In 1948, the Soviet gunsmith N. F. Makarov developed the design of a pistol, which today is known to everyone as the PM. From 1951 to this day, this pistol model has been used by members of the Russian armed forces and law enforcement agencies as a personal weapon for defense and offense.
The main purpose of the PM is to defeat the enemy at a short distance. The reliability of this weapon is ensured by the smooth operation of all elements of its automation. The article contains information about the main parts of the Makarov pistol.
Getting Started
In 1947, senior officers of the Soviet army needed a new compact pistol. TT and Nagant revolvers were already outdated by that time. It was necessary to create a new weapon - a "peacetime" pistol. In 1948, a competition was held at which Soviet weapons designers presented their developments.
Winner
According to the terms of the competition, the weapon must be equipped with a blowback and a self-cocking trigger mechanism. The already proven German W alther PP was taken as a basis. It was planned to create two samples of a pistol using ammunition of 7, 65 and 9 mm calibers. After testing the cartridges, gunsmiths noted that, compared to 7, 65, 9 mm, it is more powerful. It was decided to focus on this particular caliber. The end result of such work was the Makarov pistol. The performance characteristics and main parts of this weapon allow it to be used effectively during close combat.
How does automation work?
Makarov pistol is a self-loading weapon. The PM is easy to use, and the automatic pistol allows the owner to keep the weapon always ready for action. The automatic reloading process is carried out by such main parts of the Makarov pistol as the bolt and trigger mechanism. For this, the principle of recoil of a non-engaged bolt is used. During the shot, the barrel channel is locked due to the large mass of the shutter and the force of the return spring. To shoot, you do not need to cock the trigger first. Just pull the trigger.
The main parts and mechanisms of the Makarov pistol
The weapon is equipped with the following items:
- Strip and trigger guard.
- A bolt containing a striker, an ejector and a fuse.
- Return spring.
- Trigger.
- Handle.
- Shutter lag.
- Pistolshop.
These are the 7 main parts of the Makarov pistol.
Functions
The main parts of the Makarov pistol perform the following tasks:
- The barrel guides the flight of the bullet. The trigger guard prevents the trigger from being accidentally pressed.
- The shutter feeds the ammunition from the magazine into the chamber, locks the barrel channel during firing, holds the cartridge case in the bolt cup with the help of the ejector and sets the trigger to cocking. With the help of a drummer, the ammunition primer is broken. The fuse ensures the safety of the shooter during the operation of the pistol.
- The return spring after the shot sets the shutter in its original position.
- USM is equipped with a trigger, a sear with a spring, a trigger, a cocking lever with a trigger rod, a mainspring and a valve to it. These main parts of the Makarov pistol provide fast firing. You can shoot immediately after pressing the trigger. There is no need to pre-cock the trigger for this.
- The shutter delay allows you to hold the shutter in the rear position when the store is empty.
- Handle with screw provides a comfortable hold of the Makarov pistol by the shooter.
- The gun magazine holds eight ammo.
PM Store
This element has four elements:
- The body of the store, which is used to connect all its parts.
- A feeder that feeds ammunition into the chamber.
- Spring pushing outfeeder with cartridges up.
- A store lid designed to close the case.
The photo below shows the main parts of the Makarov pistol.
What makes you safe?
The left side of the shutter is equipped with a special fuse. With the help of automation and a mainspring, the trigger is mounted on a safety cock during the descent. It is affected by the curved (rebound) end of the spring pen: it turns the trigger at a slight angle from the bolt. Thus, the spring performs the function of "hang up" trigger. The sear with its nose is located in front of the safety cocking of the trigger. When the trigger is released, the mainspring feather acts on the trigger rod, and the cocking lever and sear are lowered to the lower position. Thus, the sear, pressing against the trigger, sets it on a safety cock.
How does the shot happen?
The process is carried out in several stages:
- Mechanics start by pulling the trigger.
- The trigger interacts with the striker, causing it to break the cartridge primer.
- Ignition of the powder charge. The resulting powder gases eject the bullet from the bore.
- Powder gases through the bottom of the sleeve act on the shutter, which, moving back, compresses the return spring. With the help of the ejector, the shutter holds the sleeve. Having reached the reflector, it is extracted through the shutter window.
- Shutter in extreme positiondeploys the trunnion-mounted hammer until it is cocked.
- In the most extreme position, the return spring acts on the bolt, which pushes it back forward.
- Moving forward, the shutter with the help of the rammer directs the next ammunition from the pistol magazine into the chamber.
- "Released" from the cartridge shutter locks the barrel channel. After that, the weapon is ready to fire again.
Shots from the Makarov pistol are fired until all the cartridges in the magazine are used up. After that, the shutter becomes on the shutter delay in the rear position.
Tactical and technical characteristics
- Makarov pistol is designed to fire 9 mm cartridges.
- The weapon weighs 0.73 grams.
- Length 161 mm.
- The barrel of the PM has a length of 93 mm.
- The fired bullet is capable of developing an initial velocity of up to 315 m/s.
- PM has a rate of fire of 30 rounds per minute.
- The gun is designed for single-shot mode.
- Effective firing range does not exceed 50 m.
- The lethality of the bullet is 350 m.
- The PM magazine holds 8 ammo.
Small size, reliability, ease of operation and maintenance are the characteristic features of the Makarov pistol. Of the wide variety of models belonging to the class of compact weapons for self-defense, the PM pistol is recognizedone of the best. Today it is used by officers of the armed forces and employees of law enforcement agencies.
