Practically all types of combined arms combat are the main form of tactical decisions and actions, including organized and coordinated maneuvers of units, formations, groups, battalions and other subunits aimed at hitting targets and suppressing (rout) the enemy. In addition, combat is the reflection of enemy strikes and fire, the performance of other tactical tasks in a certain area, taking into account the coordination of time and place. The main goal of a military battle is the elimination or capture of enemy manpower, destruction, capture of army equipment, weapons, as well as minimizing the possibility of subsequent resistance. Types of confrontation: combined arms, air, sea, anti-aircraft.
The essence and types of combined arms combat (OB)
OB is carried out by the joint forces of subunits, units and other military formations. They include representatives of the Air Force (Air Force), Ground Forces (motorized infantry), Navy (Navy), Airborne Forces (VDV). Depending on the type of combined arms combat, military units decideassigned tasks in cooperation with other military units of the Russian army.
Modern combined arms combat has a number of characteristic features, namely:
- High degree of tension.
- Dynamism and transience of actions.
- Combined ground-air potential.
- Synchronous impact with firepower and electronic devices throughout the depth of the placement of the sides.
- Using various methods to complete combat missions.
- Difficult tactical situation.
The main types of combined arms combat are complex measures for aggregating the participating formations among themselves. This includes continuous reconnaissance, the skillful use of weapons and equipment, as well as individual camouflage and protection equipment. In addition, units must show a high level of organization, mobility, maximum exertion of moral will and physical strength. One of the significant factors is the manifestation of an inexorable desire for victory, firm discipline and solidarity.
Features
To defeat the enemy, units, subunits and other formations use a variety of tactical moves and methods of their implementation, often in all sorts of combinations. Despite the variety of types of combined arms combat and their characteristics, they are classified according to certain types, taking into account the most significant parameters.
These include:
- Actually, the goal that is pursued.
- All kinds of ways to achieve the goal.
- Characteristic features of the behavior of opposing military formations, taken into account the common coalition.
Combined arms combat and types of weapons used
OB can be conducted by different methods of destruction: using conventional, nuclear weapons, as well as other means of mass destruction and variations based on the introduction of new physical principles.
The category of conventional weapons includes a group of fire and percussion devices used by artillery shells, ammunition for engineering, small arms. This also includes rockets in conventional equipment, with a thermobaric (volumetric), incendiary charge. High-precision guidance systems are considered the most effective in this group.
Types of combined arms combat using only conventional weapons include the sequential destruction of enemy units. A particularly important role in this case is played by extremely accurate and reliable electronic and fire damage. At the same time, there should be an impact on reserves and important objects concentrated in depth, as well as timely consolidation of forces and equipment for the prompt completion of the assigned task.
Nuclear-type weapons are among the most powerful ways to destroy the enemy. This category includes all types of ammunition with nuclear charges, including their means of delivery (carriers).
Weapons based on the application of new physical principles are laser, microwave, radio wave and accelerator analogues.
Offensive
This is the main type of modern combined arms combat. The offensive plays a decisive role in defeating the enemy. It is worth noting that only a decisive action in this direction, at a high pace and as deep as possible, guarantees the complete defeat of the opponent. Swiftness during an offensive makes it possible to demoralize the enemy, thwart his ideas and make the most of the results of his fire and nuclear strikes.
The main objective of the offensive is the complete and final defeat of the enemy in the shortest possible time with the simultaneous escalation of important objects and areas of the terrain. The final goal is achieved by the liquidation of the enemy's nuclear attack reserves, his main subdivisions through rocket and air strikes, and artillery fire. Motorized rifle and tank units should also be actively advanced to a great depth, in aggregation with aviation and airborne assault, with a thoughtful exit of units on the flanks behind enemy lines, followed by encirclement, breaking up and destroying it in parts. Depending on the type of combined arms combat and the goals set, an offensive is carried out against a defending, retreating or attacking enemy.
More about offensive types
The attack on the retreating enemy is carried out mainly by pursuit, with the simultaneous defeat of part of the enemy's cover forces. At the same time, the main forces are actively operating along parallel enemy withdrawal routes. The specified maneuver is carried out on the move, as a rule, from the starting point,the removal of which is determined by the senior commander. The subunit is deployed in battle formation during the advancement of a unit or company to the line of transition to the attack.
The main type of combined arms combat is an attack on the defending enemy. In this case, nuclear and fire destruction of enemy positions is assumed using airborne assault. When going on the offensive with the enemy, there may be a direct collision, advancement from the middle, or a breakthrough in defensive positions. In the last option, it is necessary to develop success as deeply as possible, surrounding the enemy, dismembering his ranks and destroying them in small groups.
At the advancing enemy, retaliatory actions are carried out in the form of a meeting battle. It arises if both opposing sides seek to fulfill the assigned tasks through offensive actions. Ideally, the maneuver should end with peculiar methods of defeating the enemy, followed by an onslaught of tank and motorized rifle units interacting with the airborne forces. Infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers should aggregate with them, firing from suitable weapons. As you get closer in battle, other types of weapons are used that can eliminate or neutralize the opponent.
