The Moscow Metro is a large network of underground rail transport in the city of Moscow. It is one of the largest metro networks in the world. The first line appeared in May 1935. Now the Moscow metro consists of 14 lines. Their total length is 379 km. There are 222 stations in operation, plus 1 mothballed. 44 stations are considered cultural objects, and over 40 - architectural. In the future, 29 more stops will be built, and the increase in the total length of the lines will be over 55 km.
Metro map
Now you can find many schemes of track development of the Moscow Metro. All of them are divided into official and unofficial. Official ones can be seen at stations, in carriages and lobbies, while unofficial ones can be seen on the pages of the Web. But even the official scheme has changed several times during the existence of the subway, which is connected both with the additionnew sections and stations, as well as a change in design, which was adapted to new preferences.
The very first scheme of the Moscow metro track development appeared in 1935. It contained detailed information about the travel time between stops and the distance between them. The following did not contain such detailed information. A feature of the first schemes, made before 1958, was a black and white color scheme. The stations were shown in red, and the tunnels between them were shown in black.
From 1958 until the 1970s, the Moscow Metro's track development schemes were tied to a map of Moscow, with some showing it and others not. In the 70s, this idea was abandoned, and the lines themselves acquired a schematic form of straight segments and rounded sections. The design of the scheme has changed a lot, and each line has been designated by a certain color, which, with rare exceptions, has not changed. This structure of the subway scheme is preserved to this day. In the figure in the article, you can see the scheme of the track development of the Moscow Metro.
Later, other modes of transport began to be applied to it - bus lines, a monorail scheme, the Moscow Central Circle and Aeroexpress. The contours of these lines are also sketchy and far from real.
Subway stations
In total, the Moscow metro includes 223 stations. Most of them (220 pieces) are located within the territory of the city. Most of the stations are located underground, and only 12 - on the earth's surface, and 5 on bridges and flyovers. Most of the stops (123) are shallow stations, and 83 are deep ones. In addition to the existing ones, there is also a “ghost station”. It is called "Business Center" and has normal lighting. Another station - "Spartak" - was not completed for a long time, but opened in 2014. There is also a technical stop, which can easily be converted into a passenger one.
The main part of the points has platforms 155 meters long, which can accommodate 8 wagons. At newly built facilities, the length of the platforms is up to 162 meters. The stations of the Filevskaya metro line have a shorter length. They allow serving trains of 6 wagons. The length of the platforms on the Butovskaya line is even shorter - only 90 meters. This is only enough for a 4-car train.
At the stations there is a system of sound information regarding the arrival of trains. Escalators and stairs are provided for descent and ascent. Escalators operate at 132 stations. And the total number of escalators is 878 units.
All stops have lobbies, which can be both above ground and underground. Underground lobbies have stairs to the street, often in the form of a closed pavilion.
Kuntsevskaya Station
This stop was opened on 1965-31-08. It applies to both the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya and Filevskaya lines. Above the station is the border of the Kuntsevo district and Fili-Davydkovo (Western administrative district). The stop is ground. The design is very simple: asph alt pavement and columns lined withwhite marble.
Nizhny Novgorod metro station
The station is located simultaneously on the Nekrasovskaya and Bolshaya Koltsevaya lines. It is located in the Nizhny Novgorod region of the South-Eastern administrative district. It is currently under construction and will open in 2019. The station is classified as a shallow underground facility. There will be 2 platforms, and both are island-type. The tracks of the Nekrasovskaya Line will run between the platforms, and the Bolshaya Koltsevaya Line will run from the sides near the walls.
The design feature will be a large number of multi-colored finishes. Orange, yellow, blue and green colors will prevail. However, not plastic was used, but metal and granite ceramics. Different parts of the station will have different colors, which should improve navigation. Natural stone will also be used (in wall decoration). The floor is planned to be made of polished and polished brown and gray granite.
Stop Kitai-Gorod
This station is located simultaneously on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya and Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya lines. It is also located on the border of two districts of Moscow: Tverskoy and Basmanny (Central Administrative District). The station was opened on January 3, 1971. Kitay-gorod is one of the most crowded in the Moscow Metro.
The station "Kitay-gorod" consists of two stations of deep column type. It became the first in the history of the Moscow metro, where the convergence of lines was used,in which you can go from one to another only after crossing the platform.
Conclusion
Thus, the track development of the Moscow metro stations has a long history that is not over yet. You can get acquainted with an extensive network on any of the official schemes.
