Many people like to pick mushrooms, and this is quite a rewarding activity. At the same time, it saves the budget and is a pleasant outdoor recreation (outdoor relaxation).
Dubovik in the forests is quite rare. Therefore, many mushroom pickers have never seen him and know almost nothing about him. There is a speckled and olive-brown oak tree in its color in nature.
In general, this species belongs to upland mushrooms and is considered one of the most nutritious and valuable products. It grows in oak forests, as its very name suggests. At the same time, sometimes it is found in coniferous, and a little less often - in mixed forests. Collection is usually made throughout the summer and early autumn, depending on the region of growth.
In this article, you can learn more about one of the species - speckled oak. Edible or not, where does it grow, what useful properties does it have? All these questions can be answered briefly in the article.
Varieties
Dubovik belongs to the familybolt. It mainly grows in deciduous forests, more often in the neighborhood of beech or oak, less often with linden and birch. It is also common in coniferous thickets near fir and spruce, as well as in wet swampy areas. In total, there are 3 types of these mushrooms: speckled oak, ordinary and Kele. They all share some common characteristics.
They have a fleshy large hat, velvety in texture, reaching sizes up to 20 cm in diameter. In young mushrooms, it has the shape of a hemisphere, and as it grows, it acquires a cushion-like appearance. The massive leg is slightly thickened at the bottom. Its height is 5-12 cm, and its diameter is 3-6 cm.
A distinctive feature of the mushroom is that when the pulp is pressed, it immediately turns blue. Such a property, for which he received the nickname bruise, is not a sign of his poisonousness.
And the growth period is similar for all varieties of oak: you can meet them in the forest from the beginning of summer to the end of September.
Dubovik speckled: description
This type of mushroom has several names: granular, boletus, boletus boletus, red-legged.
He is beautiful in shape, with a hemispherical dark brown or chestnut-brown hat with light edges. The matte dry surface is velvety at first, but becomes smooth with age. Its tubular layer has a yellowish-olive or reddish-orange hue. The leg is barrel-shaped, up to 10 cm high and about 3-4 cm wide. It is colored yellow-red with reddish small speckled scales, which are locatedchaotically. Dense and fleshy flesh has a yellow tint, only reddish at the stem. The latter also instantly turns blue when cut.
The mushroom is not very widespread. Dubovik speckled in central Russia and on the territory of the Moscow region is extremely rare. More often it can be found in the south of the country, where the very first harvest appears at the end of May.
The mushroom requires a good pre-boiling (15 minutes) with the obligatory draining of the liquid.
Distinguishing Features
The described species differs from the common oak tree in its hat. It has a strongly convex shape even in old mushrooms, and is much darker in color.
The main difference is also the shape and color of the stem: at first it is cylindrical or barrel-shaped, and then a thickening appears in the lower part. It does not have a dark mesh, instead of it there are red specks and scales. They became the reason for the appearance of such a name.
The speckled oak is a conditionally edible mushroom, therefore, as noted above, it must be boiled before use.
Useful properties
Dubovik, like many other mushrooms, has some useful properties. Trace element composition:
- iron (maintains normal hemoglobin content in the blood);
- copper (promotes the formation of pituitary cells, participates in various regenerative processes and blood formation);
- zinc (accumulates in the pancreasgland - helps to improve digestion and absorption of nutrients).
The he alth benefits of this mushroom are undeniable. The beta-glutoins contained in it have a positive effect on the immune system. The use of speckled oak, like other species, improves heart activity, strengthens blood vessels, normalizes blood pressure and reduces the risk of atherosclerosis. It has a mushroom and antioxidant, antiviral and anti-inflammatory action, reduces the risk of cancer.
It also contains a huge amount of vitamins: A, C, PP, A, C, D, B. The special taste and excellent healing properties of oak have been known for a long time.
Specialists positively assessed the he alth benefits of the mushroom. It can be eaten in s alted, dried, boiled and fried form.
Storage of mushrooms
Dubovik speckled mushroom can be stored. Freshly picked, they can be kept in the refrigerator for up to 2 days, and boiled - up to 3. After this time, toxic substances that can harm the body begin to be released from these mushrooms.
Dried oak trees are stored either in a plastic ventilated container or in a cotton bag, only a certain distance from heat sources should be observed. Provided that the room temperature is not more than 18 degrees, mushrooms can be stored for about one year.
In conclusion
It should be remembered that the oak tree is very similar to the poisonous satanic mushroom, which is itsfalse double. You can distinguish it by a lighter hat and smell. The poisonous mushroom smells rather unpleasant.
The bruise, like the common oak tree, has many useful qualities. Just 2 tablespoons of boiled mushrooms fills the daily need for iron, zinc and magnesium.
