National Park "Shushensky Bor". History of creation, reasons for formation, location and structure

2024 Author: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-02-12 02:53

The National Park "Shushensky Bor" in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is distinguished by its pristine beauty, as well as many monuments of history and archeology. Its location is the border of two climatic zones: taiga and forest-steppe, located on the territory of the Western Sayan and the Minusinsk depression.

History of Creation

National Park "Shushensky Bor" received its status in November 1995. But its history began back in 1927, when a reserve was established here. It was formed in memory of the years of exile (1887 - 1890) of V. I. Lenin, who, being an avid hunter, spent a lot of time in the forests and forests near Shushenskoye.

In 1956, its borders were significantly expanded, and it became a reserve named after V. I. Lenin. In 1968 it received a new name "Landscape memorial forest park". Gradually, its area increased, and in 1987 it amounted to 4.4 thousand hectares. Was herean experimental forestry "Shushensky Bor" was formed, which existed until 1995.

The reasons for the formation of the national park

The unique natural region of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, located in the Sayan mountains until the 60s of the XX century, was practically inaccessible to humans. The construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station, as well as the areas of the Sayan TPK (territorial production complex), the construction of Sayanogorsk and Cheryomushki formed an unusual urban landscape for these places.

An uncontrolled recreational zone 1 to 2 kilometers wide has formed on the border of cities, industrial complexes and taiga. Next came the primeval taiga. But the frontier was inexorably expanding. In order to preserve the existing correlations between the formed zones and the unique natural landscape, the national park "Shushensky Bor" was created in 1995. The total area of the park is 39.2 thousand hectares. It is divided into two forest areas: Perovskoye and Gornoye, located in different climatic zones. The distance between them is 60 kilometers.

Perovskoe forestry

Its location is the South Minusinsk basin. It is an area of intense human activity. Here is the Perovskoye forestry of the national park "Shushensky Bor". In Shushenskoye, to which he adjoins, his administration is located. To expand the village and to conduct economic activities, the pine forest was practically cut down by the end of the 19th century. But by the middle of the 20th century,restored as part of the creation of a memorial forest park, which is part of the reserve museum "Siberian exile of Lenin".

The Shushensky Bor National Park, completely recreated in its natural beauty, today includes the Shushenskoye Historical and Ethnographic Museum. It gives a complete picture of the life of the Siberian peasants during the development of Siberia. On the territory of the forestry, you can admire the Butakovo and Perovo lakes. They are of glacial origin, but are now rapidly swamping.

The pine forests surrounding the village of Shushenskoye grow on sand dunes that were formed over a thousand years thanks to the Yenisei. Here are the highest dunes of the forestry - Sandy and Zhuravlinaya Gorka. From the first mountain you can see the Yenisei and the Koibal steppe, from the second mountain in spring you can watch the mating dances of cranes, thanks to which the dune got its name.

Mountain forestry

Its location is the northern slope of the Western Sayan, the Borus ridge. Mount Poilova is the highest point of the Mountain Forestry, it has a height of 2380 meters above sea level. y. m. This part of the Shushensky Bor National Park is practically not affected by humans.

There are seven lakes formed by the glacier in these places. The most popular and significant are three lakes: Big, Venice and Banzai. Lake Big (more than 1,800 m above sea level) bears such a name for a reason, since its area, 5.3 hectares, far exceeds the rest. From Korshunov Peak (1200 m a.s.l.)Cascades fall waterfall Coil, which has a height of 300 meters.

Climatic conditions

The seas and oceans are at a great distance from the location of the FGBU NP "Shushensky Bor", as it is located almost in the center of the mainland. It was his position that predetermined the weather features of the park. The climate here is sharply continental with dry and very hot summers, when the temperature can reach 40 degrees. Winters, lasting up to 5 months, are snowy and harsh. The temperature at its minimum can reach -50 degrees, and the height of the snow cover can reach 1.5 - 2 meters.

Specially protected area

The specially protected zone was created to restore and reproduce unique ecological systems represented by a wide variety of local representatives of flora and fauna, as well as to preserve natural landscapes. This area is not included in the tourist routes, you can get here only accompanied by employees working in the park, and with the written permission of the administration. Its area is about 2 thousand hectares.

Free zone

The free zone is intended for regulated tourism. This implies the satisfaction of the educational goals of tourists, the provision of all necessary information, the creation of an environment for the safety of the national park, the preservation of natural landscapes.

The nature here is magnificent, but harsh, this is evidenced by reviews of the national park "Shushensky Bor". ATPerovsky forest organized special places for recreation, where shelters with barbecues and grills, special firewood with firewood are equipped. Making other fires in the forest is strictly prohibited.

Organized places for recreation are also located on the shores of Lake Butakovo. In the subtaiga zone, the Taiga cordon is located. At 250 meters from it, the Yenisei carries its waters. There are wooden houses of different levels of comfort, where you can have a good rest at any time of the year. The cordon can accommodate up to 30 people.