Several settlements are unofficially competing for the title of "Southern Capital of Russia". Among them are such famous cities as Rostov-on-Don, Sochi and Krasnodar.
Krasnodar at the beginning of the 20th century. briefly visited the undeclared capital of White Guard Russia.
Sochi is a famous resort, the largest settlement on the Black Sea coast.
District capital
Rostov-on-Don does not receive any titles. It is called both the Caucasian Gates, and the capital of combines, and simply Rostov-dad.
But first of all it is the capital of the Southern District of Russia.
The Southern Federal District (SFD) unites 8 constituent entities of the Russian Federation:
- Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan regions.
- Krasnodar Territory.
- 3 republics - Adygea, Kalmykia and the recently included Crimea.
- 1 federal city - Sevastopol.
The area of the entire district is over 447 thousand square meters. km, the population is more than 16 million people.
Among the cities of the Southern Federal District, Rostov-on-Don is the most numerous: more than 1.1 million people live in it. Rostov-on-Don is the 10th in the country in terms of the number of inhabitants.
Location of the southern capital
It is no coincidence that Rostov is the southern capital of Russia: the city has an excellent geographical location, which provides the logistical advantage of the region.
The federal highway M-4 passes through the city, which connects Moscow with the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, as well as regional roads R-268, A-135, A-280. The railway passing through the Don city connects St. Petersburg with the Caucasus, so the North Caucasus Railway is located in the city.
Rostov is located on several rivers at once: Don, Dead Donets and Temernik. In the vicinity there are also lakes, springs, reservoirs, among which the most extensive are the North and Rostov Seas.
The southern capital of Russia is the largest transport hub. Numerous railway and water transport routes pass through Rostov-on-Don:
- Rostov is affectionately called the port of 5 seas, the city has a river station and a seaport.
- Railway station, main and suburban.
- Main and suburban bus stations, as well as about 20 bus stations.
- Platov is an international airport.
Donskoy Rostov - the military center of the region
In 2008, Rostov-on-Don was awarded the honorary title of "City of Military Glory".
Since 2010, the headquarters of the Southern Military District (SMD) has been located here. The Southern Military District includes the Caspian Flotilla and the Black Sea Fleet, the Air Defense Command, the Air Force, as well as the 58th and 49th armies.
Economic Development
Rostov-on-Don - southernthe capital of Russia, but it has several more unofficial names related to its economic situation: merchant and Don Babylon. Compared to other cities in the southern region, Rostov-on-Don has the most developed industry and economy.
50% of the trade turnover in the Southern District falls on the share of Rostov - this is more than 30 billion rubles a year. Enterprises such as Tavr, Pribor, Almaz, Gloria Jeans are known far beyond the region.
The products of the Rostselmash plant make up more than half of those on the Russian market. Enterprises producing military and complex electronic equipment successfully operate in Rostov-on-Don:
- The Rosvertol plant is the only one in the country that produces helicopters of various brands.
- Horizon produces navigational radars.
- "Quantum" - means of orientation in space.
The agricultural products of Donskoy Tabak and Yug Rusi are widely known.
Administrative divisions
The southern capital of Russia consists of 8 districts. The largest in terms of area is Sovetsky (85 sq. km), the most densely populated is Voroshilovsky (218 thousand people). The Leninsky district is small (13 sq. km), the least number of people live in the Kirovsky district (63.5 thousand people). The city also has Zheleznodorozhny, Pervomaisky, Proletarsky and Oktyabrsky districts.
The City Duma, consisting of 40 deputies, appoints a city manager - the head of administration.
Attractions
The southern capital of Russia has a long history. Cityfounded at the end of the 18th century. as a collection point for trade duties. It was then called Temernitsky customs. To protect the southern borders and trade routes, a fortress was soon built, which at various times was led by Ushakov and Suvorov.
The southern capital of Russia received city status in 1807, and its own coat of arms in 1811. The anthem appeared in 1941.
Like any ancient city, Rostov-on-Don is famous for its sights that make it unique and create a cozy atmosphere. There are many interesting objects in the city:
- more than 500 architectural monuments;
- many archaeological sites;
- created several memorial complexes;
- more than 100 monuments of military glory.
There are surprisingly many interesting and funny objects in the city: tourists like to take pictures next to the monument to plumbing or plumbing.
Decoration of Rostov-on-Don - Bolshaya Sadovaya street and the embankment. They are decorated with numerous art objects, green areas, where you can relax on the benches or look into the cafe.
On the area of the Botanical Garden of Rostov-on-Don (more than 160 hectares) grows 6500 species of shrubs and trees.
Interesting facts about Rostov-on-Don
- Located in Asia and Europe at the same time. Voroshilovsky bridge - the border of parts of the world.
- The building of the drama theater is unique in architecture - it is made in the shape of a tractor.
- The city has streets with amazing names - Harmonious, Airy, Poetic, Noble.
- Since 1910, the townspeople have a tradition to take to the streets twice a year and plant trees and flowers. The tradition was resumed in 2010, so the southern capital is one of the greenest settlements in Russia.
- City Day in the Don capital was first celebrated in 1864.
- There is a Avenue of Stars.
- And also Rostov-on-Don became one of the places where the football World Cup is held in 2018.
