The economic security of the individual is guaranteed by the state. The security of systems at higher levels depends on this. A person is most vulnerable to the impact of various negative factors. Therefore, there are a number of norms that allow you to protect a person from negative influences. It is an important part of the country's national security. This concept will be discussed further.
General definition
The concept of economic security of the individual began to be applied only at the end of the last century. Prior to this, security was considered only on a global scale. The security of individual subjects was not given sufficient attention. The state was entrusted with the mission of protecting the integrity of its territorial borders. Special arrangements may have been made for this.
However, in the 90s of the last century, the world community revisedrelation to the concept of "security" in general. Since that time, the leading countries of the world began to consider it not only at the macroeconomic, but also at the microeconomic levels. Even if it was contrary to the interests of some other state, the citizen was guaranteed the protection of his interests.
Under the security of the individual, you need to understand the security of all people who live in this state. This is necessary to ensure conditions for their survival and development. The more stable the social sphere of the state, the higher the indicators of its global security.
The system of economic security of an individual is considered from the point of view of different concepts. However, they all have their common provisions. All concepts consider the protection of the individual as a priority. Man is at the center of such international discussions. They emphasize that the state has an obligation to guarantee and ensure the safety of its citizens.
Protection of the individual and national security
Socio-economic security of an individual means that a person is guaranteed the protection of vital interests, conditions for development. There is a clear relationship between this concept and national security. Thus, the relevant institutions of power guarantee the protection of national interests. To do this, each of its subjects must be able to develop properly. This stimulates economic and technical development, the formation of military potential, etc.
All other security systems presentHuman. Each individual forms a common, global system. Therefore, by providing personal security, the state forms a stable base for creating protection at all other levels. Personality can be negatively affected by many factors. These can be political, ethnic, environmental, natural hazards. As a result of such phenomena, the person suffers first of all. Therefore, personal protection is a multifaceted concept. Man is considered as a biosocial system. It is viewed from two points of view simultaneously: social and natural (living) beings.
The economic security of the individual, state and society are inextricably linked. They influence each other. At the micro level, the ongoing processes form the basis for the development of more global structures. And vice versa. The situation at the national level creates the conditions for the harmonious formation of each individual subject.
Directions
There are several areas of economic security of the individual. Article 17 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation regulates the rights and freedoms of all citizens. For this, certain work of the state is carried out, which is carried out in several directions. Economic security is formed by a number of conditions. They arise from the characteristics of such a subject as a person. It is not only a social, but also a biological being.
One of the priority areas of personal safety is protection from adverse environmental impacts. A person can be seriously hurt bythe appearance of negative trends in this area. Food security is also an important area of personal security. The state guarantees the availability of a sufficient amount of food, which eliminates the occurrence of hunger and other adverse factors.
The economic and information security of the individual are closely related. Personal data, as well as a person's life itself, should not be made public. This allows you to avoid fraud, illegal actions. With the development of information technology, this problem has become more relevant than ever.
Another important aspect is labor safety. This area includes the activities of the state, which relates to reducing unemployment, ensuring normal working and rest conditions, receiving decent wages, etc. Funds are also being created to pay benefits to the unemployed, which helps to avoid poverty and other adverse consequences.
Separate areas are also personal security in the field of education, culture, and medical care.
Legal
The relevant authorities, executive institutions are responsible for ensuring the economic security of the individual. Article 17 of the RF Constitution is the basis for this process. Also, the legal basis for ensuring the protection of the individual is created by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, other legislative acts that are related to social problems, he alth care, education, etc.
The subjects of economic security are material production,social security, potential jobs for workers, etc. In this case, the object is society and every citizen of the country.
The subject of ensuring the economic security of the individual is to analyze the factors, identify negative trends that affect the individual and society as a whole. Based on the studies carried out, measures are being developed to eliminate such trends. This allows you to make such shifts that would minimize the negative impact of such factors. This allows you to harmonize the processes in the system, provide the necessary conditions for the development of the individual. At the same time, an assessment of the quality of socio-economic management is carried out. If necessary, adjustments and changes are made to existing schemes.
Strategy
The economic security of the individual and the state is ensured by the development of an optimal strategy. It includes a number of mandatory actions. First, a description of the existing threats is carried out. Next, the state of the economy is assessed, as well as its compliance with existing criteria for the security of the individual.
Based on the research carried out, measures are being developed to ensure the economic protection of the population, the vital interests of all members of society. For this, actions (administrative, legal, economic) are taken by the relevant institutions of state power. Next, they evaluate the execution status of the createdprograms, and also control the state of economic security of the individual.
