Kamensk-Uralsky is one of the cities in the Sverdlovsk region. It ranks third in terms of the number of inhabitants and economic development in this region. It is a significant center of industry and culture in the Middle Urals. It is also a major road and rail junction. It is distinguished by a difficult socio-economic situation and unfavorable ecology. The population of Kamensk-Uralsky is 171.9 thousand people.
Geographic features
Kamensk-Uralsky is located on the gentle eastern slope of the Urals, at a distance of 96 km from Yekaterinburg. In this place, 2 rivers merge: Iset and Kamenka. The area of the city is 142 sq. km. The dimensions along the meridian are about 27 km, and along the latitude - 15 km. The average height is 167 meters above sea level. y. m.
Kamensk-Uralsky is located on the dividing line of Siberia andUral.
The climate here is continental. Anticyclonic weather with frosts is typical for winter. At the same time, depending on the direction of the wind, significant fluctuations in air temperature can be observed. Summer is not hot, with frequent intrusions of cold air masses from the Arctic seas.
Precipitation is 467 mm, most of the rain falls in the warm season.
History of Kamensk-Uralsky
The history of this production center dates back to 1701, when the first metallurgical plant was built to provide the country's armed forces. At the end of the 19th century, it was declared obsolete, and in 1926 it was completely closed. At the same time, light industry was actively developing here. In the 20th century, an aluminum and pipe factory was built. Now Kamensk-Uralsky is considered a major industrial center of the Urals.
Population of Kamensk-Uralsky
The population of Kamensk-Uralsky was very low until the end of the 1930s. After that, it began to increase rapidly. In 1931, only 8,700 inhabitants lived in the city, while in 1939 - already 51,400, and in 1956 - 122,000 people. Such a rise was explained by the active construction of enterprises. In the 1990s, the number of inhabitants stabilized, and since 1995 it began to gradually decrease. The maximum was in the early 90s - 209,000 people.
The decrease in the number of residents of Kamensk-Uralsky continues in recent years. In 2017, there were 169,929 people. This iscorresponds to 110th place in the list of Russian cities. The decline in the population of Kamensk-Uralsky may be due to the unfavorable social and economic situation, of course, bad ecology also affects.
Metallurgical enterprises cause air and water pollution with heavy metals, which leads to an increase in the level of morbidity. The quality of tap water and local products are declining. The waters of the Iset River are the most heavily polluted, where 13 industrial facilities pour their effluents at once. Even swimming is forbidden there, but this obstacle does not stop fishermen. Flocks of dead fish are found from time to time.
Pipe, metallurgical, silicon factories and some other enterprises of the city pollute the air the most. Against this background, the contribution of motor transport is very small - only ¼ of the total impact. The rest comes from factories.
Unfortunately, it is high mortality that makes the greatest contribution to the dynamics of the population of Kamensk-Uralsky. Natural growth in the city is negative. Workers often develop chronic respiratory disease associated with silica dust exposure.
The impact of unfavorable environmental conditions is a frequent occurrence in the Ural region. Thus, the population of the city of Kamensk-Uralsky largely depends on the environment.
Age and national structure of the population. Gender Composition
The bulk of the populationKamensk-Uralsky (Sverdlovsk region), the number of which we consider in this material, are Russians and Tatars. In recent years, migrants from the republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus have begun to actively arrive in the city. They mainly work in the field of trade, but there are also many who go to enterprises.
There are 58.6 thousand pensioners in the city, of which 25.1 thousand are employed. They work in places where young people do not want to go, and thus receive an increase in their pensions.
7 universities have been created for young people, 2393 students study there, and 11 colleges with 4952 students.
In general, there are 26.2% of pensioners in Kamensk, and 56.3% of people of working age. The birth rate is 2425 people, and the death rate is 2618 people.
In the city 44.9% of men and 55.1% of women. Approximately the same situation is typical for the entire region.
Features of the economy. Transport
The economy is based on metallurgy: ferrous and non-ferrous. The proportion of color is several times greater than that of black. To a much lesser extent, machine building, the electric power industry, the food industry are developed, and the production of building materials and light industry products is very slightly developed.
The food industry is represented by a bakery and a confectionery factory. There is even a solar panel manufacturing facility.
Kamensk-Uralsky is a railway junction. There are electric trains and long-distance trains. Near the d. station is the bus station.
Road public transport is represented by buses. The trolleybus was liquidated in2015-m.
Final information
Thus, the population of Kamensk-Uralsky Sverdlovsk region is quite significant, but is gradually decreasing. It grew rapidly throughout the 20th century, but has recently begun to decline. This is due to unfavorable environmental conditions. Because of this, the death rate slightly exceeds the birth rate. Approximately half of pensioners are employed. There are slightly more women in the city than men. There are relatively few students.
