Attitude towards military duty is ambiguous. For some, the passage of combat training is an honorable duty and duty. Others consider military service as a useless measure, which is also associated with the dangers of hazing and harm to he alth - mental and physical. The article will talk about who it is - a conscript, will consider the difference between a conscript and a conscript, and also provides the rules for passing a commission in the military registration and enlistment office.
Pre-conscript and conscript
According to the law, a young man who is 16 years of age must be registered with the military commissariat. He has not yet reached the age of military service, so he is called a pre-conscript.
When a young man reaches the age of 18, he is required by law to serve in the army. All males without exception are subject to the call. A young man receives a summons from the military registration and enlistment office about the need to appear and pass a commission, the results of which will determine the degree of his suitability for service and gender.troops to which he may be assigned. From that moment on, he becomes a conscript. Thus, a conscript is a male person who has reached the age of 18 and is legally obliged to perform military service.
Differences between a conscript and a conscript
If a man has already served in the army or for some reason turned out to be unfit for military service in the active army, then he is written off to the reserve. In this case, he becomes liable for military service. This means that if the situation requires it, he will be called by the government to serve. In addition, officers, graduates of educational institutions with military specialization and persons with a deferment from service are liable for military service. Unlike a person liable for military service, a conscript is someone who is going to go to serve in a military unit or is already doing this service.
Who can get a reprieve
Categories of persons who can receive a deferment from military service:
- scientists;
- young people studying in higher education;
- civil servants;
- persons subject to criminal pen alties;
- people raising minors alone;
- citizens caring for a seriously ill relative;
- people with criminal records or debts.
These categories of the population are also liable for military service, but they will become conscripts only when life circumstances change that give them a reprieve: for example, when a student graduates from a university, when a criminal sentence expires, etc.
Passing the draft board
The commission for recruits is an event that is held to determine the suitability of a young person for military service and clarify the nuances of this service.
On the appointed day, the young man comes to the military commissariat, where the commission takes place. He needs to have test results and some documents with him: a certificate of family composition, copies of education certificates (certificate, diploma), copies of a passport and birth certificate.
Conscripts in the military enlistment office are subject to examination by the following doctors:
- ophthalmologist;
- otolaryngologist;
- surgeon;
- dentist;
- psychiatrist;
- therapist.
In some cases, a young person may be sent for additional examinations.
According to the results of passing the commission, the conscript is assigned a certain category. There are five in total:
- A - fit, no he alth issues.
- B - OK, but has minor he alth issues.
- B - limited use. This means that in peacetime the young man is exempt from military service, but in case of war he will be drafted into the ranks of the army.
- G - temporarily out of service. Usually the reason for assigning this category is an injury or an exacerbation of a chronic disease. After the expiration of the grace period (no more than a year), the young man is again on the commission.
- D - unfit for military service. In this case, the man is not subject to conscription under any circumstances.
Illnesses of conscripts
What medical conditions can cause a young person to be classified as partially fit or unfit for military service?
Category "D" is assigned in the presence of such diseases:
- mental retardation;
- blindness;
- deafness;
- missing limbs.
In other cases, the conscript is written off to the reserve, implying the possibility of a cure. Category "B" is given for such ailments:
- HIV infections;
- tuberculosis in open form;
- severe speech pathologies;
- myopia and other pathologies of the organs of vision;
- diabetes;
- diseases of the cardiovascular system;
- allergies;
- diseases of the excretory system, etc.
It should be noted that in some cases these diseases lead to the assignment of category "D". It all depends on the severity of the disease, the possibility of a cure, etc.
Service life
The duration of a conscript's service in the military has varied throughout history. For example, the duration of recruiting service in the army was once 25 years. Over time, the situation has changed in the direction of decreasing the term. The service began to last six years, then three years, and finally two. In 2008, a new term of service for conscripts was determined - this is one year.
Military conscriptions are held twice a year - in autumn and spring. Spring conscription begins in April and ends in mid-July. The autumn call lasts from the beginning of October until the new year. Conscripts of the year, that is, those who turn 18, receive a summons from the draft board.
Which women are liable for military service
Traditionally, the concept of military duty applies only to men. Girls do not receive summons from the military commissariat and do not undergo medical examinations. However, some speci alties automatically make a woman liable for military service, that is, in the event of war, she will have to go to the front on an equal basis with men to perform the duties that are imputed by her speci alty.
List of professions that make women liable for military service:
- doctor;
- nurse;
- psychologist;
- accountant;
- phone operator;
- meteorologist;
- surveyor, etc.
Conscription age
The standard age of a conscript is from 18 to 27 years old inclusive. During this age, a youth may be called up to serve in the army. Before the age of 18, a young person cannot go to a military unit. Exceptions to this rule can only be in wartime: for example, WWII conscripts were sent to the front at the age of 16-17.
It's another matter for those liable for military service. Having served in the army and received a military ID, a man is in reserve and can be drafted into the country's army at any time.
The upper age limit depends on various factors: he alth, life circumstances and officer rank. The higher the position, the higher the margin. Tofor example, persons with ranks below the senior warrant officer are deregistered at 50 years old. But generals are required to be in the reserve until the age of 65.
For women, the deregistration age is 45 years. Female officers are in the reserve until the age of 50.
Conclusions on the article:
- A conscript is a man over the age of 18, called up for military service in the army.
- Unlike a conscript, conscripts have served or have a deferment from the army.
- The draft board assigns the youth a he alth category, which determines the admissibility of service for him and possible restrictions.
- Women in Russia are not conscripts, except for professions that impose military duty.
