December 8, 1991, the so-called parade of sovereignties took place. In the village of Viskuli near Belovezhskaya Pushcha, the leaders of Ukraine, Belarus and the RSFSR signed an act on the termination of the existence of the USSR, which declared the formation of the CIS and announced the termination of the Union Treaty and the termination of the state structures that belonged to the former Union. In history, this act is called the Belovezhskaya agreement.
In the RSFSR on June 12, 1990, major changes took place. Democrats and communists recognized the sovereignty of the Russian Federation. True, this was done within the Soviet Union. Countries such as Latvia and Estonia did not even begin to talk about their withdrawal from the USSR.
After these events, the now famous parade of sovereignties began. It swept through the remaining republics: autonomous within the USSR and allied. You probably remember that the mandates in the Supreme Soviets were mostly held by the Communists. The first secretaries of the Central Committee of the Republican Communist Parties became chairmen of the Supreme Soviets (with the exception of only Snegur (a simple member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Moldova) and Kravchuk (secretary for ideological issues of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine)).
After thatsome of them began to proclaim themselves presidents and declare the country a republic. In the summer-autumn of 1990, they spoke with General Secretary Gorbachev in a completely different way. In doing so, they relied on republican sovereignty, which was confirmed by the “will of the people.”
Under the "people" understood the titular nationality, and other citizens were automatically discriminated against. This was ignored by both the union leadership and democratic “human rights activists”. Everyone was interested in the "war of laws", which flared up every day. The union center and "sovereign" republics participated in it. The leadership of the B altic states, Georgia and the "sovereign" RSFSR were very active.
On March 17, 1991, a parade of sovereignties took place. He proclaimed the preservation of the Union. Of the 185.6 million citizens of the USSR, 148.5 million had the right to vote (this is approximately 80%). 112 million voted for the preservation of the USSR. Additionally, the Ukrainian Armed Forces added a local referendum to the all-union one, which proclaimed the union legislation over the republican one. The Russian Congress announced the popular election of the President of the RSFSR. According to official data, the majority of Ukrainians and Russians voted "For".
But, despite this, Mikhail Gorbachev throughout the autumn de alt with issues of resuscitation of the so-called. Novoogarevsky process. In order to create a state on a confederal basis. For this, they even came up with the name of the SSG - the Union of Sovereign States.
November 14 Gorbachev announces the creation of a single "confederaldemocratic state". Yeltsin, who was standing next to him, said that everything was fine and the Union would exist. Well, then, you yourself know, everything turned out the other way around.
As a result, the Russian constitution recognizes sovereignty.
Many states have gained independence. So now we can safely say that the parade of sovereignties led to the collapse of the Union. Whether this is good or bad is not for us to judge. Who knows what kind of life we would have had if all this had not happened?