Attack
The main types of combined arms combat and their characteristics involve the attack of motorized rifle groups on foot. This maneuver is used to break through the enemy's prepared defensive system, fortified areas, in areas that are difficult to access for tanks and combat vehicles.
Motorized rifle groups attack the enemy in a chain at a distance from the battle line of tanks. The distance should completely protect the personnel from the explosions of their artillery ammunition, while providing support for the vehicles by firing from small arms. Armored personnel carriers and infantry vehicles (armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles), disguising themselves depending on the terrain, carry out jerks from shelter (line) to shelter. They operate at some distance behind their groups, guaranteeing reliable fire support for heavy armored vehicles and motorized rifle groups.
Attack on BMP
In this type of modern combined arms combat, the actions of soldiers in battle are carried out mainly on infantry fighting vehicles. A similar move is used if the opponent's defense is confidently suppressed, most of his anti-tank weapons are eliminated, or when attacking a quickly occupied defense. In this case, the tanks are attacking following the explosions of the ammunition of their "art". Groups of motorized riflemen on infantry fighting vehicles or armored personnel carriers follow them at a distance of up to 200 meters, firing from all possible guns.
Frontiers
The main types of combined arms combat and their characteristics provide for the creation of various lines (points). They serve for the initial advance, deployment in battalion or other columns, transition to attacking actions, safe removal and other maneuvers. When advancing on foot, motorized riflemen are assigned a dismounting line, and when moving in combat vehicles - a landing point for landing on tanks.
Point of deployment of platoon columnsis determined, as a rule, behind the folds of the local relief, 2-3 kilometers from the front defensive edge of the opponent. The landing point for soldiers landing on tanks is usually a line of 2-4 km on the ground, which guarantees fast and covert loading.
What is defense?
The following is a description of these types of combined arms combat and their brief characteristics. The main purpose of defense is to disrupt or repel an offensive (attack) of a superior enemy, with a retaliatory strike and infliction of significant losses. At the same time, holding important lines and objects remains an important task. A successful maneuver will create fertile ground for a decisive counterattack or a full-fledged offensive.
This is achieved through firing by any means of destruction, including fire and nuclear strikes. All this must be combined with the reliable holding of strategic posts, buildings and terrain, as well as accompanied by extensive counterattack maneuvers. The organization of defense can be of a positional or maneuvering nature, depending on the current conditions, the availability of funds and the assigned tasks. Next, let's take a closer look at the features of both types.
Positional variant
The main types of combined arms combat include positional defense (the main type). It meets the tasks set as accurately as possible, and is carried out by inflicting significant losses on the enemy as a result of the stubborn holding of prepared areas of the terrain and existing objects. Positional modelused in most directions, especially in those areas where the loss of territory is categorically unacceptable.
Mobile Type Defense
It is relevant for inflicting losses on the opponent, gaining time and saving your own human and technical resources. To do this, successive defensive battles are used on previously planned lines, which are deliberately echeloned in depth. This applies regular counterattacks.
Mobile defense allows leaving some parts of the territory. During this maneuver, the military unit, in cooperation with other groups, forces the enemy to launch an offensive, after which he falls into a prepared positional trap or is drawn into an area that provides the most favorable conditions for defeating the enemy using counterattacks.
According to the terms of the transition to defense, it is used deliberately, in case other active or other actions do not make sense. Also, this option of conducting a battle sometimes arises involuntarily, due to an unfavorable situation. The defense is prepared in advance before the start of the main hostilities or is organized during the battle. The transition to defensive actions can be caused by a direct collision with the enemy or without it.
Defense Requirements
The main types of combined arms combat and their characteristics in terms of defense indicate that it must be stably active, have the ability to withstand volleys from various types of weapons, includingthe attack of large units of tanks, infantry, airborne assault and sabotage and reconnaissance groups (DRGs). Among other defense requirements, the following points are made:
- It should simultaneously prevent the advance of tanks, air attack and landing of the enemy.
- To be in depth, equipped for long-term combat, taking into account the possibility of the enemy using weapons of mass destruction, high-precision analogs, and electronic impact devices.
- The personnel of all combat units must stubbornly defend their positions. The same applies to the situation with a complete environment and no connection with support or a neighboring group.
- Without the order of the senior commander, the fighters are not allowed to leave their positions.
Types of modern combined arms combat and their characteristics in terms of sustainable defense are achieved:
- Perseverance, endurance and resilience, high morale of the personnel.
- Timely guessing the enemy's plans in terms of reconnaissance and preparatory maneuvers, calculating the directions of a possible attack.
- Through disguise.
- Deceive the enemy with distractions.
- Skillful use of terrain conditions and available engineering equipment.
- Equipped with a properly distributed fire system, combined with anti-tank points and special barriers.
- Elaborate air defense.
- Instant liquidation of the enemy landing, wedged intodefense.
- Using unexpected tactics that can stun and stupefy the opponent.
- Regular implementation of measures to protect against high-precision and mass-damaging weapons.
- Careful and prolonged holding of defensive lines with the transition to regular counterattacks.
In conclusion
The types of combined arms combat, basic concepts and definitions are discussed above. This information will not allow you to become a great connoisseur of military affairs, since this needs to be studied for more than one year, both in theory and in practice. However, the general basics are presented and sorted out, which will help the average person understand the main terms.
