The port city of Magadan is located in the Far East, on the coast of the Tauiskaya Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk. It is called the "Gate of Kolyma", because the entire cargo flow intended for the Kolyma Territory goes through the port. The city owes its birth to the port. Thanks to him, they deliver most of the cargo and all the fuel, without which the city simply would not have survived in the harsh Kolyma winters.
Establishment of a port city
The port city of Magadan was founded in 1929 as a settlement for workers in the extraction of gold and other minerals in the Kolyma Territory. The need to build a port for the development of this practically uninhabited region, rich in minerals, was acute. This was due to the remoteness, inaccessibility and lack of a railway. The only way to deliver goods is by sea. The first pier was built in 1932. In 1933, the first row was put up, which made it possible to moor one ship. The second pier, 77 meters long, was built in 1935.
Originally portwas called Nagaevo, and only in 1977 it received a new name - the commercial seaport of Magadan. Its value for the region is difficult to overestimate. After all, it is by sea that 99% of cargo is delivered to the Kolyma Territory, including 100% of liquid and solid fuels, building materials and equipment.
Port location
The port of Magadan is surrounded by hills on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, in its northern part - Nagaev Bay. It is located on the Tauiskaya Bay, on the Staritsky Isthmus connecting the mainland and the peninsula. The latter is located between two bays - Gertner and Nagaev. The shore of the bay is pressed into the Tauyskaya Bay between Cape Sery and Chirikov. Its width is 10 km in the middle and gradually narrows to 3 km towards the exit. The length of the bay is 17 km. The depth is 25-28 meters. All parameters indicate that the maneuvering of vessels is not constrained by anything.
The currents in the area of the bay are weak, tidal, rivers do not flow into it, there is no silting. The ice period lasts almost 200 days. Navigation is year-round: in winter it is provided by icebreakers, one of which is called Magadan.
Port specification
Today, there are 13 berths in the port, including: 3 for oil products, 2 for cargo containers, 8 for other cargo. The total length of the berths is 1989 meters. Sea area 17.38 km2, port area 32 ha. Within these boundaries, the port has existed since the 80s of the twentieth century, together with the portinfrastructure. The throughput capacity of the Magadan port is 2,790,000 tons, of which 200,000 are liquid. Cargo turnover - 1300 thousand tons.
The port is currently used at half capacity. The peak of cargo turnover was in the 80s of the twentieth century and amounted to over four million tons. The fact is that the port was designed and built in the 60s. The calculation of its capacity was carried out for cargoes of completely different categories, the development of a harsh region, and the provision of the necessary conditions for its inhabitants. Today the goals are completely different. But even in our time, the port is ready to process cargoes of all nomenclatures.
Seaport today
The port is connected with the Kolyma Territory by the highway M-504 "Kolyma" with a length of 2167 km. It passes through the significant villages of the region and Yakutia, connects the city with the mainland. There is no railway, a characteristic feature of most ports. Most of the cargo flow is carried during the navigation period.
Large stevedoring companies operate in the Magadan seaport. Magadan Commercial Sea Port JSC carries out the processing of dry cargo ships. Two companies, OAO Kolymtransneft and OOO Tosmar, process oil cargoes. All works in the port are mechanized. For this, 15 gantry cranes operate, the lifting capacity of which is from 10 to 40 tons.
Large-capacity containers are unloaded at berth No. 5, here special reloaders are used, the carrying capacity of which is 30.5 tons. There are universal loaders, crawler and truck cranes. There are production and auxiliary subdivisions in the port of Magadan, such as repair shops, an electrical workshop, a car depot, a mechanized transshipment complex, an ASTR section.
Local transportation
Not so long ago, the city of Magadan celebrated its 85th anniversary. The port today can receive large vessels, it is open for navigation all year round. Corresponding directions are the ports of Vanino, Nakhodka and Vostochny. Cargoes of various types are also transported along foreign economic flows: Magadan - ports of the USA, Magadan - ports of South Korea.
Ships of any state can enter the port of Magadan. There is a customs and border post, as well as a customs warehouse. Cargo turnover is slowly but surely increasing. It is planned to create a number of mining companies, which will undoubtedly lead to an increase in cargo transportation.
The local fleet, located in the waters of the port of Magadan, transports the necessary food and industrial cargoes to the Kolyma and Kamchatka settlements located along the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk.
