We are used to the fact that on the days of big holidays, Moscow parades and festivities are not overshadowed by bad weather. The technology of local weather improvement is well developed today, although the history of this direction goes back centuries.
Everything depends on the weather
All news includes the weather forecast, too much depends on it. Our ancestors prayed for rain and tried to make clouds rain with bells. With the advent of artillery, they began to shoot at the clouds carrying hail to save the crop. But the success of these attempts was unpredictable: sometimes it worked, sometimes not. Modern science has learned to control the weather at least locally. Many are interested in the question of how the clouds are dispersed over Moscow and do they really do it? Is it possible to disperse clouds in any other place? Isn't it harmful? Doesn't this spoil the climate in neighboring areas?
Ahead of the planet
Russian researchers have learned to control the weather better than others. Foreign countries only adopt domestic experience. Closely de alt with the issue of weather control in the Soviet Union in the 40-50s of the last century. At first, the dispersal of clouds was purely utilitarian: in the spirit oftime wanted to make the sky pour over the agricultural land. The work went well, and weather control was no longer a utopia.
The accumulated knowledge came in handy later in the days of the Chernobyl disaster. The goal of the scientists was to save the Dnieper from radioactive contamination. The attempt was successful. If not for the efforts of scientists and the military, the size of the disaster would have been much greater.
How are the clouds dispersing over Moscow today? In general, just like 60 years ago.
Cloud dispersal technology
The first step is to establish how far the rain clouds are from the desired location. An accurate forecast is needed 48 hours before the estimated time, for example, before the parade. Then they study the composition and characteristics of the clouds: each of them needs its own reagent.
The meaning of the technology is that a reagent is placed in the center of the cloud, on which moisture sticks. When the amount of concentrated moisture becomes critical, it starts to rain. The cloud spills before the place where the cloud was directed along the air currents.
The following substances are used as reagents:
- dry ice (carbon dioxide) in granules;
- silver iodide;
- liquid nitrogen;
- cement.
How do clouds disperse over Moscow?
To do this, clouds are processed at a distance of 50 or 100 km from the place where rain is not needed.
Dry ice is used for stratus clouds closest toearth. This composition is poured onto clouds at an altitude of several thousand meters. Special navigation is applied, processed clouds are marked so that there is no re-impact.
Nimbostratus clouds above get liquid nitrogen, or rather crystals of its soaring. Special large-capacity Dewars are installed on the aircraft, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed over the cloud. This is how clouds are dispersed in Moscow with the help of well-known chemistry.
Silver iodide is placed in special weather cartridges and fired at high rain clouds. These dense clouds are composed of ice crystals and their lifetime does not exceed 4 hours. The chemical structure of silver iodide is very similar to ice crystals. After falling into a rain cloud, pockets of condensation quickly form around it, and soon it rains. At the same time, there may be a thunderstorm or even hail, such is the property of these clouds.
However, this is an incomplete answer to the question of how the clouds disperse over Moscow. Sometimes dry cement is also used. A package of cement (standard paper bag) is attached to the hook. The impact of the air flow gradually breaks the paper, and the cement is gradually blown out. There is a connection with water, and drops fall to the ground. Cement is used to treat updrafts of air to stop cloud formation.
Is it harmful to disperse the clouds?
This issue is constantly discussed by residents of the regions bordering the Moscow region, especially the Smolensk region. The logic is simple: how clouds disperse over Moscow by 9May, so they have endless rain.
It would seem that the reagents cannot bring much harm, these substances have been well studied for a long time. However, to disperse clouds, up to 50 tons of reagents are used at a time. To date, there are no studies that could prove or disprove the harm done to nature. Ecologists say that the chronology of rainfall is broken, and that's it.
Even moral damages lawsuits have been recorded, but not a single lawsuit has been satisfied so far. The dissatisfaction of the inhabitants of the Moscow region is explained very simply: they feel they are unequal citizens. Residents of cities and towns surrounding Moscow are forced to celebrate all more or less significant holidays with rain, even if there was no precipitation according to the forecast.
At the same time, people recognize that the dispersal of clouds is simply necessary in case of a threat to crops or housing, when a hurricane or hail is expected. A large number of residents are disgusted by the way they disperse the clouds in Moscow for the holidays, because they have the same holiday completely ruined.
