It is known from history that the most demanded weapon in all wars was the weapon of mass destruction of mankind. So it was in the last century. Over time, during the conduct of wars, the main achievement was not the inhabitants and territories, but the economies of countries. That is why the electromagnetic bomb is of great value in this century.
In modern wars, most operations are performed by robotic systems: drones, self-propelled automated installations, etc. With the help of such technologies, it is possible to carry out reconnaissance, demolition and defense operations without loss of personnel.
This weapon upgrade causes a number of problems for the enemy, because it takes time to calculate the location of the enemy. The invention of fundamentally new technologies makes it possible to neutralize electronic and robotic equipment at a great distance.
The principle of the electromagnetic bomb is based on nuclear weapons. The damaging factor is electromagnetican impulse that disables all equipment in the area in a short period.
The radiation of the charge is directional, and the propagation speed is 40 thousand times the speed of the head of a ballistic missile.
An important feature is the launch: due to the fact that the radiation cannot be bent, the bomb should only be activated from open positions. This feature creates many problems in the fight against the enemy, because disguising weapons in an open area is not an easy task.
The first inventions and the possibility of their application in the modern world
The main requirement for the design of a modern bomb is to ensure the formation of a spherical shock wave during the explosion. A good example is the nuclear charge, the design of which consisted of a plutonium ball and 32 charges of various shapes (12 five-sided and 20 six-sided). The difficulty in achieving the required parameters caused a gap in the time of detonation and dispersion. This discrepancy was a millionth of a second. An electronic device weighing about 200 kg was used for time compensation and launch.
One of the first devices known to mankind, which actuated a warhead, is the Sakharov generator. The design of the latter consists of a ring and a copper coil. Without such a generator, it is impossible to launch an electromagnetic bomb. The principle of operation of Sakharov's invention is as follows: detonators, which explode synchronously, initiate detonation, which is directed towards the axis. At the same time, the capacitor is discharged and a magnetic field is formed duringinside of the coil. Due to the excess pressure, the shock wave closed the formed field inside the device.
Because the action time is limited, a current was formed inside the generator, which stopped the process of energy emission. This reason led to the unsuitability of the use of Sakharov's invention for the emission of electromagnetic energy. Despite this fact, the device can be used for peaceful purposes - to generate pulsed currents.
The task and principle of operation of modern weapons from the point of view of science
From the descriptions of the studies, it can be understood that when a new generation of weapons is launched, a powerful shock wave appears, which has a high frequency and enormous power. When an electromagnetic bomb explodes, the consequences will be as follows: microprocessor equipment (small household, computer, etc.) will stop functioning or stop working for a while. The same applies to power lines, television and radio stations. Aviation will also not be able to function under the influence of the rays.
The he alth of living beings is endangered: if there are various cardiac stimulators or metal implants in the body, the chances of surviving after being hit by a wave are reduced.
The components of the bomb are:
- Cylindrical resonator. The material of manufacture must have high electrical conductivity.
- The detonator that powers the device.
- Explosive.
During detonation, the resonator is compressed. At the same time, the diameter of the cylinder decreases several times. The electromagnetic field, due to the inability to expand, acquires a higher frequency of oscillation. After a few seconds, an explosion occurs and the waves hit the required area.
Increase in power and area of effect with modern technologies
In order to increase the damaging effect that an electromagnetic bomb brings, you should increase the power acting on the target.
This effect is achieved in several steps:
- First of all, the duration of radiation and the highest power are maximized. For this, a more powerful generator is used, which ensures the transformation of the energy of the explosion into electromagnetic energy with greater efficiency.
- To deal a strong blow to the enemy, it is necessary to ensure the complete absorption of waves by objects (ie, deliver as many "weapons" to the enemy as possible). Antennas are used for this purpose. The proximity of the bomb to the target is also considered an effective means.
The impact area depends on how the electromagnetic bomb is arranged. For example, microwaves are designed for small areas. The latter are used to destroy valuable information in the enemy's virtual libraries. Microwave bombs work on two principles:
- With frequency sweep. The variety of generated frequencies allows you to "get" into almost any necessary channel with information.
- Polarizedweapon radiation. In the case of using linear emission, the introduction into the bases loses half of the efficiency. If we are talking about circular polarization, there are completely new and full-fledged opportunities for hitting an object.
Methods and methods of defense against the effects of new generation weapons
Specialists have developed ways to protect systems from the effects of destructive weapons:
- On the network. Since the principle of an electromagnetic bomb is based on destructive radiation of energy, protection devices are installed on the power supply network of servers, shields and feeders. Analyzers are used to control the connection of unauthorized devices. To prevent intrusion, they also restrict access to various elements (for example, power panels).
- On the drive lines. Protective devices are used to protect supply lines. Before installing drive units, the minimum degree of protection against impulses is checked. To prevent intrusion, you should restrict access to the equipment. It is forbidden to place devices on the outside of objects.
- On air. The main "enemy" of the modern world and technology is the electromagnetic bomb. The principle of operation and shielding protection are found to be very effective. The main principles of such actions are: the installation of multi-line protection against destructive frequencies, the use of fiber-optic communication channels, the elimination of parasitic communication equipment.
