The population of Miass is 151,856 people, as of 2017. This is a large city in the Chelyabinsk region, the center of the urban district of the same name. It is located on the river of the same name, at the very foot of the Ilmensky mountains, to Chelyabinsk a little less than a hundred kilometers. It is on the territory of this district that a significant part of the Ilmensky Reserve is located.
How many people live in Miass?
The first data on the population of Miass date back to 1897. Then 16,100 people lived here. Then a systematic increase in the population of the city of Miass was noted, which continued until 1989. By that time, 167,839 people officially lived in the city.
During perestroika, as in all of Russia, problems began in the Chelyabinsk region, Miass was no exception. Moreover, the systematic decline in the population of Miass continued throughout most of the 2000s, when the financialand the economic situation in the country began to improve. Until 2013, fewer and fewer residents remained in the city. As a result, the population of Miass decreased to 150,665 people.
Only in the last few years the situation has stabilized, and there has even been a regular increase. Admittedly, it's still quite small. The population of the city of Miass at the moment is 151,856 people.
History of the city
The first settlement in these places was formed in 1773. It arose thanks to the merchant Ilarion Luginin, who began to build a copper smelter in the district. True, it was not possible to complete it due to the outbreak of the Pugachev uprising.
It was only in 1777 that the enterprise was launched at full capacity. In the first decade, the pace of production was systematically managed to increase. Soon the plant went to the founder's nephews, Nikolai and Ivan Luginin, the sons of his brother Maxim. True, it soon became clear that there is not so much copper in these places. In 1798, the Luginins sold the plant to the state, and in the next two years, copper production was completely stopped. Then it resumed, but in much smaller volumes than at the very beginning. In the middle of the 19th century, the maintenance of the plant became completely unprofitable, it was closed.
Gold Mines
At that time, Miass began to develop actively thanks to gold rather than copper. In the first half of the 19th century, large reserves of this precious metal were discovered in the valley of the river of the same name. Already by 1836, developments were opened here - as many as 23 gold placers and 54 mines.
The most famous mine was Tsarevo-Aleksandrovsky, also known as Leninsky. In 1824, the richest placer of these places was discovered, by the summer a mine had already been laid. Alexander I even came to the mines. According to legend, the emperor even decided to try to find gold himself. On the first day he was lucky, Alexander found a nugget that weighed as much as three kilograms.
In the middle of the century, a gold mining partnership was founded in these places. Among his shareholders were many representatives of the St. Petersburg aristocracy. Its borders included almost all large mines, from which half of all products were mined. It was when this partnership began to work that the technical achievements of our time began to be introduced into the gold mining industry. This led to the flourishing of the fishery.
During these years, the history of the settlement is most directly connected with Yegor Simonov, who became the we althiest man in the whole city. He made an invaluable contribution to the development of Miass, although at that time the settlement was not yet officially considered a city.
Gold mining was the basis of town formation in Miass until the very beginning of the 20th century. When, as a result of the October Revolution, all enterprises were nationalized, large associations began to collapse en masse. As a result, the work was carried out on minor artisanal crafts.
Construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway
In 1891, it was from Miass that the large-scale construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway began, which followed to Vladivostok. Especially known asonce a section from Samara to the easternmost point of the road. Its length was about 7,000 kilometers.
The first train on it went from Miass to Chelyabinsk in 1892, the workers who were carrying material for laying rails left on it. In 1903, the first train covered the distance from Vladivostok to St. Petersburg. In 1992, a commemorative sign dedicated to the centennial anniversary of the start of construction of the so-called Great Siberian Route was installed at the Miass 1 railway station in a solemn atmosphere.
City Status
When the First World War began, the government evacuated the sawtooth plant from Riga to Miass. A year later, a sawmill was launched here, which for a long time remained the leading enterprise in the industry. Now it is a tool factory, which continues its work today.
Already a year after the war, the question arose of giving Miass the status of a city. Prior to that, Troitsk had to obey, and this hindered the economic development of the plant. In 1919, Miass became a provincial, and then a county town. It officially received city status in 1926. Now we know in what year the city of Miass was founded.
The industrialization that has begun in the country has led to the fact that it was possible to give a new life to the gold mine, to increase the productivity and profitability of mines. In 1932, an electrical substation was built here, and the first floating gold factory was put into operation. The following year, the mines of several mines were launched at once. Actively becamedevelop the timber industry. Commercial timber, fastening materials, charcoal and sleepers began to be sent from Maiss to enterprises in the South Urals.
Since 1939, active construction of the city center has been underway. In November 1941, auto-motor production was launched on the basis of the Stalin plant, which was evacuated after the start of World War II. Gearboxes and engines were produced here, and in 1944 they began to produce the ZIS-5 car. It was on them that the famous Katyushas were mounted, which hit the enemy with their accuracy and rate of fire.
After the war, production of Ural cars was launched here. Miass in the Chelyabinsk region has always been and remains an industrial city, during the war the shops of the capital's Dynamo plant, which produced products for the front, were evacuated here.
Development of Miass
Districts and streets of the city mainly began to appear in the 40s of the XX century. The central street is Avtozavodtsev Avenue, which previously bore the name of Stalin. From here, in fact, the modern city began. After the war, only a small narrow-gauge railway was laid in these places from the factory entrance to the Miass railway station. Building materials were transported along it, and a cobblestone pavement was laid in parallel. Mostly captured Germans worked.
