The embankment of academician Tupolev stretches for almost a kilometer and a half along the bank of one of the Moscow rivers - the Yauza. The embankment is located in the Basmanny district of the Central Administrative District of the capital. The beginning is considered from Syromyatnicheskaya embankment, ends with Lefortovskaya embankment.
What is remarkable about this one and a half kilometers along the river bank?
History of the place
In order not to get confused, one must understand that the embankment did not always bear the name of the famous aircraft builder Academician Tupolev.
Along the current Elizavetinskiy Lane until the beginning of the XX century. a small but restless tributary of the Yauza, the Chechera River, flowed. In many places, the river was blocked by numerous dams, which were arbitrarily installed by the townspeople. Therefore, during high water, water from Chechera overflowed and flooded not only warehouses, residential buildings, roads, but also the complex railway facilities of three Moscow stations located nearby.
At the beginning of the XX century. the city authorities carried out a big project: small ponds were filled up, and Chechera was enclosed in an underground collector pipe. In 1910 lanes appeared on the site of the riverbed. Chechersky and Elizabethan. At the same time, it was planned to ennoble part of the river and arrange an embankment. This passage along the river bank was to be divided in half by S altykovskaya Street, therefore it was supposed to name the embankments S altykovskaya and Razumovskaya - in honor of Count Razumovsky, who once owned all these lands. The river bed was not lined with stone.
Starting from 1936, Moscow's water management has been changing: the remaining ponds in the area are filled up, the winding channel of the Yauza is straightened and cleared, the Zolotorozhsky bridge is being demolished, and an artificial island with a dam and a sluice is being erected instead.
Embankment covered with asph alt.
Who is Tupolev
Aircraft designer Andrey Nikolaevich Tupolev is known to everyone in our country. After all, it was he who invented more than 100 types of aircraft of various purposes and designs. The most famous are TU aircraft, which carried passengers and cargo to the USSR. On the ANT aircraft created by Tupolev, domestic pilots conquered the North Pole, made transcontinental non-stop flights. About 80 world-class records were set on Tupolev's aircraft. He created supersonic aviation.
Not only Moscow remembers academician Tupolev: the name of the laureate of numerous awards, state awards are on the streets in 20 cities around the world.
Modernity of the Tupolev embankment
In September 1973 emb. academician Tupolev appeared in the capital of Russia. The place was not chosen by chance.
It was here, on the banks of the Yauza, in 1918 that an aircraft design bureau and a factory were opened, where prototypes were created. The association was called TsAGI, A. N. Tupolev headed it for many years.
Now Academician Tupolev embankment is being built up with modern skyscrapers. Residential complex "Cascade" was erected on the site of factory buildings. But two buildings of JSC Tupolev have been preserved; the work of the famous aircraft builder is still continued here.
Interesting buildings
The only historical monument on the embankment of Academician Tupolev is the gateway.
It was designed by G. Goltz, a well-known neoclassical architect, and N. Beseda.
Syromyatnichesky (or, as it is also called, Yauzsky) hydroelectric complex No. 4 was built simultaneously with bridges in the central part of the capital during 1937-1939. in order to enter the Water Ring of Moscow. After the reconstruction of the Moscow waterway system, the gateway was to become part of the front face of the capital from the side of the waterways.
That is why the decorative elements of the Yauza lock were extremely important.
An island was created for the hydroelectric complex in the Yauza channel, the adjacent territories were allocated for the buildings - all of them together created an original architectural ensemble.
Architect G. P. Golts tried to take into account all factors:
- bend of the river channel, creating a certain angle of view on the structure;
- lining arrow island;
- proximity of river banks.
Sluicethe complex includes 3 buildings, which are interconnected by light metal bridges, a spillway dam and a shipping lock. The lock was built for chamber vessels as a single-chamber, small one, the water level is 4 m, the chamber is filled in 5 minutes. With the help of a lock, the water level in the river was regulated, preventing flooding.
The building on the island is decorated with an antique portico of the Greek order, which houses sculptures made by N. Wentzel, I. Rabinovich, O. Klinice, N. Shilnikov. The niches of the facades facing the river are decorated with frescoes by the artist M. Olenev. The transformer station on the right bank is also made in the Greek style and looks like a temple, the area in front of it is decorated with a fountain.
Thus, buildings with an exclusively utilitarian purpose turned into a real decoration of the Academician Tupolev embankment.
In 2005-2006 the Syromyatnichesky hydroelectric complex was repaired, the dam mechanism, which had not worked since the 60s, was restored. But there is no access for visitors to this interesting hydrotechnical facility, just as there is no passage to the Tupolevskiy and Razumovsky berths, which are used for the technical fleet.
However, Academician Tupolev Embankment is a great place for Sunday walks with the whole family, cycling and rollerblading.
Transportation
The first tram went along the embankment in 1932, it connected the remote area of Lefortovo with railway stations. And today you can ride tram number 24 along the Yauza.
Closest to the waterfrontthere are 3 metro stations:
- Kurskaya of the Circle Line;
- Kurskaya of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line;
- Chkalovskaya, Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line.
