Pneumatic spring-piston gun: description, principle of operation

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:55

Today, on the arms counters, a wide range of different "pneumatics" is presented to the attention of fans of wind weapons. Of all the types of pneumatic weapons available, the spring-piston system has proven itself well. The article contains information about what a spring-piston air gun is.

How does a blowgun work?

Unlike military weapons, air pistols and rifles are fired without burning gunpowder. The ejection of a bullet from the barrel channel is carried out by compressed gas or air, which gives the bullet the necessary energy.

How are products classified?

"Pneumatics" can have a different purpose, design, workmanship, and, consequently, different cost. chiefThe criterion by which wind weapons are classified is the method of initial compression of the gas. Modern models of "pneumats" are products equipped with the following mechanisms:

• Pneumatic PCP. Systems with manual or compressor pre-pumping. The pistols are equipped with special containers, into which air is pumped with the help of a pump.
• Pneumatics using carbon dioxide. Pistols are equipped with special cylinders that contain CO_2.
• Blow gun with a spring-piston system. A pneumatic spring-piston pistol (PPP) shoots with the help of compressed air, which is formed due to the movement of the piston under the influence of an expanding spring. This type, unlike the other "pneumats", has a simple design.

How does the PPP mechanism work?

The design, which is equipped with a pneumatic spring-piston gun, consists of the following parts:

• Cylinder.
• Springs.
• Pistons and cuffs.

During the cocking of the piston, the spring is retracted and fixed in the rear position. The piston is cocked with a lever. This function is performed by a breakable trunk. After pressing the trigger, the spring is released and, moving forward, pushes the piston, which, as it moves inside the cylinder, reduces the air gap, thus creating the pressure necessary for the bullet.

According to the owners, the weak point of such "pneumats"considered a spring. Improper operation and storage of weapons can adversely affect its resource. To avoid this, it is recommended to store the "pneumat" only in a discharged form. To do this, after using the pistol, open the cocking spring by firing a blank shot.

If the standard spring or piston cuff has already become unusable, you can fix this by equipping the pneumatic pistol with a spring-piston gas spring. In models with HP, the piston is affected by compressed gas. Reduced spring setback, recoil and noise are characteristic features of such “pneumatics”. Despite the high cost of gas springs, air guns equipped with HP have a number of advantages:

• Shooting is much quieter. This is ensured by the absence of shocks against each other turns of the steel spring.
• Recoil decreases.
• Shooting is characterized by constant power. This is due to the fact that the gas spring is not subject to shrinkage during operation.

Product from Izhmash

Among lovers of wind weapons, spring-piston air pistols IZH MP-53M have become very popular.

Outwardly, this model is very similar to a rifle with the stock removed and the barrel shortened by half. This weapon has an initial speed of 100 m/s. According to the owners, the manufacturer slightly underestimated the speed: in reality, it is 110 m/s. The characteristics of the aiming range were also underestimated. The product data sheet statesindicator of the aiming range of 10 meters, while this "pneumat" has high accuracy at a distance of 25 meters. The maximum range is 100 m. Lead bullets of 4.5 mm caliber are used for shooting.

The pistol has a muzzle energy of 3 J, which allows it to be effective only for training shooting, but not for hunting, since hunting "pneumats" need 15 J. Especially for training shooting, this "pneumat" is equipped with a unique whole, allowing adjustment in two planes.

Recoil when shooting

In the design of "pneumats" using preliminary pumping, there are no moving massive elements, which cannot be said about spring-piston mechanisms. Judging by the reviews of the owners, the pneumatic spring-piston pistol has a strong return. When fired, the weapon jerks back.

Diana MP-5 Magnum

This is the most powerful spring-piston air gun. Unlike the Russian MP-53M and Turkish Hatsans, this "pneumat" has a capacity of 7.5 J, which many owners have already appreciated.

The pistol is cocked by breaking the barrel. The bullet flies out under the influence of air, which is formed as a result of compression of the mainspring in the cylinder. The trigger device is somewhat different from the MP-53M.

In the MP-5 Magnum, the cocked piston pushes out the sear. Blocking is carried out by a trigger. As a result, there is no dependence on the forcecombat spring. This had a positive effect on the low recoil when shooting. The descent is easy and does not require idling.

Virtues of PPP

• "Pneumatics" with spring-piston mechanisms are easy to operate.
• Have sufficient power over short distances.
• Low price.
• Quiet.
• Caring for the "pneumat" does not require large financial investments from the owner.

Flaws

• The lack of automation forces the shooter to reload every time after a shot.
• Recharging takes a long time.
• High returns. Makes it difficult to use optical sights.

Purpose

Modern "pneumats" PPP, due to their low power, are ineffective as a means of self-defense. Training shooting is an area in which spring-piston pneumatic pistols are used. The price of Izh MP-53M is 2500 rubles.

The German Diana MP-5 Magnum is much more expensive. It can be purchased for $260-$300.