The population of Severomorsk is 52,255 people. This is a city located in the Murmansk region. It is the center of the closed administrative-territorial formation of the same name. Severomorsk is located on the Kola Peninsula in close proximity to the regional capital (only 25 kilometers away). In addition, this is a strategic seaport for the country on the eastern shore of the Kola Bay, which does not freeze, which is important for navigation. Here is the main naval base of the Russian Northern Fleet. The city is the sixth largest city outside the Arctic Circle.
History of the city
Severomorsk's population has remained largely stable throughout most of its history. This, of course, was influenced by the status of a closed city. Although in the 90s, as in most of the closed cities of Russia,there was a massive outflow of residents to larger settlements.
The first settlement formed on this site appeared around 1896-1897. The inhabitants were engaged in fishing, hunting and cattle breeding. By the time of the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, only 13 people lived here.
At that time, the settlement was called Vaenga, that was the name of the river and the bay in this place. And the word itself comes from a Sami expression meaning a female deer.
Northern Fleet base
The population of Severomorsk began to increase after it was decided to establish a base for the Russian Northern Fleet on this site.
By 1926, an office was operating in Murmansk itself, which was engaged in logging. One of the artels was just sent to Vaenga. In the village for the workers of the artel, a barrack-type hostel was built, a bathhouse was installed, and the first telephone line was laid. So civilization came to the future Severomorsk.
The decision to organize a base for the Northern Fleet in this bay was made in 1933. From next year until the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War, there was an active construction of brick and wooden houses, as well as military facilities. An airfield for naval aviation appeared on the neighboring bay. In August 1941, the work was mothballed, as it was necessary to send the main forces to resist the Nazi invaders.
When the war was over, work on the formation of a naval military base was resumed. Soviet army leadershipwas confirmed in the decision that it was on the basis of Vaenga that it was necessary to arrange the main place for basing the Northern Fleet. There were many strategic advantages here, including the landscaping already in place.
In September 1947, the management and headquarters of the Northern Fleet moved to the future Severomorsk from Polyarny, which by that time had lost its significance. In the same year, a secondary school was opened here. Almost 4,000 people permanently lived in Vaengi. In 1948, a village council of deputies was organized for the first time in the village.
Modern history of Severomorsk
Severomorsk received its city status and its current name in 1951. In the 60s it was already thoroughly equipped. It produced its own bakery products, operated a sausage factory, a workshop for the production of soft drinks, and launched a swimming pool.
In 1996, Russian President Boris Yeltsin issued a decree according to which Severomorsk was transformed into a closed administrative-territorial entity due to the fact that a large naval base is located in this place. The city district included the urban-type settlements of Safonovo, Safonovo-1, Severomorsk-3, Roslyakovo and Shchukozero.
Population dynamics
The first official data on the inhabitants of the city, and not the workers' settlement, date back to 1959. At that time, the population of Severomorsk was 28 thousand people. The base of the Northernfleet, so a significant part of the inhabitants were military.
By 1967, the population of the city of Severomorsk increased significantly, 44 thousand people settled in it. The city to which our article is dedicated passed the psychological mark of 70 thousand in 1979.
By the end of perestroika, the population in Severomorsk was already more than 62 thousand people. In the 1990s, a planned decline in numbers began, as in most small Russian cities. If in 1992 the population of Severomorsk was equal to 67 thousand inhabitants, then by the 96th it had decreased to 58.5 thousand. In the 2000s, when the socio-economic situation began to improve in the country, the outflow of the population from Severomorsk continued. Apparently, the fact that the city became closed played a role.
By 2010, only 50 thousand inhabitants remained here, the population reached its minimum in 2014, when less than 49 thousand people lived in Severomorsk. After that, a slow but steady increase in population began. Now the population of the city of Severomorsk is officially 52,255 people.
Industry and economy
Since Severomorsk is a major naval base for the Russian fleet, industry is not particularly developed here. The food industry is the backbone of this industry.
True, this situation persisted until recently. Now almost all companies in the food industry that have been operating since the Soviet Union are not functioning. Works onlyThe Severomorsk dairy plant, the sausage factory was declared bankrupt and liquidated, the bakery, which was a branch of the large all-Russian company Khlebopek, was closed, the Toni plant, which specialized in the production of soft drinks, is not functioning.
The vast majority of products in Severomorsk are imported, so their prices are significantly inflated.
Currently, shipbuilding and construction enterprises are operating, while the infrastructure of housing and communal services, trade and consumer services is developed at a fairly high level.
Unemployment rate
The unemployment rate in Severomorsk is quite low, it is about half a percent of the city's economically active population.
On average, about 150 people apply for help in finding a job every month. All of them find help in the employment center of Severomorsk at Korabelnaya Street, 2. You can get here by public transport, having reached the Korabelnaya Street stop by bus number 1.
The system of social protection of the population of Severomorsk has been developed. Employment assistance is provided to disabled people, minors (for example, during the summer holidays), people of pre-retirement age, refugees, mothers with many children and single mothers, graduates of secondary and higher educational institutions who are trying to find a job for the first time. For such categories of citizens, certain measures of social support are provided.
Most Popular Job Center Jobspopulation of Severomorsk - managers, store staff, technical and service personnel.
Geographic location
Severomorsk is located beyond the Arctic Circle, on the territory of the Kola Peninsula. It is located in the zone of permafrost, so there are special living and working conditions. The city is located on the eastern, mostly rocky, coast of the Kola Bay, which is related to the Barents Sea. Directly on the lips of Vaenga and Varlamov.
The climate in the city to which our article is devoted is relatively mild for these places. It has cool summers and mild winters. In January, the average temperature is around minus 8 degrees, and in July around minus 12. Approximately 800 millimeters of precipitation falls throughout the year.
Local government
Currently, Vladimir Evmenkov is in charge of the city. He took over as head of Severomorsk in September 2017.
Attractions
One of the main attractions of Severomorsk is the monument to the heroes of the North Sea and the defenders of the Arctic, also known as the "Monument to Alyosha". This is a kind of symbol of the city. It is a figure of a sailor who holds a machine gun in his hands. The sculpture, 17 meters high, is mounted on a 10-meter pedestal in the form of a submarine deckhouse. It is located in the city center on Primorskaya Square in 1973.
Almost all the sights of the city, one way or another, are connected with the militarythe history of the city. On the Northern Hill, not far from Primorskaya Square, there is a monument to the Artillery Heroes who fought in the Northern Fleet. This is also a very famous monument - a 130 mm gun, which is usually used on ships, is mounted on a concrete pedestal.
In 2013, a memorial was opened in Severomorsk to local residents who did not return from the war. They are reminded of the Soviet armored personnel carrier MT-LB, which can swim. It is dedicated to the residents of the city who died in the line of military duty in the North Caucasus and Afghanistan.
In 1983, the monument "Torpedo Boat" was unveiled in Severomorsk. During the Great Patriotic War, it was commanded by twice Hero of the Soviet Union Alexander Shabalin.
From the same year, a branch of the Naval Museum of the Northern Fleet operates on the territory of the city to which this article is dedicated. It is housed in the museum "Submarine K-21".
