Populism | Sergey Orlov, Nadezhda Demidova | Sergey Orlov, Nadezhda Demidova |
| Sports party "He althy Forces" | 2013 | Populism, protecting the rights of athletes | Davyd Gubar | Davyd Gubar |
| International Party (IPR) | 2014 | Social harmony of society, internationalism | Zuleikhat Ulybasheva | Zuleikhat Ulybasheva |
| Socialist Party Reform (AKP) | 2014 | Social justice | Stanislav Polishchuk | Stanislav Polishchuk |
| STRONG OF RUSSIA | 2014 | Defending the rights of people with disabilities | Vladimir M altsev | Vladimir M altsev |
| Good Deeds Party | 2014 | Populism, social protection | Andrey Kirillov | Andrey Kirillov |
| Revival of agrarian Russia | 2015 | Defending the rights of the agro-industrial sector | Vasily Krylov | Vasily Krylov |
| Change | 2015 | Social justice | Antonina Serova | Antonina Serova |
| Party of Parents (PWB) | 2015 | Populism, protecting the interests of the family | Marina Voronova | Marina Voronova |
| Small Business Party (SMBP) | 2015 | Liberalism, protecting the rights of small businesses | Yuri Sidorov | Yuri Sidorov |
| Non-Party Russia (BPR) | 2013 | Patriotism, social justice | Alexander Safoshin | Alexander Safoshin |
| "PowerTo the people" | 2016 | Socialism, social justice, people's democracy | Vladimir Miloserdov | Vladimir Miloserdov |
This is the list of political parties in modern Russia.
Abuse
Every freedom is a risk, a loophole for dishonest people. Parliamentarism should benefit the country and its people. Political technologies are hardly worth considering as a boon. For example, the well-known political strategist Andrey Bogdanov creates parties and then sells them on a turnkey basis to everyone. Even in the list above there are several such "products". Although in 2012 the requirements for registration of political parties were tightened. That is why this is also the year of creation of the majority of newcomer parties. But freedom is better than cruel limits.
