Economy 2024, December
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What is isocost, isocost graph and map, and isocost production function? Producer profit maximization
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The Far North is a harsh land where special people live. Thus, the Komi Republic, whose population has bright distinctive features, is of interest from the point of view of demography, sociology, population psychology and economy. How do harsh living conditions affect demographics? Let's talk about the population of the republic and its characteristics
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The global financial market is a complex entity that is largely subject to its own laws and principles of development. However, some of its fundamental features have long been studied and brought to a common denominator. Financial instruments are no exception. This is a real document or an officially registered electronic form that may enshrine some kind of legal agreement
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The National System of Payment Cards of the Russian Federation was established on the basis of Federal Law No. 112 of May 5, 2014. The purpose of its formation is to ensure the availability, efficiency and continuity of the provision of services related to the transfer of funds
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Pipeline transport moves important goods such as oil and natural gas. Russian pipelines have more than half a century of history, which began with the development of oil fields in Baku and Grozny. The current length of main pipelines is almost 50 thousand km, through which most of the Russian oil is pumped
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M alta is an independent Mediterranean republic, which is located on several islands. The population of M alta calls their country a toy, because so many people, history and extraordinary beauty of nature fit on just three residential islands of a small area
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Currently, China is the largest trading partner of the Russian Federation. Despite the fact that import volumes significantly exceed the amount of exported products, trade between countries moves in both directions
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The public sector of the economy is a system in which the state acts as an agent that receives income in the form of taxes and spends it on purchases. Traditionally, in developed countries, as well as in developing countries, the public goods produced are the domain of the public sector and the population. Part of the income from the private sphere is released by taxation
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Initially, Tobolsk was inhabited by Cossacks and settlers from central Russia and the Urals, which was located in close proximity to Siberia, endowed with untold riches. Russian pioneers, merchants, always striving deep into the country, moved to the Pacific Ocean, leaving behind settlements that later turned into cities. Tobolsk became the center of the development of Siberia. It was founded by the Cossacks under the leadership of Yermak
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The names of many power generating stations are preceded by the abbreviation GRES. The vast majority believes that an ordinary hydroelectric power plant is hiding under it, but this opinion is erroneous. According to encyclopedias, the GRES is a state regional power plant. Such power plants operate on any fuel and produce only electricity. Now the term GRES refers to a very powerful condensing power plant included in the common power grid
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Rogun HPP has been under construction for 40 years. It has been inherited by Tajikistan since Soviet times. The hydroelectric project is causing a lot of controversy both domestically and internationally
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"Exhaust" technology has justified itself. The body of the rocket really became lighter. Production became cheaper, but this was not the main achievement. Significantly increased the firing range of the installation "Grad"
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The question naturally arises as to what price is. Price is a list of goods and services provided by the company, with the indicated prices for each item
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The Estonian economy is one of the most successful examples of the development of small economies. During the crisis, the state experienced a moderate decline compared to other former Soviet republics, and then quickly recovered. Today, Estonia is considered one of the we althy, not developing countries
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Uzbekistan's economic indicators are growing rapidly. Nevertheless, the income of the population in this country is much lower than in highly developed countries. Also, the indicators of average wages in different regions of the country lag far behind the incomes of residents of the Russian Federation. Uzbeks have to save money by carefully allocating funds to meet basic needs. The state leadership regularly takes measures to protect the population from poverty
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The Elliott Wave Principle, discovered in the 1930s, is the basis of many trading systems. The principles of wave formation are based on the mood of the market crowd. This makes it possible to predict the direction of the price on charts of different time scales with amazing accuracy
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Voucher is a document in the form of a receipt, check or written certificate, which confirms the receipt of services and goods of various kinds, as well as discounts on them
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Depression in the economy is a condition in which almost all indicators fall for a long period. It is characterized by a reduced volume of production, low purchasing power of the population, high unemployment, and general stagnation. In contrast to the economic (or global financial) crisis, depression is characterized by a longer and more stable recession and a corresponding mood in people. However, the economic crisis often precedes it
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JSC "Chusovskoy Metallurgical Plant" is one of the oldest steel productions in the Urals. Founded in the 19th century, for a long time it was the largest profile enterprise in the country. Today ChMP is the leader in the production of springs for vehicles
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Dushanbe is the capital of Tajikistan, one of the poorest countries in Central Asia in the post-Soviet space. The first written mention of the village of Dushanbe dates back to 1676. The village arose at the crossroads of trade roads, on Mondays a large bazaar (market) was held here, from which the name "Dushanbe" came from, which means "Monday" in Tajik. The population of the city in recent decades, after a decline in the nineties, is constantly growing
