From the school bench we all know where the north is and how cold it is. But there are territories that are called "regions of the Far North." They are located beyond the Arctic Circle, where there is a forest-tundra, tundra and an arctic zone with a very harsh climate, in which it is not so easy to acclimatize. On the vast territory of our country in some regions there are areas that, in terms of their natural and climatic characteristics, are equated with the conditions in which the regions of the Far North are located. For example, Ulagansky and Kosh-Agachsky administrative regions in the Altai Republic, located in the zone of high mountains and the spread of permafrost.
Features of the natural conditions of the north
North of Russia is known for its harsh climate, in which you need to have excellent he alth to live and work. The peculiarities of the natural conditions and climate of this territory include: extremely low winter air temperature, severe and long winter, cold short summer, ultraviolet deficiency, violation of photoperiodicity (duration of day and night). This also includes lightstarvation in the polar night and light excess in the polar day, oxygen starvation and rarefied air, sharp jumps in humidity and temperature, atmospheric pressure. Here, geomagnetic and gravitational disturbances are pronounced, the influence of space negatively affects.
Adaptation stress of the body
All of the above factors, as well as a forced reduction in physical activity, frequent and long flights (with a rotational method of work), periodic climate change reduce the efficiency, immunity and he alth of people who come to the Far North. Most often this is expressed in the acquisition by a person of cardiovascular diseases, hormonal and metabolic disorders. According to doctors, it takes several years for a visitor to adapt to the northern climate.
Work in the Far North
In the Soviet period, one could get to the Far North on a Komsomol ticket, enlist voluntarily for construction projects, geological expeditions, and oil, gas, and gold mining enterprises. Among the newcomers were those who were forcibly settled for re-education by labor and harsh living conditions. Works in the Far North and at the present time, as they say, no end. Basically, the work is related to the extraction of oil and gas, the laying of oil and gas pipelines, the construction of roads, residential and industrial premises. Firms-employers for shift work recruit young people who have been examined in a medical institution and have medicalhe alth report. Medical examination of employees is carried out periodically. In the north, mainly working speci alties are in demand: drivers of trucks and special vehicles, drillers, welders. Pregnant women and mothers with children under three years of age, guardians of minor children, male fathers engaged in raising children without a mother, as well as persons who do not meet the age limit are not allowed to work in northern conditions on a rotational basis.
Privileges for working in the Far North
For all able-bodied northerners who live there permanently or work on a rotational basis, a number of benefits are established at the legislative level, divided into 2 groups. The benefits of the first group are cash payments for the difficult natural and climatic conditions of the territories where the regions of the Far North of Russia are located. These benefits include: an increased regional coefficient, monthly and growing salary increments along with the length of service, additional payments for temporary disability, additional leave, benefits to pensions, benefits for joining a housing construction cooperative. The benefits of the second group are used only by workers of a certain category who moved north in connection with public conscription with the conclusion of an employment contract for a period of 3 years (or 2 years if labor activity will take place in the island territory of the Arctic Ocean). This group of benefits includes: compensation for relocation, reimbursement of expenses for returning to the place of former residence at the end of the employment contract, a one-time allowance in case ofrenewing the contract for another period, booking housing at the place of previous residence, benefits for calculating seniority upon retirement. Some of these benefits will also be available to family members of the worker. The employer may also specify other benefits in the employment contract.
