The largest city in Russia, Yakutsk, is located in the permafrost zone. The population living on its territory is equal to approximately 300 thousand inhabitants. But if you make a census of all the nearest and adjacent villages, then this figure can grow to 330,000 people. This means that about thirty percent of the people of the entire republic live here.
General information about the city
The area of Yakutsk is 122 square kilometers. It is the largest settlement in the northeast of the country and the third largest city in the Far East. That is why the capital of the Republic of Sakha is Yakutsk. People from all over the region come here to get education, live and work. The city is located on the banks of the Lena River, due to which it is also considered one of the largest river ports. Also on the territory of Yakutsk there are many lakes and oxbow lakes.
Infrastructure
Administratively, the city is divided into various districts and towns. Industry is notreceived proper development. And the industries available in the city exist only to maintain the life of the settlement. Nevertheless, Yakutsk is considered a major center of business and trade. The population living in this city works mainly in the above areas. Therefore, the economic basis of the capital of the republic is entrepreneurship. There is no railway station in the city. In this regard, a component of all cargo flows passes through the river port. In the village, travel is carried out using buses and various taxi services.
Inhabitants
At the beginning of the eighteenth century, only about thirty thousand people lived in this city. Since then, the figure has changed significantly. And already on January 1, 1990, the population of Yakutsk was approximately 192,000 citizens. During this period, there was an active migration to its territory of rural residents from different regions of the republic. In the next ten years, there was a significant outflow of people. Basically it was the Russian-speaking population of the city of Yakutsk. Therefore, in 2000, the number of residents living in the city did not change significantly. It was equal to 196 thousand.
Since the 2000s, migration to this settlement began from the countries of Central Asia, China and the Caucasus. Thanks to this, the population of the city of Yakutsk began to grow rapidly. Already at the time of 2010, it amounted to 267,000 people. This positive trend continued in subsequent years. Thus, as of January 1, 2016, according to the datathe last census, approximately 315,000 inhabitants live here. Of these, 167,000 are women, 148,000 are men. The birth rate in this locality is high, so almost every family has three children. The average age of a resident of Yakutsk is about 45 years old.
Diverse national composition
It is considered a multinational city of Yakutsk. The population here consists mostly of Yakuts, of whom approximately 145,000 people live in this settlement. There are about 114,000 Russians here, but there are many other different peoples. Caucasians live in the city, but mostly Ingush. There are also small diasporas of Armenians and Chechens, who do not conflict with each other at all. And even in case of any interethnic disputes, they support each other. In addition, the following nationalities live here: Ukrainians, Tatars, Buryats, Ossetians, Poles, Lithuanians, Kirghiz, Evens, Tajiks, Koreans, Moldovans, Dagestanis, Chinese and others.
What religion does the population recognize?
Due to such a large number of different peoples living in the city, religious organizations are also represented quite widely. There are a large number of prayer houses of different faiths. There are five Orthodox churches in Yakutsk, as well as Old Believer communities. Catholics and people professing Islam, Buddhism and other various religions also live on the territory of the settlement. Recently, the population of Yakutsk was interviewed by employees of a large research service. The results revealed that 27% of local residents do not believe in God at all.
How has the population changed over the past ten years?
According to the latest data collected from the census in the city, it was revealed that since 2003 the number of residents has increased by about 20%. Of these, 205,000 are of working age and 44,000 are pensioners. Therefore, at the moment, Yakutsk ranks 67th among other settlements in Russia in terms of the number of residents. Unfortunately, such an increase in population is not observed in the industrial regions of the republic. People leave from there to study, and later to work in the capital, so the population there decreases every year. The city of Yakutsk in this case acquires its new residents.
Expert forecasts for the future
Last half of the year, a regular meeting of the Yakutsk City Duma was held on budget issues, as well as the social and economic life of the settlement. A development plan for the center of the republic for the next four years was put on the agenda for consideration by local officials. During the meeting, the head of the economic department of the administration of the entire district, I. Timofeev, spoke. According to him, the city in the near future will have to maintain its leadership among other settlements of the republic in terms of the turnover of consumer goods, as well as the turnover of retail trade, public catering, housing commissioning and, accordingly,building services indicators.
Social protection of the population in Yakutsk with all this should also increase its level, due to which the number of residents will continue to grow. And already in 2017 it will amount to approximately 325,000 citizens. The deputies expect that the birth rate in the city will remain at a fairly high positive rate, and should also continue to grow due to the large influx of people from other regions.
According to experts working in the social sphere, the average salary will have to be about 50 thousand rubles. The highest level of salaries will remain, as before, for employees working in the mining industries, in the financial sector, as well as in the field of military security and in the administration of public administration. Communications and transport workers can also expect an increase in their wages in the near future. With regard to agricultural activities, the forecasts of specialists are not so encouraging, as everything will directly depend on the implementation of projects in this area.
Facts
It turns out that the peak of the birth rate in the capital of Yakutia was recorded in 1987, and in 1991 a record was set for the number of visitors to the city. In 2010, the fewest children were born on the territory of Yakutsk over the past thirty years. And in 2012, the record was broken for immigration to the capital of the Republic of Sakha from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, as well as many regions of Russia. According to sociologists, by 2020 the number of pensionerscan reach approximately 38% of the total number of people living in this locality.
From all of the above, we can conclude that people living in this permafrost region do not feel disadvantaged at all. Residents of the capital of Yakutia are endowed with conservative views on politics and always try to support the current authorities of the country, since the existing leaders have created for their city all the necessary conditions for social protection of the population and allow Yakutsk to develop as a whole. Therefore, the settlement cannot be called a shift camp at all, where people come only to work. This is a full-fledged administrative center of the largest region, where infrastructure and all spheres of life are developed. Be sure to visit this huge, beautiful, colorful town: its inhabitants are very hospitable and friendly.
