The main purpose of the pattern is to decorate the thing on which this element is applied. There is little information about the origin of the art of ornamentalism, since its use began many centuries before our era. Ornaments of different peoples of the world differ in the individual perception of objects and the environment. Different ethnic groups have the same symbols in different ways.
Varieties and motifs
Decoration is one of the first forms of fine art. But, despite the long history, it is an excellent decor for many modern things.
Ornaments of the peoples of the world are divided into four main groups. This is:
- built on the geometry of figures;
- phytomorphic type, which consist of images of plants;
- mianda type - have the form of a solid broken line;
- combined or plot pattern.
Ornaments of the peoples of the world include the following motifs:
- crossing lines in horizontal and vertical order, called tartan;
- combination of identical circles in the form of a four- or trefoil;
- teardrop curl ornament - they call itpaisley or Turkish cucumber;
- image of a beautiful lush flower reflected in Damascus;
- The curved continuous line that forms the border of most patterns is called a meander.
Belarusian ornament - features and originality
The original meaning of the Belarusian ornament was ritual. Among the main features of ancient patterns are:
- decorative styling;
- relationship with the finished items;
- a large number of broken lines and geometric shapes;
- constructive;
- variety.
Many geometric figures are explained by the personification of the forces of nature and the world around us, which protected man. The ornaments of the peoples of the world, although they differ from each other, are used for the same purposes: decorating clothes, household items, housing, tools. The number of repetitions of points, triangles, rhombuses explain the structure of society. The number three is the Divine Trinity or heaven, earth and the underworld, four is the seasons, five is sacredness, etc.
Belarusian ornament contains a large number of crosses, which symbolize the image of the sun, fire and justice.
The symbols of fertility were depicted on the tools, the image of the Mother in the form of a seed or sprouts meant a good harvest and we alth.
Most rituals used towels with ornaments. They were made by combining a white and gray pattern and various geometric motifs. Great importancehas the color of the pattern: white - a symbol of purity and light, red - we alth and energy, black - the speed of the flow of human life.
Egypt. Ornament - specificity and uniqueness
An early form of fine art in Egypt is geometric ornamentation. It shows different objects of the environment in the form of intersection of lines and abstraction.
Main motives include:
- floral patterns;
- animal images;
- religious themes;
- symbolism.
The main designation is the lotus flower, which personifies the divine power of nature, moral purity, chastity, he alth, revival and the sun.
A pattern in the form of aloe was used to describe the life of the other world. Many plants, such as blackthorn, acacia, coconut palm, mulberry tree, were the basis for the image in the ornamental art of Egypt.
Among the geometric lines should be highlighted:
- straight;
- broken lines;
- wavy;
- mesh;
- spot.
The main characteristic features of the ornament in Egyptian culture are restraint, rigor and refinement.
Patterns of the peoples of the world: Norway, Persia, Ancient Greece
Norwegian pattern fully describes the climatic conditions of the country. A large number of snowflakes, drops, deer are used to apply to warm clothes. The geometry of the lines creates amazing patterns that are unique to this nation.
Persian carpets with amazing patterns are known all over the world. In ancient Persia, this was the most expensive family value. The canvases were inherited through generations and were tremblingly kept. Ornamentalism is characterized by the predominance of blue and green colors, the image of a variety of birds, animals, including fictional ones, stripes in the form of a diamond-shaped fish, a pear in the form of a drop.
The meander became the basis for the formation of the culture of ornamentalistics in Ancient Greece. The endless repetition of patterns symbolizes the eternity and infinity of human life. Ancient Greek paneling is distinguished by a wide depiction of plots and diversity. The characteristic features of this culture is the decoration with ornaments with wavy and broken lines of vases and dishes.
Variety of Indian patterns
The ornament of India is characterized by geometric and spiral forms, it is expressed in the form of a spiral, zigzag, rhombus, triangle. From animalistics, the muzzles of cats and birds are used.
Many ornaments in India are applied to the body with henna. This is a special procedure, it means spiritual cleansing. Each tattoo carries a certain meaning.
The usual triangle symbolizes male activity, inverted - female mercy. The meaning of divinity and hope lies in the star.
Square or octahedron is used to depict protection, reliability and stability.
Popular ornaments consist of flowers, fruits andplants, they represent joy, happiness, hope, we alth and he alth.
Patterns of the peoples of the world: China, Australia, Mongolia
Chinese ornaments are easily distinguished from others, they contain large and lush flowers that are connected by nondescript stems.
Wood carving represents the ornament of Australia. Among them are:
- spiral;
- geometric;
- circular;
- zigzag;
- dot;
- linear;
- subject.
The patterns of Mongolia are presented in the form of a circle, which embodies the rotation of the sun and the sky. For application on clothes, geometric shapes are used, which are called hammer ornaments.
Main motives:
- braid;
- quilted mattress;
- hammer;
- circular.
Ornaments of the peoples of the world are distinguished by a variety of forms, they reflect the individuality of cultures and the perception of the outside world.
