In the Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug, the largest city is Surgut. The population is over 300 thousand people. Surgut has become an important transport hub, the oil capital of the Russian Federation, an energy and industrial Siberian center.
History
In 1594, on February 19, the tsar issued a decree to build a new city on the banks of the Ob River. For this, V. Onichkov and F. Baryatinsky took 155 servicemen. So a new city was founded, named Surgut by Russian explorers. A copy of the royal decree is stored in the city museum of local lore. And February 19 is considered the founding day of the city.
It is located on the right bank of the river. Ob. The place for the city was not chosen by chance. In those days, furs were in great demand. In Siberia, there were a lot of sables, ermines, arctic foxes, etc. Gas and oil were discovered much later - in the twentieth century. The initial area of Surgut was small - only a few dozen houses and outbuildings were built on it.
At first, the population of Surgut numbered only 155 servicemen and their families. Plus a small detachment of clergy, interpreters, an executioner and watchmen. Two years later the king increasedthe number of the city, sending 112 soldiers there to help. In 1782, the status of the city of Surgut was assigned for the first time. But in 1826, due to the small population, it began to be called a village. In 1965, active development of gas and oil fields began. And Surgut, whose population has increased significantly, received the status of a city again.
Description of the settlement
It is located on an area of 213 square kilometers. The city is located on the banks of the Ob River, in the center of the West Siberian Plain, in the taiga. The relief of Surgut harmoniously combines mountains and plains. The city is considered one of the regions of the Far North. Winter lasts almost nine months. Surgut is conditionally divided into three zones: the central part, the Old Town and the industrial zone.
There are five official districts:
- North;
- Oriental;
- Northern Industrial;
- Central;
- Northeast.
Note that the city of Surgut was founded in an area where there are many lakes and swamps and a very cold climate. Therefore, houses in the city are built very durable and warm. Considerable attention is paid to high-quality thermal insulation. The city is very clean, but it is not always possible to completely remove the snow due to capricious weather.
Surgut has its own airport, which has international status. In 2001, a terminal was opened that can handle 150 people per hour. The city has a railway and a river port. But it is active only in the summer. Here are located one of the most powerful power plants in the world - GRES 1 and 2. On the territory of Surgutavailable:
- meat processing plant;
- bakery;
- brewery;
- dairy.
Time in Surgut: the difference with Moscow is two hours. This variation arose due to the distance between cities, which is 2143 kilometers. The flight by plane will take only an hour and a half.
Population
There are more people in Surgut than in Khanty-Mansiysk. And the latter is officially the administrative center of the region. The majority of Surgut residents are able-bodied citizens aged 25-35. The population growth per year is almost 2000 people. Mostly people are employed at oil producing and processing enterprises.
The population as of January 2014 was 332.3 thousand people. People have been coming to Surgut from all over the country since the sixties. Therefore, in the city you can meet many different nationalities. The main population is Khanty and Mansi. The number of unemployed in Surgut is constantly decreasing.
Population in 2016
Currently, one of the major industrial centers of the Tyumen region of the Yugra district is the city of Surgut. The population for 2016 was 348,643 people. This is the data of the State Federal Statistics Service. The information is confirmed by the interdepartmental information system and the official EMISS Internet portal.
Demography, level and quality of life of the population
Thanks to the support of the government, due to numerous social programs, the death rate has noticeably decreased in Surgut. And the birth rateincreased by about seventy percent. Partially at the expense of young people coming to Surgut for permanent residence. The population that lives in the city permanently is almost 340 thousand people. If we count together with the surrounding cities (Kogalym, Nefteyugansk and Nizhnevartovsk), then it is 900,000.
Surgut is considered a youth city for a reason. It is home to 86,000 young people aged between 14 and 30 years old. In 2015, the average salary in Surgut was about 45 thousand rubles. According to forecasts, the population growth in the near future should reach 3,000 people. In 2015, according to statistics, 176 thousand people entered the category of the active population. And this is over fifty percent of the total number.
Surgut has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the district. Monetary incomes of the population in 2015, compared to 2014, increased by twenty-nine percent.
