Currently, helicopters perform many tasks - this is the transportation of passengers, the delivery of food and other goods to the most remote areas of the globe. This type of air transport has found wide application in the military, civil sphere, in various industries and economy. Recently, helicopters have become indispensable assistants in search and rescue operations, fire fighting, emergency medical care, and disaster relief. Below we will consider special helicopters of the Russian Emergencies Ministry. Photos of these machines can also be seen in the article.
The history of the appearance of the Centrospas detachment
On March 13, 1992, a decree of the Russian government “On the establishment of the State Central Airmobile Rescue Squad of the EMERCOM of Russia” was adopted. This unit was named "Centrospas". Its main task was to promptly respond to emergencies, man-made and natural disasters and eliminate their consequences. To ensure the effective operation of Centrospas, it had at its disposalboth transport and multipurpose helicopters were handed over.
As practice later showed, without the use of helicopters, not a single task of localizing the consequences of emergency situations can be effectively solved. Today, each helicopter of the EMERCOM of Russia is equipped with modern technical equipment and is a universal assistant to rescuers in carrying out all kinds of work to eliminate the consequences of natural, man-made and environmental accidents.
Helicopter fleet of EMERCOM of Russia
When carrying out rescue operations, "Centrospas" uses helicopters "Bo-105" and "Bk-117", which were created by order of the Russian Emergencies Ministry by the European company Eurocopter. These helicopters are used to transport seriously ill and injured people who need emergency care.
To eliminate the consequences of various fires, the firefighter helicopters of the Russian Emergencies Ministry Be-200ChS, Ka-32 and Ka-26 are in the service of the unit. Also specially designed for the Centrospas detachment was the Ka-226 light helicopter, which is ideal for working in dense urban areas or on rocky mountainous terrain. The most common rescue helicopter of the Ministry of Emergency Situations in Moscow and beyond is the Mi-8.
The following is a description of the air ambulance of the Russian Federation, which is based on the Ka-226 helicopter.
Air ambulance EMERCOM of Russia
Such a concept as "air ambulance" appeared in the early twentieth century. The peak of its development wasthe middle of the twentieth century. After all, it was then that helicopters began to be successfully used in air ambulance. The main task of this direction of aeronautics is to provide emergency assistance in conditions of insufficient transport accessibility and to carry out emergency delivery of victims to medical institutions.
Today, the main helicopter of the Russian Emergencies Ministry, which is used in air ambulance, is the Ka-226. Such an aircraft performs vertical takeoff and landing, so it can be used in any hard-to-reach places. Special sites for helicopters are being set up next to medical facilities.
The main centers for the use of air ambulance in Russia are large cities: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Orenburg, Krasnoyarsk, Ryazan and others.
The main models of helicopters that are used by Centrospas in case of emergency medical assistance are described below.
Ka-226 ambulance helicopter
The Ka-226 helicopter is a multifunctional device that can perform a wide range of tasks in areas that are difficult to reach by land transport, in difficult climatic conditions of the Arctic climate, deserts, high mountains and seas. The use of a special layout allows the use of many interchangeable modules for various purposes, as well as the use of an external suspension for transporting goods. This assembly of the helicopter allowed the engineers to equip it with a special medical module, which has no analogue in the world.
The sanitary helicopter Ka-226 of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia is able to deliver medical workers to the accident site as soon as possible and ensure the evacuation of the victims. The medical equipment installed in the module makes it possible to provide the necessary assistance directly during the transportation of the victim to the hospital. With its compact size, this EMERCOM helicopter can land in a small area, which makes it an indispensable assistant in rescue operations.
Ansat ambulance helicopter
Ambulance helicopters of the EMERCOM of Russia have a huge advantage over road medical transport. A photo of one of them can be seen below. This is a helicopter called Ansat. Such an air ambulance will come to the rescue when emergency medical evacuation and transportation is needed. This helicopter of the Ministry of Emergency Situations is widely used in Moscow. After all, the possibility of its functioning does not depend on the traffic situation. This technique is indispensable when it is necessary to provide assistance in accidents, traffic accidents or accidents. The helicopter can reach a maximum speed of up to 275 km/h. It is capable of covering distances of more than 500 kilometers. The passenger cabin of the Ansat helicopter can accommodate 1 victim, 2 medical workers and place the necessary medical equipment on board.
In addition to the Ka-226 and Ansat helicopters, the Mi-8 helicopter of the Russian Emergencies Ministry, Ka-27PS, An-26M and other models of air equipment are also used in air ambulance.
Fire and rescueaviation EMERCOM of Russia
Fire and rescue helicopters are designed to perform the tasks of detecting fires, delivering special means for extinguishing, transporting and disembarking special services workers at the crash site, evacuating the victims.
This air transport is effectively used to eliminate fires in high-rise buildings and structures. Helicopters are often used to localize fire in places where oil products ignite, in forests or on open agricultural lands. Fire helicopters are able to provide effective assistance in eliminating the consequences of disasters associated with the crash of aviation, rail and sea transport. They can also quickly carry out evacuation activities from places that are difficult to reach by cars.
Ka-32A is the main fire helicopter. Its description follows below. Also, when conducting search and rescue operations during fires, the Mi-8 helicopter of the Russian Emergencies Ministry, Mi-26TP and other models of helicopters are used.
Ka-32A fire and rescue helicopter
The Ka-32A helicopter is a recognized assistant in carrying out the most complex rescue and search operations, evacuating victims of accidents and man-made disasters and performing firefighting tasks. This helicopter can perform the tasks assigned to it in dense urban areas and on terrain with difficult terrain.
To ensure fire fightingsuch a helicopter of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia is equipped with a plastic water tank, pumps with an electric drive, foam concentrates, vertical and horizontal water and foam guns, and a hydraulic pump. According to well-known experts in the field of aviation technology, the Ka-32A fire helicopter is one of the best in the world.
Conclusion
No action to eliminate the consequences of various disasters can be imagined without the participation of rescue helicopters that perform a variety of functions. Today, a helicopter can be a mobile hospital for providing first emergency medical assistance and delivering the victim to a medical facility. Also, this high-tech device is effectively involved in extinguishing fires in the most difficult conditions. Currently, ambulance and fire helicopters are indispensable helpers for rescuers. This air transport can be trusted to solve tasks that are sometimes beyond the power of a person.
