It should be noted that adverse climatic events are always in the spotlight. And this, perhaps, is not surprising, because all of us, sometimes without realizing it ourselves, are under their influence. Although, of course, a lot also depends on the place of residence of each particular person. For example, in the middle zone of our state, droughts and strong winds are quite rare, but floods and floods are typical for the Far East.
Agree, although adverse climatic events in Russia happen much less frequently than, say, in the United States or, for example, in the Balkan countries, our plans for the day can still be spoiled by showers, heavy snowfalls or terrible heat. And these are just a few of all the possible options.
This article aims to acquaint the reader as deeply as possible with such an important topic as adverse climatic events. In six sections, all the necessary theoretical information will be given, and the global nature of the problem will be revealed onbased on the most characteristic examples.
Natural conditions. General information
Under natural conditions it is customary to understand geological features, fragments of relief, landscape zoning and climate of a particular area. In principle, all of them are not directly involved in production, but nevertheless, to a large extent, they predetermine the organization of both life and economic activity of the population.
Of course, they have the strongest influence on agriculture, because its efficiency and specialization directly depend on the water regime of the territory, its climate and the degree of soil fertility.
People's life is also affected by natural conditions, i.e. of course, the need for one or another type of housing, diet and clothing of a person depends on them.
Taking into account all the above information, we can conclude that such conditions mainly determine both the social and economic feasibility of building certain settlements, transport routes and industrial enterprises. In addition, it can be confidently stated that adverse climatic events determine the development of mineral resources.
Human dependence on climate
In general, the climatic conditions of our state, even with all their severity, are not some insurmountable obstacle to both the conduct of a successful economicactivities, as well as directly for life. It should be noted that a significant part of the Russian population still lives in regions with a continental and temperate continental climate.
What is the severity of the climate? According to scientists, first of all it consists in severe frosts and winds, as well as in long nights during the cold season.
By the way, do not forget about the onset of a long polar night in the north and north-east of the state. Note that in this area the climate is considered quite severe, however, people still continue to actively explore these regions.
Today, the government is doing everything possible to increase the population density in regions that are characterized by adverse climatic events in Russia, which is why labor here is paid much higher than the national average.
Russian climate
Russia is actually a huge country located in several zones at once, therefore its climate is quite heterogeneous, and it is unlikely to be able to describe it using just a few sentences.
For clarity, a special table "Adverse climatic phenomena" was compiled, showing what exactly a person should be afraid of when he finds himself in one or another corner of our vast country.
We tried to cover every climate zone of the state.
| Name of climate zone | Adverse climate events in Russia | Where are most common |
| Moderate | Low temperatures in winter, heavy rain and snow, drought, floods | Most of the country's territory |
| Arctic and Subarctic | Heavy snowfalls, low temperatures | Islands belonging to the Arctic Ocean and continental regions located in the Far North |
| Subtropical | High temperatures, drought, dry winds, strong winds | Black Sea coast of the Caucasus |
Droughts and dry winds in Russia
It is not for nothing that these natural phenomena are classified as the most dangerous in our country. The thing is that, as a rule, they cause significant damage to horticulture and fruit growing, and this applies to both private households and the scale of the entire state.
In most cases, drought comes on suddenly, and it is almost impossible to prepare for it in advance.
On the territory of Russia, it can occur at any time of the year, except, perhaps, winter. The most disastrous season is considered to be without rain in the spring, immediately after the snow melts, in a hot summer or winter before the first frost.
A long period without precipitation and low humidity is fraught with severe drying of the soil, small lakes and evenshallow rivers. Most often, a drought, repeated two or even three years in a row, causes great harm to the region's agriculture.
Hail and heavy rains
When talking about adverse climatic events in Omsk, Moscow or, say, Saratov, one cannot but mention such purely summer events as showers and hail.
By the way, according to meteorologists, hail is considered the most destructive for central Russia, which falls during a thunderstorm from 12 to 17 hours. In general, the center of the non-chernozem zone belongs to the zone considered to be the most affected by this type of precipitation. For example, in the Moscow region during the year, on average, hail can fall from 2 to 4 times.
The size of hailstones is directly proportional to the amount of damage done. As a rule, such an ice pea has no more than 3-5 mm in diameter, but there are also larger specimens up to 10 cm. The weight of an individual ice piece is about several grams, but there were specimens weighing up to 0.5 kg.
First of all, hail is very dangerous for fruit and berry plants: it knocks down blooming flowers, fresh young leaves and fruits, and sometimes even irreparably breaks the stems of raspberries, currants, blackberries and other shrubs.
As a rule, hail is considered the most dangerous, falling during the flowering of plants. This can partially or completely destroy the crop. As a result, the trees in the gardens are completely bare - not only without fruits, but also almost completely without foliage. It feels like inin an instant you are transported from spring to late autumn, when the ground under your feet is almost completely covered with berries and fallen fruits.
By the way, it should be noted that hail damage on trees (both trunks and branches) is very difficult to heal. Such plants are subsequently easily damaged by various pests and diseases.
Forecasts for the future
There is a fairly strong belief that if any adverse climatic events await the Earth in the near future, it is a significant increase in the average annual air temperature and global warming.
Russian scientists decided to test this pattern on the basis of our country and came to a surprising conclusion. It turns out that there is a strange pattern: Russians are more likely to suffer from cold weather, blizzards, piercing winds and frosts than from sweltering heat. Apparently, the whole point is in the northern location of the state.
For example, in 2013 there were 23 especially frosty days, 37 frosts and 35 cases of severe snowstorms. But for all this, both the Russians themselves and all the necessary equipment were fully prepared, so the collapse did not occur either in the social or in the transport sphere.
But there were only 12 hot days, and even then mainly in the southern part of the state. Heavy precipitation annoyed the Russians 95 times, dangerous storm winds - 75. It should be noted that this kind of trend has been observed for several years already.
By the way, we note that strong snowstorms and prolonged snowfalls in most casesaccompanied by higher temperatures than normal clear weather. But the wind, in turn, can increase the feeling of cold. That is why a blizzard may well be perceived as a particularly cold phenomenon. An example is Chukotka. Here, locals consider the blizzard to be one of the most unpleasant manifestations of global climate change. The thing is that this type of precipitation can last for several days, or even weeks, almost completely depriving a person of the opportunity to move around.
