Probably, many people have been to various reservoirs at least once. This is really interesting, since such water bodies are among the largest. Such reservoirs are artificially created, so it is always interesting to find out how they were made. A large number of them are located in Russia, and it is worth paying attention to the Voronezh reservoir. The article will discuss what it is famous for, how it differs from other reservoirs, as well as its features and other interesting facts.
Voronezh reservoir: general information
So, it's worth getting to know this reservoir in more detail. It is located on the territory of the Voronezh region, on the Voronezh River. Why is this reservoir given so much attention? The answer is quite simple: it is one of the largest in the world. Indeed, the size of the reservoir is simply amazing: it covers an area equal to 70 square kilometers. Often in the conversations of the inhabitants of Voronezh one can hearthat they call it the "Voronezh Sea".
Date of its formation - 1971-1972. The reservoir was created with the help of a dam. I wonder what was the purpose of its creation? Basically, it was conceived for the water supply of the industrial facilities of the city. Now there is a fairly large number of problems associated with severe pollution of the reservoir. To avoid further development of this process, special works have been organized to clean it up.
Where is the reservoir?
So, the basic information about this water body was considered. Now it is worth discussing such an issue as the location of the Voronezh reservoir. As mentioned above, it is located in the Voronezh region, in the urban district of Voronezh. Of particular interest is the fact that it is completely located within the city. This explains its heavy pollution.
However, the reservoir gives extraordinary beauty to these places. It is a pleasure to walk here any day and enjoy the atmosphere of tranquility. From the shores, wonderful landscapes open onto a huge expanse of water, leaving an unforgettable experience. Many people come here to relax, and some even like to fish here. In a word, it is worth visiting the Voronezh reservoir. A photo of this reservoir can be seen in this article.
On the banks of the reservoir, in addition to Voronezh, you can find other settlements, for example, villages such as Maslovka and Tavrovo. Now they belong to Voronezh.
Reservoir dimensions
Thus, we examined the place where this reservoir is located. Of course, it is interesting to know the dimensions of the reservoir in order to accurately represent its scale. As already mentioned, the Voronezh reservoir is recognized as one of the largest reservoirs of this type in the world. Now it is worth talking about its size in specific numbers. Its area is, as already mentioned, 70 square meters. km. The volume of the reservoir is about 204 million cubic meters. m. If we talk about its length, then we can say that its length is about 30 km, width - an average of 2 km. Many are also interested in the depth of the Voronezh reservoir. It strongly depends on the place. The greatest depth that is recorded here is 16.8 m, the average depth is about 2.9 m. Summing up, it can be noted that the depth varies greatly in different parts of the reservoir, and sometimes very deep places are found.
What was there before the creation of the reservoir?
So, it was told about the size of the reservoir and its location. Now it is worth paying attention to the history of the place where it is located. Previously, in the place where the Voronezh reservoir is now located, the Voronezh River flowed. During the reign of Peter I, large-scale production of ships began on its shores. In this regard, a huge amount of forest on the banks of the river was cut down. In turn, this affected the state of the river, it noticeably dried up and became shallow. Then they decided to save the river from complete drying up, and it was decidedto build special lock systems here, which were the first in the world. Thanks to this, the river became full-flowing and navigable again.
For greater security, a wooden dam and a lock were erected at the confluence of the artery. Of particular interest is the fact that the dam served for a very long time, until 1931. Despite such a long existence, it fell into decay long before it was removed. The area around her has become a real swamp.
Reason for creating the reservoir
In addition to the dam that fell into disrepair, at that time there were several more prerequisites for the creation of a reservoir in this place. In the 30s of the XX century, Voronezh began an active development, many industrial enterprises were opened in the city. As a result, water consumption in the city has increased markedly. To solve this problem, 2 options were proposed. One of them provided for flooding, and the other for drainage. After much discussion, the first option was chosen. It was decided to create a reservoir 10 km from the city. However, the outbreak of war at that time prevented these plans. Voronezh was badly damaged, it took about 15 years to restore it. Despite this, in 1967 the authorities returned to the idea of building a reservoir.
Voronezh reservoir: history of creation and further improvement
Thus, construction began in 1967. Work on the creation of the reservoir was carried out in record time. Initially, a whole15 years. However, as a result, the construction was carried out in 3 years. This caused a number of shortcomings, which seriously affected the further life of the reservoir. Firstly, because of the haste, the bottom of the reservoir was not properly prepared, which is why its average depth is only 2 to 3 meters. Secondly, the enterprises did not provide special facilities for water purification.
In 1972, the filling of the reservoir began. It lasted 4 days, after which the complex of structures built here was fully put into operation. In the summer of 1972, the water here was already at the same level as now. Interestingly, since that time the reservoir has been actively used for catching fish; by the 1990s, about 10 tons of fish were caught here.
Beautification of the embankments of the reservoir was also organized in 1975. Parks were organized on one of its banks. So, the history of the Voronezh reservoir was considered in detail. Now it’s worth talking about who lives in this reservoir.
Who lives in the reservoir?
Of course, it will be interesting to know what animals live in the Voronezh reservoir. In fact, there are an incredible number of inhabitants here. In the spring and early summer, mosquitoes actively breed here. Some shallow areas make a great place for this.
There are a lot of fish in the pond. Most often here you can find bream, roach, pike perch, perch. Also vendace, grass carp,silver carp and other fish that came here as a result of migration from other water bodies. You can often meet fishermen at the reservoir.
Modern problems of the reservoir
Unfortunately, this reservoir has faced a number of problems lately. They are mainly ecological in nature. This is due to the fact that during the rapid construction of the reservoir, special treatment facilities were not provided for by local enterprises.
Recently, the authorities have been paying considerable attention to the reservoir and are taking various measures aimed at maintaining a stable ecological situation in it.
