For a little over a hundred years, the city of Krasnoyarsk has become a wonderful metropolis with a million inhabitants, which is from a small Siberian provincial town. Its development is due, among other things, to the construction of bridges, which are unique and inimitable in their design solutions. For bridge builders, blocking one of the largest rivers in Siberia - the Yenisei - has always been a serious challenge that ended in victory.
Historical digression
The construction of bridges in Krasnoyarsk dates back to the end of the 19th century. In 1895, Russian engineers began building the first railway bridge, which was supposed to divide the Trans-Siberian Railway. The crossing was built 4 years later. This bridge weighed 5440 tons. It became the largest in Asia. His model was exhibited in 1990 at the World Exhibition in Paris. There he was awarded a gold medal along with the famous Eiffel Tower.
This bridge is onThe Yenisei near Krasnoyarsk stood for more than 100 years. However, the iron wore out and as the structure became unsafe to use, it was dismantled.
Continuing the traditions of Russian engine builders, as well as in order to provide Krasnoyarsk with modern transport systems, in the autumn of 2015 a new, fourth bridge was built across the Yenisei. It connected the Oktyabrsky and Sverdlovsky districts of the metropolis. In February 2018, he was officially named after Nikolaevsky.
Axle specifications
Nikolaevsky bridge became the first (upper) bridge of Krasnoyarsk in relation to the river. Structurally, it consists of steel and concrete elements. Its surface is asph alt concrete.
Together with approaches and road junctions, the length of the Nikolaevsky bridge is 6771.1 meters. Of these, 1273.35 meters is the length in the channel part of the Yenisei. The main purpose of the bridge is the passage of vehicles on 6 lanes (3 in one direction and 3 in the other). The bridge also provides pedestrian traffic. The bridge crossing has two transport multi-level interchanges on both sides. One runs along the street. Dubrovinsky, its length is 2.3 kilometers. The second interchange goes along the street. Sverdlovsk and reaches a length of 3.3 kilometers.
The width of the bridge is 31.5 meters. It is equipped on both sides with pedestrian sidewalks, the width of which is 1.5 meters. The bridge itself is illuminated by 135 lampposts.
The total weight of the span structures of the Nikolaevsky bridge is 26,177.9 tons. Worked on the construction of the bridgeabout 1500 people. Almost 250 units of various special equipment were involved.
Progress of construction of the bridge crossing
Nikolaevsky bridge in Krasnoyarsk begins its history in 2005. From the time when the final decision on its construction was made. All work on the calculation of the investment for the construction of the bridge, design, preparation of working documentation were carried out by St. Petersburg JSC "Transmost" in the period from 2005 to 2012.
First work started October 27, 2011. On this day, the first earthworks were carried out, and a memorial plaque was installed.
The bridge crews of Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Altaisk and Abakan, as well as a large number of various subcontractors, were involved in the construction of the crossing.
In June 2015, the left and right banks of the Yenisei were connected by a new bridge. And in September of the same year, test runs of transport were started on it. This work was done by 16 dump trucks, which were loaded with a maximum weight of 25 tons. After all inspections, on October 29, 2015, the bridge was opened in a festive atmosphere.
In order to ensure the construction of access interchanges, it was planned to dismantle 611 buildings on the left bank of the Yenisei. This work was actually completed by mid-2018.
Flaws
At the same time, during the construction of the Nikolaevsky bridge, certain shortcomings were discovered. Thus, the audit of the accountingChamber of the Russian Federation at the beginning of 2016 found that the throughput of the bridge was 50% less than the declared one, which was supposed to be 3,300 cars / hour according to the plan. At the same time, the allocated budget funds for the construction were used in full.
One of the reasons for this problem was that the exit to the left bank was not built, which provided for the approved plan of the Nikolaevsky bridge in Krasnoyarsk. Certain problems were uncovered in the process of buying out real estate subject to demolition.
Currently, the authorities from Krasnoyarsk are gradually eliminating these problems and shortcomings.
Archaeological finds
During the construction of the Nikolaevsky bridge, as a result of earthworks, amazing archaeological finds were discovered. In this area, the remains of ancient animals were found, including the mammoth, as well as household items of ancient people who inhabited this area about 17,000 years ago. In early 2016, during the construction of the junctions of the Nikolaevsky bridge in Krasnoyarsk, the remains of an ancient woman were unearthed, which archaeologists attributed to the South Siberian anthropological species. This find was recognized by scientists as the most important for the entire period of archaeological research in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Choose name
The name of the bridge was given in 2018. It follows from official information that the inhabitants of Krasnoyarsk chose the name Nikolaevsky (Nikolaevskaya Sopka is located nearby). The builders gave the bridge the name Koshkin Most, after the name of the head of Sibmost OJSC - a structure that was among the mainbridge construction.
Among other bridge builders, he was called Volochaevsky, after the name of the street located in his alignment on the left bank of the Yenisei. There have been proposals to call it Afontov, in honor of the nearby Mount Afontova, which is recognized as a valuable and unique archaeological site in Siberia.
Local representatives of the "Double-Headed Eagle" society believe that the bridge was named after Emperor Nicholas II. This, in their opinion, is confirmed by public polls and direct participation in defending the name of the mayor of Krasnoyarsk Eremin. Representatives of this organization prove that it was in this place that the future emperor of Russia stopped during his trip to Siberian cities at the end of the 19th century. And also the fact that it was thanks to him that the first railway bridge over the Yenisei was erected in this place, which became a real miracle of the Siberian region, put on a par with the famous Eiffel Tower.
The Nikolaevsky Bridge of Krasnoyarsk has become an important structural element of the city's transport infrastructure and blends seamlessly into the environment, becoming a striking landmark.