Personal rights and freedoms
Ensuring the economic security of the individual is carried out at the highest levels of government. The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees a number of rights and freedoms to the citizens of the country. They can be social, civil, economic and political. Each of these areas has specific tasks. A special place in this system belongs precisely to economic rights and freedoms. They ensure the harmonious development of the individual, provide an opportunity to participate in economic processes for all citizens.
This area primarily includes the right to private property, as well as freedom of entrepreneurial activity. This provides a stable foundation for a person to accumulate the resources necessary for life, create a material base for his proper development and formation.
Also, one of the important areas of economic rights and freedoms is the freedom of labor. Each person can choose for himself a profession that suits his abilities and interests. This allows you to express yourself as a person in the social process of reproduction, to make a certain contribution to the national economic system.
At the same time, economic rights and freedoms are closely connected with the social sphere. In this direction, the state guarantees that every citizen will be able to receive social security if necessary. The right to education, housing andfree disposal of their abilities. To protect economic and social interests, the right to he alth care, protection of motherhood is also guaranteed.
Responsibilities
Economic security of an individual can be ensured only with the coordinated work of the entire system. Every citizen is guaranteed certain rights and freedoms. However, in return, the state requires the fulfillment of a number of obligations. Without this, the existence of a common system becomes impossible.
Citizens must abide by the norms of the Constitution. They must pay taxes, in accordance with the developed legislation. Also, all people living in the country must protect nature and the environment.
For all citizens, the rights and obligations are the same. Therefore, everyone must respect the freedoms provided for by law. Respectful attitude towards each other and towards the surrounding world allows us to comply with the established norms of the law in full.
The established rights and obligations represent the ideal standard of conduct for all people in this country. However, in reality, it is not always possible to create conditions for the proper development of the individual, the implementation of her duties. Therefore, there are a number of threats that can affect security on a global scale. Therefore, the relevant authorities are working to reduce negative trends in society.
Threats
Due to the inability to provide an ideal environment for the development of personality, there are certain threats. They affect the system to a greater or lesser extent, reflecting on the macro levels of state protection. There are internal and external threats to the economic security of the individual. They lie in the environment.
The most common threats are a significant increase in differentiation in property and social terms among the population. In a developed society, there must be a significant stratum of middle class people. The poor and the rich in this case are in the minority.
Also one of the threats is the uneven development of regions. This leads to tension between different groups of people. This hinders the harmonious development of society as a whole and its individual structures in particular. Also a significant threat is poverty, poverty. It makes people commit crimes. Therefore, many developed countries provide benefits to the unemployed, on which you can live well. This reduces the risk of robberies and other negative phenomena.
Unemployment is also a threat. Among the economically active population, this phenomenon should not be. Therefore, the authorities are taking various measures to eliminate unemployment.
Also, a threat to the development of the individual in economic terms is the increased criminalization in this area. This does not allow the development of small, medium and large businesses. The population becomes unprotected from various material and physical losses.
Security indicators
External and internal threats to the economic security of the individual are manifested by a change in a number of indicators. Therefore, in the process of monitoring the implementationstrategic programs they are investigated in the first place. The indicators that demonstrate a decrease in the level of economic security of an individual include a decrease in the level of GDP per capita, as well as a real decrease in the level of the minimum wage in various sectors of the national economy. This is especially noticeable in the social sphere.
Deviations between the minimum and maximum income of the population is also estimated in the course of research. A state is considered dangerous when this indicator differs by 45-50 times. This is especially significant when comparing incomes in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other Russian cities.
Differentiation in incomes of 10% of the poor and rich categories of the population should not exceed 7.8 times. In our country, this figure is more than 15 times.
Also, the level of hidden unemployment should not exceed 13 times. Demographic indicators are also evaluated. These include the ratio of mortality and fertility, average life expectancy.
Another important indicator is the crime rate. It is calculated per 1000 population.
Current situation
Existing threats to the economic security of the individual, which are relevant for our country, lead to the development of destructive phenomena in the economy. The decrease in the level of security is manifested in several aspects. As a result, the controllability of the economy by the state is falling.
The current situation in the state is such that GNP growth is gradually declining. At the same time, the economic positions of the country in the domestic and foreign markets are weakening. Soas the budget does not receive the funds necessary for development, the standard of living of the population falls. Social programs are curtailed, financing of important spheres of life of the population is stopped. This significantly worsens the situation in the country.
The state is taking a number of actions to protect the economic security of citizens in the current circumstances. Strategic plans are being formed to reduce the impact of negative trends. This is necessary to create conditions for the development of individuals, households, organizations, industries and the economy as a whole.
Having considered the main aspects of the economic security of the individual, one can understand the importance of its provision by the ruling state bodies. This is necessary for the stable and harmonious development of society, the country as a whole.
