Kursk NPP is one of the largest power plants in Russia. It is located on the banks of the river. Seim. Kursk is located forty kilometers from the building. The nuclear power plant consists of 4 power units. The total capacity of all of them is 4 GW.
General information
Address where the Kursk NPP is located: Kurchatov, Industrial zone, ABK-1. On the basis of the nuclear power plant, there is also an information and analytical department responsible for public relations. Information is also received from this center to the media about certain events held by the Kursk NPP. Department contacts: (47131) 4-95-41 (tel/fax), (47131) 2-32-60, 5-43-68, 4-85-44 - information center, (47131) 5-68-13, 5-46-38 - the editorial office of the newspaper. The publication, which is issued on the basis of the object, is called "For the Peaceful Atom".
History of the building
In 1965, in the USSR, and more specifically, in the European part of the country, there was an acute shortage of solid fuel. In this regard, a special program was adopted for the construction of nuclear power plants. The construction of the Kursk NPP was supposed to be on the same site where the GRES was planned. The project of a nuclear power plant was carried out by the Moscow Institute. S. Ya. Zhuk andLeningrad VNIPIET. According to the documentation, each block of the facility contained 1 RBMK-1000 reactor and 2 turbines. The first prospectors were Leningrad specialists. They made preliminary work on the ground.
The main part of further activities fell on the team of the next exploratory expedition. Employees conducted research for the main and auxiliary elements of the future nuclear power plant. In addition, the Lipinsky, Dichnyansky and Tarasovsky (Kurchatovsky) hydraulic structures for the supply of drinking water, deposits of loams and sands for construction were explored. Upon completion of these works, the activities of the second and third stages followed. Engineering and geological surveys were carried out for the construction of industrial and residential buildings. The Kursk NPP was built by people who had come from all over the Union. In addition to Russians, Belarusians, Georgians, Bashkirs, Kalmyks, Kazakhs, and Ukrainians worked at the facility.
Description
Two stages of the facility (each with 2 power units) were put into operation in the period from 1976 to 1985. The nuclear power plant was the second one where RBMK-1000 reactors were installed (Leningradskaya was the first one). Each power unit has the following equipment:
- Turbines K-500-65/3000 (2 pcs).
- Uranium-graphite reactor RBMK-1000 with additional auxiliary systems.
- Generators TVV-500-2, 2 pcs. The capacity of each is 500 MW.
Each block has separate special rooms. They contain reactors, control panels,auxiliary equipment, fuel transportation systems. Each queue is equipped with a common room for special water and gas treatment systems. For all four units, which includes the Kursk NPP, one machine room is equipped.
Energy distribution
The station operates on 9 transmission lines:
- 3 for 750 kV: for the Belgorod and Bryansk regions, as well as the north-east of Ukraine.
- 1 - 110 kV is used for standby power supply of the station.
- 6 lines of 330 kV each: two for the north of Ukraine, 4 for the Kursk region.
It must be said that this nuclear power plant is considered one of the most important nodes of the UES of the Russian Federation. The main consumer of energy is the Center system. It covers 19 regions of the Central Federal District. The share that falls on the Kursk NPP in terms of the installed capacity of all plants in the Chernozem region is more than 50%. In addition, the facility provides energy for 90% of industrial enterprises located in the region.
Construction of the fifth power unit
The construction of this part of the station was started in 1985, in December. In the 1990s, work was suspended several times, and then resumed again. In the mid-2000s, almost no construction was carried out, despite the fact that the power unit had a fairly high level of readiness. By March 2011, it became known that 45 billion rubles may be required to put this part of the station into operation. and 3.5 years old.
Justified structure 5power unit
During the analysis, the experts came to the conclusion that the impact of the network limitation, in which the use of five power units is unreasonable from an economic point of view, was not taken into account in the original design. In this regard, in March 2012, the decision was officially announced that the construction according to the original plan would not continue. The option of using a new reactor of the VVER-1200 type was considered. But in this case, you will have to radically change the entire project. The justification for completing the construction of the fifth power unit became less obvious if we take into account the construction of the replacement facility Kursk NPP-2 in the village. Makarovka, on the other side of the Seim. Tentatively, the new units will be put into operation before the decommissioning of the spent elements of the Kursk NPP - in the period from 2020 to 2022.
Kursk NPP: service
In the current (2014) year, from August 22, planned activities began at the 4th power unit. In particular, the repair of the seventh turbine generator was carried out, which was disconnected from the network for the duration of the work. In accordance with the information received from the public relations center, events were held that are included in the annual schedule. The power of the 4th power unit was reduced by 50% for the duration of the work. Unit 3 was also repaired. It was launched on August 31 of the current year, 2014. Planned activities, diagnostics and modernization of equipment and systems were carried out. The radiation background in the territory where the Kursk NPP is located, the photo of which is presented inarticle, and in the vicinity of the object does not exceed the established norms and natural background indicators.
Conditions for employees
It should be noted that one of the primary tasks set by the management is to ensure the safety of personnel. In addition, the management of the Kursk NPP creates economic conditions for employees that contribute to ensuring a higher standard of living in the social. consumption. The objects through which the implementation of tasks is carried out are Energetik (a complex of sports facilities) and Orbita (a sanatorium-preventorium). The first one has been open since 1986. Every year, more than 2 thousand people are engaged in sports and recreation groups and sections. Wellness sessions are held daily in the pools. In the complex "Energetik" there are trainings for experienced and beginner athletes. For all units of the Kursk NPP, time is provided for holding physical education events, inter-shop and intra-shop competitions in various sports.
Sanatorium "Orbita" has been operating since 1987. It is located in a pine forest, in a picturesque area on the right bank of the Seim, not far from Kurchatov (fifteen kilometers away). The departmental he alth resort includes a dining room, dormitory buildings, and a medical complex. On the territory of the sanatorium there is a library, a cinema hall. Vacationers can visit the sports and dance grounds, billiard and gym, phytobar and solarium. Over the past few yearsphysiotherapy and dental equipment was updated, a s alt mine was purchased. On the territory of the he alth resort there is a modern balneary. Sanatorium "Orbita" is an excellent base for organizing recreational activities for employees of a nuclear power plant.
