Dekabrist Island in St. Petersburg is located in the delta of the Neva River, on the territory of the Vasileostrovsky district, and is an administrative district No. 11.
History of the formation of the territory
The Chernaya (Smolenka) River cuts off from Vasilyevsky Island the territory that was once called Goloday Island, and now the Decembrist Island.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the area of the island was 40 hectares and increased due to the annexation of part of the territory of the nearby islands and Vasilyevsky Island by filling up the channels between them.
In the 1960s, the territories of the islands of Volny and Zolotoy were annexed to the island of the Decembrists. Thus, its area has grown to 400 hectares.
In the 1970s, intensive development of residential areas took place on this territory, according to the general plan for the development of St. Petersburg.
Origin of the name of the island
The former name of the island is Goloday, which means "willow tree" in Finnish. The name was in use until 1920 and was replaced by a more harmonious one - the island of the Decembrists. There was an opinion that it was here that the bodies of the Decembrists M. P. Bestuzhev-Ryumin, K. F. Ryleev,P. G. Kakhovsky, P. I. Pestel, S. I. Muravyov-Apostol, who were executed in 1826 in the Peter and Paul Fortress.
History of the settlement
On the right bank of the Smolenka River there was a Finnish settlement - Chukhonskaya Sloboda. In the second half of the 18th century, this territory was rapidly built up, the first streets appeared - Uralskaya and Dekabristov Lane. At the beginning of the 20th century, industrial enterprises and residential areas were built here. Residential buildings of that time have been preserved on the streets of Zheleznovodskaya and in Kakhovskogo lane.
The island has a rather modest past compared to St. Petersburg, it has always remained on the edge of the city and city life, there are no castles and palaces, imperial parks and architectural masterpieces.
Currently, it is planned to build a commercial and passenger port on the Decembrists Island, and huge territories are being washed in. The city is constantly striving to expand at the expense of the bay, the pace of this process is increasing every year.
Streets and their features
There are four main and largest streets on the island of Decembrists in St. Petersburg: Uralskaya, Shipbuilders, Sea Embankment, Cash.
The youngest and longest is the Sea Embankment. It curves around the Vasilievsky Island and the Decembrists. The same arched street is Shipbuilders Street. These two streets, connecting, resemble a huge horseshoe. Both streets were laid out in the 1970s. The largest buildings located on them are the "Marine Façade" and "Marine Cascade", theirconstruction began in 1999 and continues to this day. The complex of buildings of the Marine Cascade gradually descends towards the Gulf of Finland, resembling a cascade. "Marine Façade" is a group of buildings that come in various sizes and even geometric shapes.
Uralskaya street is the oldest. It was founded in the second half of the 18th century. The street goes around the island from the north and is part of the industrial zone. For a long time it was occupied by industrial enterprises, workshops and workshops. And only since the 1990s, shopping and entertainment complexes began to appear here. The famous Pipe Plant named after Kalinin is located on the territory of the street, which produced Katyushas under the blockade during the war. Not far from the plant is the building of the fur factory "Rot-Front", right there is the paper factory "JSC "B altic Paper".
Cash Street on the territory of the island was laid in the 70s, all the buildings located along it belong to typical architectural objects of that time.
Garden of the Decembrists
At the intersection of Uralskaya and Nalichnaya streets there is a garden formed around a memorial monument erected on the alleged grave of the executed Decembrists. The garden is flooded in the spring, as it is located in a lowland. The forest park part is planted with birches, lindens, maples, jasmine and lilacs. This is the only park on the territory of the Decembrists Island.
Kingdom of the Dead
On the territoryThere are four cemeteries in the municipality of Island of the Decembrists: Smolensk Orthodox, Fraternal Cemetery, Armenian, Smolensk Lutheran. The kingdom of the dead occupies large areas of the island, starting from Kim Avenue and stretching to the Smolensky Bridge. Each of them is a historical and cultural monument of St. Petersburg.
