Each of the ministries of the Russian Federation is a complex system that performs strictly defined functions, endowed with specific powers and rights. Something here will be unifying, something - to qualitatively distinguish between such institutions. Let's take a closer look at the Ministry of Finance article. This is the main theme. Let's define his powers and rights, touch on the functions of the Minister of Finance, consider the legal acts adopted by this state institution.
Definition
What is this? The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation (according to the current legislation) is an executive federal body of state power that embodies the functions of policy development, legal, regulatory regulation in the areas of tax, budget, banking, insurance, and currency policy. And also in areas:
- public debt;
- accounting and reporting;
- audit;
- customs payments;
- destination of the customs value of vehicles, goods;
- recycling andcirculation of precious stones and metals;
- investment of finances for the funded part of pension payments to citizens;
- production and subsequent circulation of secure polygraph products;
- organization and holding of various lotteries;
- anti-money laundering;
- financial security of the civil service;
- counter terrorist financing.
Coordination and control
The Russian Ministry of Finance is the government body that coordinates and oversees the work of the following federal institutions:
- Inland Revenue.
- Financial and Budgetary Supervision Service.
- Insurance Supervision Service.
- Treasury.
- Financial Monitoring Service.
- Customs Service (control over the implementation of a number of normative and legal acts on the following issues: collection and calculation of customs duties, determination of the customs value of both goods and transport).
Interaction
It is important to note that the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation conducts its work in cooperation with other institutions of executive power at the federal level, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government structures, forms of public associations and other organizations.
Management in activities
The Russian Ministry of Finance is a state body that is guided in itsdaily work as follows:
- The Constitution of the Russian Federation.
- Constitutional federal laws.
- Federal laws.
- Acts of the President of the Russian Federation.
- Decrees of the Russian Government.
- International Treaties of the Russian Federation.
- Regulations on the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.
Powers of the Ministry of Finance
Let's move closer to the activities of the domestic Ministry of Finance. It embodies the following powers:
- Submits draft normative and legal acts, federal laws and other bills for consideration by the Government that require a decision of the Government of the Russian Federation. These are questions on the areas of competence of the Ministry, areas of jurisdiction of services subordinated to it, draft work plans and forecast reports of its activities.
- On the basis of and within the framework of the implementation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, acts of the President and the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Finance independently adopts a number of regulatory legal acts.
Acts adopted by the ministry
What do these legal acts refer to? The following stands out here:
- The procedure for the formation of various reports on the execution of the budget of the Russian Federation, the budgets of a number of state non-budgetary funds, the treasury of the country's budget system, as well as the consolidated budget of the state.
- The procedure for maintaining the budget summary list of the budget of the Russian Federation.
- The procedure for using the budget classification of the Russian Federation.
- Form of tax payments, as well as tax returns, procedurecompleting these documents.
- Form of an incoming customs order (on the basis of this paper, customs duties are paid, as well as taxes are deducted by individuals when they move any goods for family, personal, household and other needs not related to business activities).
- Form of the act on the results of the joint reconciliation of the spending of the payer's financial resources that were deposited into the account of the customs authority.
- Acts that determine the cases when the deduction of customs payments is provided by an insurance contract.
- Acts that establish the longest term of one bank guarantee and the largest amount of all simultaneously valid bank guarantees that are issued by one bank for the purpose of accepting these guarantees by customs organizations for the payment of customs duties.
- The procedure, as well as the conditions for inclusion of insurance institutions in the state register of insurance companies, whose contracts can be accepted to ensure customs payments.
- Form of request for payment of deductions to the customs authorities.
- Form of the decision in the indisputable manner of collecting customs payments from the funds available on the payer's accounts with banking organizations.
- The procedure for controlling the customs value of both goods and transport (together with another Ministry - Economic Development and Trade).
- The procedure for maintaining the state debt book of the Russian Federation and the transfer to the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of data from both the state and municipal debt book of the Russian Federation.
Rights of the Ministry
All orders of the Ministry of Finance are given only within the rights granted to this state body. In order to exercise the above powers in its field of activity, the Ministry of Finance is vested with the following rights:
- To request and receive, upon request, in the prescribed manner, the information necessary to accept questions. within the competence of the ministry.