Developments of the domestic defense industry
The Russian Ranets-E complex received worldwide attention more than 15 years ago. Installationmade on the MAZ-543 chassis. The total weight is 5 tons. The targets for destruction are both ground and aircraft (including guided munitions). Destruction range - up to 14 km.
Among small-sized jamming transmitters, the most reliable are RP-377. These devices can eliminate GPS signals. Thanks to a compact invention, it becomes possible to cause significant damage to enemy equipment, despite the fact that the range of destruction is much smaller than that of an electromagnetic bomb. Russia has developed RP-377 with the following parameters:
- Weight - 50 kg (excluding battery).
- Supply voltage - from 23 to 29.7 V.
- Output power 130W.
- Interference range (frequency) - from 20 to 1000 MHz.
- Total current consumption - 25 A.
- Operating temperature range - from -40 to +50oC.
Some unclassified inventions of air defense and missile defense are the Sniper-M, I-140/64 and Gigawatt. Such devices are based on car trailers. Their purpose is to protect systems (digital, electronic) for various purposes: military, civil, special.
Suppression of enemy vehicles with a new complex
In modern wars, the main value is the economy of the enemy country. Therefore, the military is developing weapons not of mass destruction, but "humane". The latter is a device that does not harm life, but onlyblocks some aspects of it. Despite the "humanity", there is an opinion that the electromagnetic weapon "Alabuga" is more terrible than the atomic bomb. Such a system, like most others, works on a pulse generator. The main task is to defeat the equipment of enemy troops.
The generator is launched at an altitude of more than 200 meters, the radius of destruction is about 3.5 kilometers. Based on such parameters, it becomes clear that one new-generation missile is enough to neutralize a large army unit.
Specialists encountered some problems in the design: due to the rather large dimensions and weight, powerful rockets must be used to deliver the structure. Since the parameters of the delivery vehicle are significantly increased, the weapon is easier to detect by enemy defenses.
Main features of the Alabuga system
Despite its promise, the system still has both advantages and disadvantages. An electromagnetic bomb in a short period disables various military equipment and communications of the enemy. The disadvantages include: large dimensions and weight of the structure, lack of power of the electromagnetic pulse. After all, if the enemy equips the right protection, the damage from radiation will be significantly reduced.
Myths appeared in the discussions of the invention: there is an opinion that it is possible to hide from the radiation of Alabuga only under the 100-meter thickness of the earth. The second common statement is the undermining of projectiles by the force of momentum. Experts refuted such facts, because in order to destroy the shells, it is necessary to heat the latter to critical temperatures, but to perform such an action, the force emitted by an electromagnetic bomb is not at all enough. Russia continues to work on the shortcomings.
Disadvantages of Alabuga's predecessor
As you know, "Alabuga" is not the name of a specific device, but only the project code. When designing and optimizing the latter, the shortcomings of the previous invention, which is called "Knapsack-E", are taken into account.
The imperfection of domestic weapons manifests itself in two directions:
- Extinguishing radiation barriers. This means that cruise missiles only prove effective in open areas.
- Large amount of time between shots. An electromagnetic bomb is launched every 20 minutes. Such a break deprives the system of protection for a long period. It is possible to compensate for such a disadvantage only by increasing the number of combat installations, which is economically unprofitable and inconvenient.
Despite the existing shortcomings, the system worked in conjunction with primitive means of detecting and controlling the air defense forces (command centers and radar). Such interaction made it possible to detect enemy systems and neutralize them in time.
Developments on the neighboring continent
Several years ago, information appeared on the Internet about the experimental use of a new generation of weapons in the United States. US electromagnetic bombs have been successfully tested. Ammunition localactions proved their effectiveness: under the influence of the projectile, all electronics failed.
It is possible to strike several times in a row (for example, if you install a device on board a rocket, drone, etc.). Tests proved the effectiveness of the application: 7 targets were displayed in one flight, which were placed sequentially.
Experiments have shown that missiles can be used from fighters and bombers.
In addition, the States requested the creation of electromagnetic projectiles. According to the requirements, they must ensure the destruction of the means of modern communication, while not affecting a person. Specialists indicate the purpose of the object: they will be used to neutralize civilian, not military targets.
Based on the development of the defense industry of states, the question of whose electromagnetic bomb is cooler: the United States or Russia remains unanswered.
Unique weapons: who are modern ammunition designed for
The Russian Federation is currently the only country armed with electromagnetic warfare systems.
According to the defense industry, the power of the bomb may vary depending on the parameters of the object and the degree of its protection. Weapons invented in the last century (anti-aircraft missiles, grenade launchers, etc.) have little effectiveness compared to the latest technology, which is designed to hit large areas.
Several years ago, electromagneticbombs. To date, it is known that design developments have been transferred to the testing stage. In addition to large projectiles designed for mass destruction of enemy equipment, small projectiles, rockets, etc. are also being modernized and invented.
In addition to the Russian Federation, active development and research is being carried out in the territories of the States and China.
