In Russian and foreign literature, writers raised many topics that gained or lost their relevance over time. The problem of orphanhood can be attributed to the eternal, since for several centuries the best authors have created dozens of works of art. Having chosen this topic at the exam, a student can easily consider it using the example of several books.
At a Glance: How to Write a Literary Argument?
Composing on the unified state exam in Russian schools is the most difficult test for graduates. Here, students are required to show not only knowledge of the content of the work, but also the ability to analyze situations and put forward arguments. The problem of orphanhood in literature is relevant in that many domestic and foreign writers have always turned to it, so the student will not have difficulty choosing a work. A graduate has the right to focus on a maximum of three stories or novels in one essay.
Homelessness in Russianliterature
Republic of SHKID is a beloved story written almost 90 years ago. It is included in the circle of additional reading, and any student is familiar with its content from the film of the same name. By choosing this work of art at the exam, you will be able to pick up convincing arguments: the problem of orphanhood by the authors G. Belykh and L. Panteleev is revealed in a very non-standard way.
- “The Republic of SHKID” is an autobiographical story about the development of homeless children into decent people. Not everyone passed the test of morality at the school of social and labor education, but most of the orphans were able to find themselves and follow the righteous path.
- In the story, the authors talk about the need to open state institutions for homeless children and give convincing arguments: the problem of orphanhood will soon be eradicated if young thieves and criminals comprehend the truths of life through work and knowledge.
Literary arguments: the problem of orphanhood in the story "The Fate of Man"
Mikhail Sholokhov is one of the favorite writers of high school students, because in his works he portrayed people of different characters and tried to solve the pressing problems of the twentieth century. Having chosen the topic “The Problem of Orphanhood” at the Unified State Examination, you can pick up arguments from the literature from the story “The Fate of a Man.”
1. In the war, the Soviet people showed their best qualities of character. In this harsh time, people experienced the death of loved ones, but notbegan to experience hatred towards others: orphans were taken into families and brought up as relatives. Such a story happened to the main character of M. Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man".
2. Andrei Sokolov is a collective image of the majority of Soviet citizens who have experienced the death of loved ones. He lost his wife and children, but took in a strange boy Vanyushka, telling him that they were father and son. This is a truly powerful act that characterizes Andrei Sokolov as a generous person.
Happy twist of fate in the life of an orphan
They say that a fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it. This statement can rightly be called true, since often the events reflected in a folk or author's fairy tale often occur in reality. So, in Charles Perrault's fairy tale "Cinderella", the author raises the actual problem of orphanhood. The arguments from life are very similar to those that can be gleaned from this work of art.
1. Disadvantaged people who strive to achieve well-being in an honest way are always rewarded by fate and gain the desired happiness. The orphan Cinderella, who suffered humiliation and bullying from her stepmother and half-sisters, eventually remained the winner and began to live a full life, having married the prince.
2. Evil is always punishable, and an unfortunate person, in the end, finds his happiness. Orphan Cinderella is a great example of a kind and hardworking girl who encourages all girls who grew up without mothers to keep up their courage and hope.for a better life.
Humiliated and insulted heroes of Dostoevsky
Russian realist writers refused to depict an idealistic world, so unfortunate families and destitute children often became the heroes of their books. Such was the girl named Nelly - the heroine of F. M. Dostoevsky's novel "The Humiliated and Insulted" (1861), but the author always continued to be interested in the problem of orphanhood. Arguments from the literature of this writer can be identified in the stories "Netochka Nezvanova" (1849), "Christ's Boy at the Tree" (1876).
1. The conflict of the novel "The Humiliated and Insulted" escalates between the Valkovsky and Ikhmenev families, but one cannot but pay attention to the heroine, with the help of which Dostoevsky enhances the drama of the work. Orphan Nelly, left without a family and endured a lot of suffering, was adopted, but the girl's prosperous life did not last long: the poor thing was dying of a heart disease.
2. In the story "The Boy at Christ on the Christmas Tree", which is included in the school curriculum, one can also find a worthy literary argument. The problem of orphanhood is revealed through the image of a beggar boy who, in his dying dreams, hungry and frozen, sees this fluffy Christmas tree, decorated with toys and sweets.
The problem of orphanhood in today's world
At middle school age, children should comprehend the world through reading works of art, and as adults, based on the experience gained, they should get their own understanding of the environmentreality. Slavery has become the scourge of modern society, and, as a rule, children who do not have a family find themselves in it. In the work of domestic writers, this problem is not raised due to the favorable situation in the country. In the West, the problem of orphanhood is revealed differently. Arguments from Literature (USE) can be cited from additional reading books such as To Kill a Mockingbird and Uncle Tom's Cabin. From the school curriculum, you can consider the works "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn", "Prisoner of the Caucasus". It is necessary to connect the problem with the present and touch upon the problem of child slavery in the countries of the East, where all attempts to combat this phenomenon remain in vain.
