The current president of Brazil is the 36th in a row since the founding of the presidential republic and the introduction of this office in 1891.
Rise of a Kingdom
Interestingly, until 1889 Brazil was a kingdom. How could a monarchy have arisen in a Portuguese colony? First, João VI in 1806 officially made the South American city of Rio de Janeiro his capital. He escaped, thus, from Napoleon, who captured one European country after another. But then, in fact, Brazil remained still a colony and only by chance ruled the metropolis. In 1821 the king returned to Portugal, and his son Pedro I remains Viceroy of Brazil.
The end of the monarchy and the first president
In the absence of the king in Portugal, the opposition of the absolutists intensified, which demanded the abolition of the monarchy in general. In order to maintain power, Pedro I declares Brazil an independent kingdom, which lasted until the creation of the Presidential Republic of Brazil.
Manuel Dedoru da Fonseca is the firstPresident of Brazil. Coming from a family of military aristocracy, Deodoro da Fonseca in 1886 heads the province of Rio Grande do Sul and becomes the head of the abolitionist (advocating the abolition of slavery) movement. In 1889, he led a military coup, and the monarchy fell, and Deodoro da Fonseca became the head of the provisional government. On February 26, 1891, he was proclaimed head of the republic. But the first president of Brazil did not have a development program for the country and could not hold on to power. In the same year, 1891, on November 23, Congress impeached him. The following August, Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca died.
Stages of building a republic
The time of development of this largest country in South America after the overthrow of the monarchy is conditionally divided into 5 periods. The first of these is the Old Republic. The time of its existence begins in 1889 and ends in 1930. It is followed by the Vargas Era - 1930-1945 and the time of the Second Republic - 1946-1964. The military dictatorship that began in 1964 ends in 1985. The present, or New Republic, replaced the Military Dictatorship in 1985 and continues to this day.
New times
The period of democratization of society began after the expiration of the term of the last military president. Brazil's first civilian president, Tancredo Nevis (1910-1985), was elected to office by the Electoral Commission, but died before he even took the oath.
The reign of the next president, Jose Nevis, was celebratedthe fact that at the very beginning he legalized ten parties (even the communist one), and, most importantly, under his leadership, a new democratic constitution of the country was developed and adopted on October 5, 1988, which is still in force. According to it, the President of Brazil began to be elected by popular vote. In 1997, the constitution was amended to allow the incumbent to run for a second term.
Beautiful and powerful
The penultimate president of Brazil (photo attached) Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was in power from 2003 to 2011
And from January 1, 2011, the country was headed by the beautiful Dilma Vana Rousseff (Rousseff). The biography of this bright woman is very interesting.
In 2005, she headed the da Silva administration, becoming the first woman in the country's history to hold this post. And before that, from 2003 to 2005. she was energy minister. This was a very difficult sector of the economy, as at the end of the second term of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2003), an energy crisis arose in the country, especially in the southern regions.
Since January 1, 2011, Ms Rousseff has been President of Brazil. This is the first time a woman has been elected to this post. In 2011-2012 according to Forbes magazine, Dilma Rousseff was recognized as the third most influential woman in the world.
Half European woman
The current president of Brazil (photo can be seen in this article) was born in 1947 in the family of a Bulgarian political emigrant. active memberCommunist Party of Bulgaria Peter Rusev was forced to leave his homeland in 1929. In France, he changed his surname to Rousseff.
Having visited Argentina, Dilma's father settled permanently in Brazil, where, after a while, he married a local girl Dilma Jean Coimbra Silva. Three children grew up in the family of the current President of Brazil. So, Dilma has an older brother, Igor, and a younger sister, Jean Lucia. All children received a good primary classical education, which included music lessons (piano) and the study of foreign languages.
Paternal Genes
Dilma Vana herself, who graduated in 1977 from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul with a degree in economics, is fluent in, in addition to her native Portuguese, French, English and Spanish. The current president of Brazil, whose biography was associated with revolutionary activities from a young age, took up politics after the 1964 military coup. As a result, the legitimately elected 24th president of this country, João Gelard, was overthrown and fled abroad.
In her younger years, Dilma Rousseff belonged to a radical faction of the Socialist Party called the National Liberation Team. Its goal was an armed struggle against the military dictatorship. The girl herself did not take part in hostilities, but still two years from 1970 to 1972. spent in jail.
Legal politician
In those terrible years, bloody military dictators were in power in many Latin American countries. Impossible and scaryimagine that such a charming and beautiful woman was tortured and beaten in the dungeons. Rousseff came out of prison sick. In the future, this courageous woman was engaged only in legal political activities. For quite a significant period of time, Dilma Rousseff was a member of the Democratic Labor Party. But since the 1990s, she moved to the Workers' Party, in which she worked closely with Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.
And in 2010 she was nominated for the presidency of the country. Her program was fully supported by the then head of state. In the first round of elections, held on October 3, 2010, she defeated José Serra, the representative of the Social Democratic Party, with almost 47% of the vote. With 56% of the vote in the second round, Dilma Rousseff became the first female president of the most developed country in South America.
A bright personality and a strong woman
What is the name of the President of Brazil, many people in our country know. After all, this country, together with Russia, is part of the BRICS, which is much talked about in the media.
As for her personal life, Dilma Rousseff was married twice. The only daughter of the President of Brazil, born in her second marriage, recently gave her a grandson.
In 2009, this strong woman managed to defeat a terrible disease - cancer of the lymph nodes. This story, like the scandal with wiretapping of her US NSA phones, is remembered by everyone. The current president of Brazil, Dilma Rousseff, has two of the highest foreign awards - Spain and Bulgaria.
