Fyodor Khitruk - Soviet director and screenwriter. He is the creator of such famous animated films as "The Scarlet Flower", "Kashtanka", "Peter and Little Red Riding Hood". Fedor Khitruk is the author of several books on film art. He devoted many years to teaching. The creative path of Khitruk is the topic of the article.
Early years
Fyodor Khitruk was born in 1917 in Tver. His parents moved to this city shortly before the birth of their son. In the Khitrukov family, in addition to Fedor, there were two more sons - the eldest Mikhail, born in 1915, and the younger Vladimir, born in 1921. The father of the cartoonist was Khitruk Savely Davydovich, who first worked as a locksmith, and after moving up the career ladder, as an engineer. He met Fedor's mother in Riga, at the beginning of World War I.
Seven years after the birth of their second son, the family changed their place of residence again, moving to Moscow. In the capital, Fyodor Savelyevich's father studied at the Plekhanov Academy. In 1931 the family moved to Germany. To the city of Stuttgart of the father of the family asa qualified specialist was sent on a three-year business trip. The future animator in the capital of Beden-Württemberg attended an art school, where he learned the basics of fine art.
In Moscow
After returning to his homeland, Fedor continued his studies at the capital's art college, graduating in 1936. And then he improved his qualifications at the institute in the direction of "Graphics". Having visited a film festival held in Moscow in 1935, and having familiarized himself with foreign-made cartoons, Khitruk was imbued with the art of animation. That is why he wanted to connect his life with this direction and tried several times to get a job as an artist at Soyuzmultfilm, but at first he did not succeed.
In the late autumn of 1937, Fyodor Savelyevich was lucky. He got a job at a film studio as an intern. In 1938, Khitruk already received the position of a multiplier.
The young man's creative career was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. He had to get the profession of an interpreter. The Institute of Foreign Languages was evacuated to Stavropol in 1942, where the hero of the article acquired a new speci alty. During the war, Fedor Khitruk served as an interpreter, and later as a platoon commander engaged in radio interception. After 1945, the future animator worked for another two years in Germany, after which he returned to Moscow and continued his career at Soyuzmultfilm. In 1949 he joined the CPSU.
Fyodor Khitruk: cartoons
The hero of this article has made a significant contribution to the national art. Khitruk was a teacher for many years at the animation courses held at the studio. He combined this position with the profession of director since 1962. His most popular creations can be called such short animated films as "The Island", "The Lion and the Bull", "Film, Film, Film". It is worth saying that Fedor Savelyevich Khitruk is one of the creators of the three parts of "Winnie the Pooh", as well as many other paintings created based on the famous works of domestic and foreign authors.
From 1980, Fedor Savelyevich headed the "Multtelefilm" studio. For eight years he served as vice president of the ASIFA association. In addition, until 2003, Khitruk was one of the main teachers who trained specialists in the speci alty director-animator. Also in 1995, the hero of this article was the honorary president of the Golden Fish festival, and until 2000 he headed the domestic association of animated films.
Recognition
Fyodor Savelyevich was the owner of a large number of awards and prizes. For numerous merits, he was awarded the title of professor at VGIK and a member of the Nika National Academy of Arts. In 1993, with his direct participation, a school of animators called "Ball" was opened. In addition, Fedor Savelyevich took part in compiling a special dictionary that includes terms for this speci alty.
Filmography
SeveralFyodor Khitruk had dozens of works in his track record. The cartoons "The Story of a Crime", "Vacation of Boniface", "Winnie the Pooh" belong to the early period of his directorial career. As an animator, he acted during the creation of "Flies-Tsokotukha", "Tales of Tsar S altan", "Gray Neck". Other works by Fyodor Khitruk:
- "Flower-seven-flower".
- "Swan Geese".
- "The Enchanted Boy".
- "Twelve months".
- "Again deuce".
- "The Boy from Naples".
- "The Adventures of Pinocchio".
- "Uncle Styopa".
- "The Snow Queen".
- Cat House.
- "Flight to the Moon".
One of Khitruk's cartoons, which arouses more interest in adult viewers than in children, is "The Lion and the Bull". The plot is based on the story of the confrontation between two giants. The plot is developed with a subtle psychological penetration into the characters.
Also, Fedor Khitruk published several books on animation. “Profession – animator” is one of them. This book was made into a documentary in 1999.
Private life
Until the end of his days, the director lived in the capital. Was married twice. The first wife is Maria Leonidovna. The director's second wife is Galina Nikolaevna. Khitruk's son Andrei Fedorovich is an honored teacher at the College. Gnesins. The cartoonist's granddaughter Anastasia is a famous violinist.
Fyodor Savelyevich died in 2012, December 3, at the age ofninety five years old. Few people know his name today. But there was no child in the Soviet Union who did not know the characters in the paintings created by Fyodor Khitruk. The films of this master were included in the golden collection of domestic animation.