- Establish, in accordance with the established procedure, insignia of certain areas of activity, award them to both employees of the Ministry of Finance and employees under the authority of this institution of federal services, and other persons carrying out their activities in this area.
- In due course, involve scientists, scientific organizations and other specialists in the study of issues and problems related to the field of activity of this ministry.
- Create advisory and coordinating bodies (groups, councils, commissions, colleges), including interdepartmental ones.
- Establish, in accordance with the established procedure, the media for the further publication of normative and legal acts in the field of direct activity of the ministry, official announcements and other messages, the topic of which is related to the field of activity of the Ministry of Finance and its subordinate services.
Finance Minister
We talked about the activities of the Finance Ministry, its rights and powers. It will be important to learn about the work of the main person here.
The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation is headed by a minister appointed forthis position and dismissed from it by order of the Russian President, on the proposal of the Prime Minister.
It is he who is personally responsible for the Orders of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, for the fulfillment of the powers assigned to this state body, for the implementation of state policy in the field of activity of the Ministry of Finance.
The minister must have deputies who are appointed to their positions and dismissed by the Government of the Russian Federation. It also establishes the allowable number of deputies of the Minister of Finance.
Responsibilities of the Minister
Now let's move on to the list of duties of the head of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, enshrined at the legislative level:
- Distribute duties among your deputies.
- Approve regulations on structural divisions of the Ministry of Finance, as well as on territorial branches of federal services subordinate to the ministry.
- In the manner prescribed by law, appoint and dismiss employees of the Ministry.
- Solve (in full compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on civil service) issues related to the civil service in the Ministry of Finance.
- Approval of the structure, staffing of the Ministry (but only within the framework established by the Government of the Russian Federation), payroll funds and the number of employees, cost estimates for its (fund) maintenance (but only within the limits of the annual appropriations allocated for budget of the Ministry of Finance).
- Approval of annual work plans and performance indicatorssubordinated to the Ministry of services and reports on their performance.
- Introducing to the Government of the Russian Federation, on the proposal of the heads of federal services subordinate to the Ministry of Finance, various draft regulations on these services, proposals on the permissible number of their staff, payroll funds for employees.
- Submission for consideration by the Russian Government of draft regulations, legal acts and other documents listed in the subheading "Powers of the Ministry of Finance".
- Giving instructions to the federal services subordinated to the Ministry of Finance, control over their execution.
- Cancel decisions of federal services subordinate to the Ministry of Finance that contradict federal law (unless the federal law introduces a different procedure for canceling such decisions).
- Appointment and dismissal on the proposal of federal services subordinate to the Ministry, their deputies, as well as heads of territorial services.
- Representing, in accordance with the established procedure, both employees of the Ministry and employees of departments subordinate to the Ministry of Finance, for conferring honorary titles, as well as awarding them state awards.
- Issue of letters from the Ministry of Finance, issuance of orders with a normative character. Issuance of non-normative orders on operational and other current issues of the state body.
Provincial Ministries
The Ministry of Finance of the region is a subject executive body endowed by law with functions and powers inspecific field of activity. He carries out, within his competence, coordination and control of the work of state authorities of a certain region, state non-budgetary, territorial bodies, local self-government structures.
What then is the Ministry of Finance of the region, republic, autonomous region? A state body with the same powers, but operating within these entities.
Powers of regional ministries
The regional finance ministries have a wide range of powers in the following areas of the subject's life:
- Administrative and organizational.
- Public debt management.
- Budget accounting and reporting, financial control.
- Budget execution.
- Budget planning.
Main tasks of regional structures
Oblast ministries of finance are working on the following main tasks:
- Development and subsequent implementation of a unified budget policy in the region.
- Development of the draft budget of the subject and organization of its execution in accordance with the established procedure.
- Development and subsequent implementation of internal borrowing programs.
- Concentration of finances in priority areas of social and economic development of the subject.
- Participation in the development of projects to attract credit resources to the subject.
- General improvement of the budget process in the region.
- Implementation of financialcontrol within their own powers.
The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation is a very complex structure with many divisions. The Ministry has clear powers, which it is obliged to implement only within the limits of the rights approved by the legislation. The greatest responsibility for the decisions made, normative acts, legal documents lies with its head.
