The topic of this article is the population of Orel and the Oryol region. How many people live in this region of Russia, and what are its main demographic indicators? What nationalities live in Orel, and what is its total population?
Orel is a small and beautiful city 350 kilometers from the Russian capital. It is the center of the region of the same name - Orlovskaya.
Orel - a city on the Oka River
The city is located on both banks of the Oka River. It is known to many Russians by the huge figure of an eagle installed in one of the central squares.
The unusual name of this settlement is associated with one interesting legend, according to which Ivan the Terrible himself called the city that way. In 1566, the tsar ordered the construction of a powerful fortress on this site, which would protect the state from periodic attacks of the Crimean Tatars from the south. When the builders began to harvest wood in the local forest, a huge and magnificent eagle flew down from one of the old oaks. "And here is the owner of the city!" - said one of the men. Hearing the remark, Ivan the Terrible ordered to name the future city like that -Eagle.
In the same article we will pay attention to the demographic issues of the settlement and the region.
Eagle population: last census data
The results of the last census in Orel reflected all the instability of the demographic situation in this city. So, for the period from 2002 to 2010, the total population of the city of Orel decreased by almost 18 thousand people. For a 300-thousander, this is quite a lot.
The reason for urban depopulation is typical for most of the regions of modern Russia - the death rate greatly exceeds the birth rate. The average life expectancy of Oryol residents is 70 years. Moreover, between the female and male half of the city in this indicator there is a significant preponderance in favor of women (76 and 64, respectively).
The only positive trend that is currently observed in the demographics of the city is a slight positive migration increase in its population.
If we consider the population of Orel in terms of territorial distribution, then most of the people live in the Zavodskoy district of the city (every third Oryol citizen lives here). The smallest number of residents was recorded in the Zheleznodorozhny district (only 20%).
The ethnic structure of this city is quite monolithic: about 97% of the total population are Russians. In addition to them, Orel also became the homeland for Ukrainians (1.1%), Armenians (0.4%), Belarusians (0.3%) and some other nationalities.
Population of Orel and its dynamics over the years
As of the beginning of 2015, the city has 317 thousand inhabitants. Exactly one hundred years agoorlovchan was three times less. Until the early 1990s, the population of the city was characterized by stable growth. However, then demographers began to record its annual decline.
The historical maximum population of Orel was recorded in 1995 (344 thousand people). But for the period from 2000 to 2014, the number of city residents decreased by exactly 25 thousand.
Eagle's main demographic problems
The population of Orel, alas, is declining. And this is doubly insulting if we take into account the almost ideal natural and climatic conditions for life and the clean ecology of this settlement. Winter here is quite mild (by Russian standards, of course), summer is not very hot. In the vicinity - the most beautiful nature. It would seem that the city should attract a huge number of people who want to settle in it. But there is one big "but".
In Soviet times, a number of industrial enterprises were created in Orel. Among them - rolling, glass, as well as factories for the production of machine tools and devices. However, today all these enterprises are at the stage of closure. Therefore, the prospects for life in this city are still very vague.
Orel is characterized by a high unemployment rate of 2.2 percent. In addition, several hundred more people working at one of the enterprises will remain unemployed in the near future. The city authorities, of course, are trying to somehow solve this problem. In particular, the city hall, for its part, in every possible waycontributes to the development of private enterprise in the city.
In addition to depopulation and unemployment, this subject of the Russian Federation is characterized by another acute demographic problem. This is a general "aging" orlovchan. Every year fewer babies are born in Orel, so the age pyramid in the city is increasingly shifting towards the elderly. However, this problem is typical for most modern Russian (and European as a whole) settlements.
Population of the Oryol region
765 231 - this is exactly the population of the Oryol region recorded at the beginning of 2015. The average population density for this region is low at 31 people per square meter.
The demographic situation in the region as a whole is similar to the situation in the city of Orel. The processes of population depopulation began in the region in the early 1990s and continue today.
The ethnic structure of the inhabitants of the region is dominated by Russians (about 96 percent). Next come Ukrainians (1%), Armenians (0.5%), Azerbaijanis (0.28%) and Belarusians (0.24%).
Orlovans speak the southern dialect of the Russian language, one of the special features of which is the so-called "Akanye".
In conclusion…
The population of the city of Orel continues to decline. If in the early 1990s about 340 thousand people lived here, today it is only 317 thousand. In addition to depopulation, this city is characterized byand other acute social problems - the "aging" of Oryol residents, as well as a large shortage of jobs.