After the war, the avenue was finally rebuilt and became its decoration. In reviews of the city of Miass in Russia in the Chelyabinsk region, neat houses of a small number of storeys with original moldings are always noted. The avenue was actively built up in the 1960s, and in the 80s the flow of traffic increased significantly, many trees were cut down, but a trolleybus was launched.
Builders Village
Information about the city of Miass always contains information about its young areas, which began to develop only in the 1960s. For example, this is the village of Builders. It was settled by volunteers who came from the south of Russia, hence the names of the streets, unusual for these places - Donskaya, Kerchskaya, Sevastopolskaya.
In 1955, the history of the district in the city of Miass in the Chelyabinsk region under the name of Mashgorodok begins. It appeared thanks to the decision of the government to transfer the design bureau from Zlatoust to Miass and create an experimental rocket science base on this site.
To carry out landscaping work, highly qualified specialists were invited to the city of Miass in the Chelyabinsk region, who built residential buildings and schools, kindergartens and shops. Viktor Makeev played an important role in the development of the city; he served as general designer of the engineering bureau. Every time when his design bureau put another batch of missiles into service, he sought to allocate funding for the development of the city's social sphere. Over time, Miass has its own clinic, the Neptune hotel, the Vostok cinema, the Zarya sports palace, the Yunost children's creative palace, a stadium and other sports facilities.
Mashgorodok has always been distinguished by the fact that here special attention was paid to landscaping. Well maintained sidewalks and roadsthe number of squares, flower beds, buildings had an original finish, linden alleys and silver fir trees gave a special look. Mashgorodok significantly expanded the boundaries of Miass, updating the overall look of the city. For its design and construction, which was carried out taking into account the existing natural landscape, the architectural bureau received the State Prize.
In the 70s of the last century, the construction of a large-panel housing construction plant began. A whole complex of buildings appeared in the Ilmensky State Reserve named after Lenin, they housed scientific laboratories, a mineralogical museum.
In 1976, a polyclinic was put into operation in the village of Dynamo, a spacious shopping center appeared in the northern part of the city. In 1981, the grand opening of the railway station took place. A bus station also appeared in the same building over time.
The public transport network was changed, now most of the routes went to the stations. A running trolleybus line connected the central and northern parts of the city.
Old City
The southern part of the city, which adjoins the Miass Pond, is called the Old City. Behind the pond itself there are two small villages - Penzia and Koshelevka. It is generally accepted that these villages arose almost from the moment the city itself was founded.
Their story is as follows. Since the 17th century, Bashkir koshi have stopped near the river, and the name of the settlement comes from the surname Koshelev, which is very common in modern Miass. More likelyof all, it was one of the first settlers.
The name Penzia comes from the city of the same name, from which Luginin acquired the serfs who worked at his factory. Therefore, the place where they were settled received such a name.
Modern Miass
So, we found out what the population of the city of Miass is. At the moment, its area is almost 112 square kilometers, and the total length of the roads of the settlement is 454 kilometers.
The area of the housing stock is very impressive - almost three and a half thousand square kilometers, despite the fact that the total population of Miass is 151,856 people. There are 34 schools and 68 kindergartens in the city. Young people here can get not only secondary, but also higher education. There are six vocational technical schools, six technical schools, three branches of universities.
The cultural potential of the city is:
- three palaces of culture,
- two museums,
- 38 libraries,
- 11 clubs and houses of culture.
Since the city is dominated by the production of the machine-building complex, it is customary to classify it as the so-called single-industry towns. At the same time, on the territory of the entire Miass urban district, with a population of 167,481, tourist and sanatorium-resort zones are being developed. For example, travelers here can enjoy amazing views and unique nature on the ski slopes, on Lake Turgoyak, you can even ride snowmobiles on the peaks of the Southern Urals. In recent years, independent tourism has been developing, whichis becoming increasingly popular. In these places, the Ilmen Festival of Author's Song is held annually, which gathers hundreds of participants and guests.
In the immediate vicinity of the city of Miass, there are a large number of cities and small towns, the total population of which reaches half a million people. This is Chrysostom, Chebarkul, Karabash.
The urban district includes the settlements of Gorny, Arkhangelsk, Golden Beach, Upper Atlyan, Upper Iremel, Zelenaya Roshcha, Krasny, Mikheevka, Nizhny Atlyan, Novotagilka, Oktyabrsky, Severny Pechi, Selyankino, Tyelga, Ural-Dacha, villages Novoandreevka, Smorodinka, Ustinovo, Chernovskoye, villages of railway stations Ridge, Syrostan, Turgoyak.
City attractions
One of the main attractions of Miass is the Natural Science Museum of the Ilmensky Reserve, which belongs to the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is one of the five largest geological and mineralogical museums in Russia. There are six halls in total, the total area of which is more than two thousand square meters. They can be found with about nine thousand exhibits.
Also, a museum of local lore has been opened in the city, which is located in the mansion of the gold miner Simonov.
Special mention should be made of the giant stationery park opened in Mashgorodok. It is listed in the Guinness Book of Records. In it you can see five figures of clericalobjects that are considered the largest on the planet.
The sporting pride of Miass is the football club "Torpedo", which was founded in 1942. During its history, the club was disbanded several times, but each time it was revived again. In the 90s, the team had a professional status, in 1997 it even reached the 1/8 finals of the Russian Cup. Playing under the name "UralAZ", the players from Miass lost to the Moscow "Locomotive" 0:5. Now the local club is playing in the championship of the Chelyabinsk region.