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The ancient Russian city of Ryazan on the Oka River with its original history and appearance is a major scientific and industrial center of central Russia. During its long history, the settlement has gone through different stages, it has embodied all the features of Russian life. The population of Ryazan, which is steadily increasing, can generally be seen as a small model of Russia. This city combines unique and typical features and this is what makes it especially interesting
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The Toktogul HPP, built in 1975, today is the backbone of Kyrgyzstan's energy security. In the 2000s, the power plant suffered a series of accidents. Causes of disasters and development prospects identified, reconstruction work started in 2017
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If you count all the money printed and cast in metal, as well as add all electronic money to them, experts say that you can get an amount with fifteen zeros. How much money is there in the world? The answer to the question depends on what humanity considers money. The more global our calculation is, the more inflated the sum will be
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The youngest city in the Moscow region is the birthplace of Russian airship building, but is better known for being home to the famous Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. A modern and well-maintained city has everything you need for a comfortable stay. The south and east of Dolgoprudny practically merged with the northern districts of the capital
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The liquidity trap is a situation described by representatives of the Keynesian school of economics, when government injections of cash into the banking system cannot reduce the interest rate. That is, this is a separate case when monetary policy turns out to be ineffective. The main cause of the liquidity trap is considered to be negative consumer expectations that force people to save a large part of their income
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The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money was written by British economist John Maynard Keynes. This book became his magnum opus. The author of "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money" was the first to define the form and list of terms of modern macroeconomics. After the publication of the work in February 1936, the so-called Keynesian revolution took place
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What is the place of trade in the life of mankind. How does it affect production? Its history and origins. How trade helps production
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Finance as an economic category is the main part of the economic sphere in the life of every society. It is they who ensure the distribution of GDP among the citizens of the state, and also contribute to stimulating the economy
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In October 2016, Russia's trade balance was positive. It amounted to 6.6 trillion US dollars. Russia's main trading partners are European countries. Only a third of exports go to Asian countries. Therefore, Russia suffers significant losses due to the sanctions imposed on it by the EU and the US and the partial closure of its own market in response to them
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The concept of "risk" is found in different sciences, each of which interprets it in its own way in a particular scientific area. Without understanding the basics of risk theory, it is impossible to take into account and analyze it in business activities and correctly assess economic risks. The content of the main economic theories of risk
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The dynamics of the cost of oil is among the quantities that affect many economic processes and the political situation in the world. The increase in the cost of a barrel of Brent oil has little effect on demand, since the resource is one of the main ones in the energy sector and cannot be replaced by analogues in the main areas of use
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Economic risk is a category whose history begins in the late 80s. It should be noted that during the period of the planned economy, the problem of risk was not given due attention. Thus, the economic term itself was almost never used in an applied sense
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What is a firm offer? Businessmen, to regulate their activities, quite often use the help of specialized tools. And it is the offer agreement that is one of such means. Simply put, this agreement satisfies certain specific requirements of the parties during the conclusion of the transaction
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The British monetary system is one of the oldest in the world. During the years of its existence, it has experienced many shocks: two world wars, crises, inflation. But one thing has always remained unchanged - the pound sterling
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Ireland is the third largest island in Europe. In addition, he is one of the two largest British. The territory is divided between the Republic of Ireland and the UK. Ireland occupies a large part of the territory, and Northern Ireland - only a sixth of the area. However, a third of the population of the entire island lives there
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Since ancient times, people have isolated precious metals. Two of them - gold and silver - were additionally considered noble. Their value was high. These precious metals were widely used to pay for various goods. Today, there have been minor changes in this regard. So far, precious metals are valuable and stable
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Adam Smith's Theory of Absolute Advantage laid the foundation for the study of international trade and gave the key to understanding the principles of international competition. And now the theory remains relevant and is applied in practice when developing strategies for the development of enterprises and entire states
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Pricing is considered to be the most important direction of economic activity in the enterprise. The volume of products sold, the profitability of the ongoing production and the final financial result of the activity depend on the adequacy of the established prices. And as a natural result - the competitiveness of the enterprise
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One of the most valuable resources of any company is its workforce. To monitor the effectiveness of their application, use a system of indicators. The most important of these are labor productivity and labor efficiency. KPI indicators also allow you to build an assessment system. How the effectiveness of the use of labor resources is assessed will be discussed further
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Our country is huge, there are a lot of cities and villages on the territory. Some of them you have not heard of at all, but, nevertheless, they exist. Let's talk today about the city of Kasimov. Find out how many people live there and how the economy is doing