The words "barrel of oil" are regularly heard on radio and TV screens. In the last three years, there is no dearer word for Russians. From the school chemistry course, adults remember that car fuel is made from black gold. In the morning at the gas station, the mind of the people is occupied with the thought: 1 barrel of oil - how many liters of gasoline will give the country.
Volume matters
Oil oil is different. Slurry density and sulfur content are the starting points in determining the characteristics of black gold. In order not to get confused in the numbers, at the dawn of the discovery of earthen oil, oil producers decided to sell goods not by weight, but by volume. Since the extracted slurry was transported in metal barrels (barrels), the volume of liquid fossil that fits into a barrel (159 liters) was called a barrel.
Important: for calculating commodity volumes, the exact number is used - 158, 998 liters in one barrel.
Volume counters
Technological installations of black gold mining enterprises and oil refineries are equipped with liquid metering units withultrasonic or turbine flow meters. The meters measure the current volume of liquid, bring the volume measurement to the standard temperature, calculate the mass of the liquid passed through the meter, taking into account the density. Every drop counts in the industry. Will pass without taking into account 1 barrel of oil - how many liters of gasoline will the manufacturer lose? The fundamental basis of the oil business is accounting and control.
A good owner installs meters for both commercial and technological accounting. The network of devices is connected to an automatic system that allows you to accumulate information about the received and processed combustible liquid.
Russian oil
In Russia, the unit of measure for commercial quantity is a ton. But a ton is a mass, the product of volume and density of a liquid. The density of fossil fuel types varies, since the slurry in the deposits contains impurities of different composition. The country produces seven grades of oil, the basic ones are:
- Urals with a density of 860 to 871 kg/m3 and a sulfur content of 1.3 percent, mined in Bashkortostan, Tatarstan and KhMAO;
- "Sibirian Light" with a density of 845 to 850 kg/m3 and a sulfur percentage of 0.58, mined in KhMAO;
- "Espo" with a density of 851 to 855 kg/m3 and a sulfur content of 0.62 percent, mined in Eastern Siberia.
Russian oil is a quality product. But on the exchange, the Urals grade is cheaper than the Brent brand due to the high sulfur content. The New York price for the Brent light brand is the base quote for the cost of Russian slurry. With a discount factor of 0.89, aprice for weighted Urals brand.
Promotional materials show oil as a thick black color. In nature, fuel is found in a brown hue, and amber color, and colorless like water. The more impurities, the thicker and darker the color. Even in the same field, oil of different colors is found, depending on the depth of occurrence. The color of the liquid does not affect the volume of fuel in the barrel: red or white 1 barrel of oil, how many liters of gasoline from the red type, so much from white.
This is interesting: Espo brand crude slurry is supplied not only to Asian countries, but also to the western United States, where they produce their own ANS brand fuel.
Distillation technology
When receiving liquid gold through pipelines or in tankers, deliveries are recorded in barrels. When planning the profit of an enterprise, economists calculate the volume of production of all types of fractions. For financiers, it is important how much to buy raw materials and what to sell the finished product for, so wake them up at night, the answer to the main question will immediately follow: “1 barrel of oil is how many liters of gasoline?”
One barrel of black gold produces 85-112 liters (octane number 95-92). Product yield depends on process technology:
- Direct distillation. Fuel yield -15-25% of the weight of the processed liquid.
- Cracking thermal and catalytic cracking. Gasoline fractions are obtained 50-60%.
- Reforming. Productionhigh-octane gasolines based on direct distillation products. Yield 80%.
Crude oil undergoes a primary treatment to remove solid impurities and light hydrocarbons and run through electrical desalination plants.
In the process of refining, oil turns into fuel for cars, aircraft and tractors, solar oil, tar.
Crisis and barrel
Producers of petroleum products have agreed not to discuss the cost of the process. The main thing is how many liters of fuel are obtained from one barrel of slurry. The end consumer should not bother with the cost of oil production and products of its processing. But still, information about the cost of commercial slurry leaks into the press. In Russia, the average production price is eight dollars per barrel. Not cheap, considering that taxes and excises create the main burden in the selling price.
In Russia, five brands of fuel for cars are running, including AI-92 and AI-95. The letter "I" in the name means that the octane number was determined by the research method. Quarterly declines in production growth, falling oil prices and the simultaneous strengthening of the ruble disturb the souls of motorists, the question does not let them sleep: "1 barrel of oil - how many liters of gasoline 95"? As much as the processing technology gives, 85-120 liters. But the price of a vital end product is the sum of the cost of production, transportation costs, taxes and production costs.
Important to know: octane is a degreeresistance to automatic ignition.
Alchemists home spill
Do-it-yourselfers are interested in how to distill oil at home. They build tables in the computer with the columns “1 barrel of oil”, “how many liters of gasoline 92”. It is time for the initiators of self-employment to learn that the process of distilling black gold into a green liquid is technically more difficult than obtaining the famous chemical substance named after Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev. Fuel for refueling a car on a home device cannot be expelled, the octane number cannot be increased.
Problem on the rules of arithmetic 2017. The price of Brent oil fell by one-fifth in April and amounted to $46 per 1 barrel of oil at the moment. How many liters of gasoline can be bought for the same thousand rubles at the beginning of the month and at the end? Answer: the same as before the reduction. Retailers are not satisfied with the volatility ball, in May the price of a barrel of fuel rose back to 54.
